ASTM_D_418_-_93.pdf

Designation:D 418 93Standard Test Methods forTesting Pile Yarn Floor Covering Construction1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 418;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1NOTEThis standard was corrected editorially in June 1993.The 1992 edition was incorrect.The current test methodscontained in the document will eventually be balloted as individual standards.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the construction testing ofmachine-made woven,knitted,and tufted pile yarn floorcovering both before and after an adhesive back coating,whichbonds the pile yarn to the backing fabric,has been applied.1.2 This standard includes the following test methods:SectionComponent Masses2per Unit Area8Number of Binding Sites per Unit Length or Width of Floor Covering16Number of Binding Sites per Unit Length or Width of Pile Floor Cov-ering21Pile ThicknessLevel Pile10Pile ThicknessMultilevel Pile11Pile Yarn Length per Unit Length of Floor Covering14Pile Yarn Length per Unit Length of Floor Covering20Pile Yarn Mass per Unit Area9Total Mass per Unit Area7Tuft and Yarn Length of Uncoated Floor Covering18Tuft Length12Tuft Length19Tuft Length for Level Loop Pile Floor Covering15Tuft Height131.2.1 Specimen preparation procedures common to Sections7-11 are presented in Annex A1,Preparing Specimens ofMeasured Area.Annex A2 and Annex A3 give examples oftypical calculations for Sections 9-11.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard for all measurements except mass.The SI(metric)values for all measurements except mass are providedfor information purposes only.1.4 This standard may involve the use of hazardous mate-rials,operations and equipment.It is the responsibility of theuser of this standard to establish appropriate safety practicesand to determine the applicability of regulatory limitationsprior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles3D 861 Practice for Use of the Tex System to DesignateLinear Density of Fibers,Yarn Intermediates,and Yarns3D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water4D 1909 Table of Commercial Moisture Regains for TextileFibers3E 122 Recommended Practice for Choice of Sample Size toEstimate the Average Quality of a Lot or Process5E 380 Standard for Metric Practice63.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 back coating,nin textiles,an adhesive-type sub-stance applied to the back of a fabric for such purposes aslocking pile yarn tufts into a carpet backing,bonding asecondary backing to a primary backing,or increasing fabricbody or stiffness.3.1.2 backing,nfor pile yarn floor covering,all materialsin a pile yarn floor covering other than pile yarn.3.1.3 backing fabric,nin textiles,(1)a fabric into whicha pile yarn is inserted,or(2)a reinforcing layer adhered to thereverse side of a fabric.3.1.3.1 DiscussionIn woven and knitted pile yarn floorcoverings the backing fabric is created at the same time the pileyarn is bound to the backing fabric but in tufted pile yarn floorcoverings the backing fabric is made prior to the operation inwhich the pile yarn is fastened to the backing fabric.3.1.4 backing,primary,nfor tufted pile yarn floor cover-ing,the fabric through which the pile yarn is carried by needlesto form tufts:the backing fabric.3.1.5 backing,secondary,nfor pile yarn floor covering,amaterial adhered to the backing fabric side of a pile yarn floorcovering.1These methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D-13 on Textilesand are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.21 on Pile Floor Coverings.Current edition approved May 12,1993.Published August 1993.Originallypublished as D 418 82.Last previous edition D 418 92.2The technically correct term“mass”is used throughout this standard in place of“weight,”the term in common usage.The buoyancy effect of the displaced air isconsidered negligible for the test methods in this standard,so that apparent mass andmass are the same within the limits of precision and accuracy achieved(see section3.4.1of E 380E 380).3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 07.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 11.01.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.02.6Excerpts appear in Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 07.01.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.NOTICE:This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.Please contact ASTM International(www.astm.org)for the latest information.3.1.5.1 DiscussionThe secondary backing may be a tex-tile layer,a solid plastic layer,a rubber sponge,or anelastomeric foam.3.1.6 binding site,n.for pile yarn floor covering,a placeat which the