密度对榆林市不同玉米品种农艺性状及产量的影响张洁(榆林市农业科学研究院,陕西榆林719000)摘要玉米的品种选择和种植密度对其农艺性状、产量起决定性作用,为了探讨如何选择适宜的品种和密度、提高陕北风沙滩区春玉米产量,以当地主栽玉米品种大丰30、陕单609、先玉335为供试材料,进行了5个梯度(4.5万、6.0万、7.5万、9.0万、10.5万株/hm2)下的田间试验,探索不同的种植密度对玉米单株叶面积、干物质积累量、株高、穗位高、产量以及产量构成因素的影响。研究结果表明,不同玉米品种的株高、穗位高、叶面积、秃尖长随着种植密度的增加而增加。干物质积累量、百粒重、穗长、穗粗随着种植密度的增加而降低。随着种植密度的增加,玉米产量呈先上升后降低的趋势,不同品种均在9.0万株/hm2时,产量最高,陕单609较其他密度增产0.9%~3.9%,先玉335增产2.6%~10.9%,大丰30增产3.3%~21.7%,较其他密度增产21.67%;6.0万~9.0万株/hm2密度下,大丰30产量最高,10.5万株/hm2时,陕单609和先玉335表现较好。关键词密度;玉米品种;农艺性状;产量;榆林市中图分类号S513文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2023)01-0036-03doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2023.01.008开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):EffectsofDensityonAgronomicCharactersandYieldofMaizeVarietiesinYulinCityZHANGJie(YulinAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Yulin,Shaanxi719000)AbstractMaizevarietyselectionandplantingdensityplayedadecisiveroleinitsagronomictraitsandyield.Inordertoexplorehowtoselectsuitablevarietyanddensityandtoimprovetheyieldofspringmaizeinthewind-sandbeachareaofnorthernShaanxi,themainmaizevarietiesDafeng30,Shaandan609andXianyu335wereusedastestmaterials.Fieldexperimentswerecarriedoutunder5gradients(45000,60000,75000,90000and105000plants/hm2)toexploretheeffectsofdifferentplantingdensitiesonleafareaperplant,drymatteraccumulation,plantheight,earheight,yieldandyieldcomponentsofmaize.Theresultsshowedthatplantheight,earheight,leafareaandbaretiplengthofdifferentmaizevarietiesincreasedwiththeincreaseofplantingdensity.Drymatteraccumulation,100-grainweight,paniclelengthandpani-clediameterdecreasedwiththeincreaseofplantingdensity.Withtheincreaseofplantingdensity,theyi...