基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(12172059)收稿日期:2021-04-23修回日期:2021-04-25第40卷第2期计算机仿真2023年2月文章编号:1006-9348(2023)02-0449-05基于滑模控制的无人驾驶自行车设计与仿真刘佩佩,周亚丽,张奇志(北京信息科技大学自动化学院,北京100192)摘要:针对无人驾驶自行车无法实现自平衡的问题,设计一种由滚珠丝杠滑台、滑块、曲柄和连杆组成的曲柄滑块机构,并采用滑模控制方法来控制车体的平衡和运动方向。先对曲柄滑块机构的运动特性及受力进行了分析,分别得到滑块位置与前车把转角的关系以及转向电机输出力矩与前车把所受力矩的关系。通过分析无人驾驶自行车在直立行驶过程中的动力学特性,采用拉格朗日方程法建立了系统的动力学模型。设计了滑模控制器并进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明,文中所采用的控制方法可以在转向电机输出很小力矩的情况下实现无人驾驶自行车的直立平衡运动。关键词:无人驾驶自行车;曲柄滑块机构;直立平衡运动;滑模控制中图分类号:TP242文献标识码:BDesignandSimulationoftheUnmannedBicycleBasedonSlidingModeControlLIUPei-pei,ZHOUYa-li,ZHANGQi-zhi(SchoolofAutomation,BeijingInformationScienceandTechnologyUniversity,Beijing100192,China)ABSTRACT:Inthispaper,duetothefactthattheunmannedbicyclecannotrealizeself-balance,acrankslidermechanismcomposedofaballscrewslidingplatform,slidingblock,crankandconnectingrodwasdesigned,andtheslidingmodecontrolmethodwasusedtocontrolthebalanceandmovementdirectionofthebicycle.Firstly,thekine-maticcharacteristicsandforcesofthecrankslidermechanismwereanalyzed,andtherelationshipbetweenthepositionofthesliderandtheangleofthefronthandlebarandtherelationshipbetweentheoutputtorqueofthesteer-ingmotorandthetorqueofthefronthandlebarwasobtained.Secondly,byanalyzingthedynamiccharacteristicsoftheunmannedbicycleintheprocessofuprightriding,thedynamicmodelofthesystemwasestablishedbyusingtheLa-grangeequationmethod.Finally,theslidingmodecontrollerwasdesignedandsimulationswerecarriedout.Simulationresultsshowthatthecontrolmethodproposedinthispapercanrealizetheuprightbalancingmotionoftheunmannedbicycleundertheconditionthatthesteeringmotoroutputtorqueisverysmall...