Designation:F1705−96(Reapproved2012)StandardGuideforTrainingEmergencyMedicalServicesAmbulanceOperations1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF1705;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1ThisguideprovidesminimumtrainingstandardsforEmergencyMedicalServices(EMS)AmbulanceOperatorsincludinglegalaspects,operatorqualificationsandtesting,historyofEMSvehicleoperations,vehicletypes/equipment,safety,physicalforces,mechanics,pre-run,operations,post-run,andspecialcircumstances.1.2Thisguidepromotesthesafeandefficientdeliveryoftheambulance,equipment,crew,passengersandpatients,duringallphasesofthedeliveryofEMSinvolvingtheambulance;atalltimesexercisingthehighestdegreeofcareforthesafetyofthepublic.ThisguidemaybeappliedtothedrivingofotherEMSvehiclesthatdonotnecessarilyprovidepatienttransportation.1.3Thisguideshallbeusedasthebasisforallprogramsrelevanttothetrainingoftheemergencymedicalservicesoperators.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2F1177TerminologyRelatingtoEmergencyMedicalSer-vicesF1230SpecificationforMinimumPerformanceRequire-mentsforEmergencyMedicalService(Ems)GroundVehicles(Withdrawn1997)3F1258PracticeforEmergencyMedicalDispatchF1517GuideforScopeofPerformanceofEmergencyMedi-calServicesAmbulanceOperations2.2FederalSpecification:4KKK1822CFederalSpecificationfortheStar-of-LifeAm-bulance3.Terminology3.1Fordefinitionsofotheremergencymedicalterms,seeTerminologyF1177:3.2DefinitionsofTermsSpecifictoThisStandard:3.2.1ambulanceoperations—theefficientdeliveryoftheambulance,equipment,crew,passengers,andpatientsd...