_STP_914-1986.pdf

REVIEW AND EVALUATION OF APPEARANCE:METHODS AND TECHNIQUES A symposium sponsored by ASTM Committee E-12 on Appearance of Materials Montreal,Canada,23 May 1984 ASTM SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION 914 J.J.Rennilson,Advanced Retro Technology,Inc.,and W.N.Hale,Jr.,Hale Color Consultants,Inc.,editors ASTM Publication Code Number(PCN)04-914000-36 1916 Race Street,Philadelphia,PA 19103 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Thu Dec 31 17:19:12 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Review and evaluation of appearance.(ASTM special technical publication;914)ASTM publication code number(PCN)04-914000-36.Includes bibliographies and index.1.MaterialsSensory evaluationCongresses.2.MaterialsAppearanceCongresses.3.Specular reflectanceCongresses.4.MaterialsColoring-Congresses.I.Rennilson,Jay J.II.Hale,W.N.(William Nick),1924-III.ASTM Committee E-12 on Appearance of Materials.IV.Series.TA418.5.R48 1986 620.11 86-7999 ISBN 0-8031-0480-4 Copyright by AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1986 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number:86-7999 NOTE The Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication.Printed in Baltimore,MD May 1986 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Thu Dec 31 17:19:12 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Foreword The symposium on Review and Evaluation of Appearance:Methods and Techniques was presented at Montreal,Canada,23 May 1984.The sympo-sium was sponsored by ASTM Committee E-12 on Appearance of Materials.J.J.Rennilson,Advanced Retro Technology,Inc.,served as chairman of the symposium and is coeditor of the resulting publication.W.N.Hale,Jr.,Hale Color Consultants,Inc.,is coeditor of the publication.Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Thu Dec 31 17:19:12 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Related ASTM Publications Sensory Evaluation of Appearance of Materials,STP 545(1973),04-545000-36 Compilation of ASTM Standards on Color and Appearance Measurement,1984,03-512083-14 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Thu Dec 31 17:19:12 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.A Note of Appreciation to Reviewers The quality of the papers that appear in this publication reflects not only the obvious efforts of the authors but also the unheralded,though essential,work of the reviewers.On behalf of ASTM we acknowledge with appreciation their dedication to high professional standards and their sacrifice of time and effort.ASTM Committee on Publications Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Thu Dec 31 17:19:12 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.ASTM Editorial Staff Susan L.Gebremedhin Janet R.Schroeder Kathleen A.Greene William T.Benzing Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Thu Dec 31 17:19:12 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Contents Overview 1 The Modes of Appearance and Their Attributes RICHARD S.HUNTER 5 Psychometric Scaling of GlossFRANCIS X.D.ODONNELL AND FRED W.BILLMEYER,JR.14 Recent CIE Work on Color Difference Evaluation ALAN R.ROBERTSON 33 A Colorimetric Determination of Dye Content on 100%Polyester FabricsLAURIE A.HAUCH,SUSAN GLICKSBERG,AND KWAN-NAN YEH 40 Measuring the Appearance of Retroreflectors by Application-Oriented GoniophotometryNORBERT L.JOHNSON 49 Measurement of Color on Foods:Some Experiences at INTI,Buenos AiresDAVID JUNGMAN,ROBERTO D.LOZANO,AND CRISTINA MELCON DE BELLORA 62 Specifying the Appearance of Escalator Treads:How to Minimize the Disorientation EffectTHEODORE E.COHN 69 Visual Color Technology Development for Industrial ApplicationsJAMES T.DEGROFF 78 On the Specification of Heterochromatic Brightness WILLIAM B.COWAN 92 Index 103 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Thu Dec 31 17:19:12 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.STP914-EB/May 1986 Overview The evaluation of appearance is as broadly based as any subject addressed by ASTM,being applicable to practically every raw material and finished product.While the major focus is on the production of consumer items that must have acceptable appearance as to color and gloss,appearance evalua-tion is also used with many nonconsumer products.For example,air contam-ination is graded by the appearance of filters,while contaminants in liquids is judged both by