ASTM_D_4659_-_19.pdf

Designation:D465919Standard Test Methods forPolyurethane Raw Materials:Determination of SpecificGravity of Isocyanates1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4659;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 These test methods determine the specific gravity oftoluenediisocyanate,polymeric(methylene phenylisocyanate),and liquid methylene di(phenylisocyanate).These test methodsalso are applicable to many other liquids.(See Note 1.)1.1.1 Test Method ASpecific gravity by pycnometer,forhigh-accuracy determination.1.1.2 Test Method BSpecific gravity by hydrometer,for aless accurate,but rapid,determination.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD891 Test Methods for Specific Gravity,Apparent,of LiquidIndustrial ChemicalsD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD4052 Test Method for Density,Relative Density,and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterE100 Specification for ASTM HydrometersE456 Terminology Relating to Quality and StatisticsE202 Test Methods for Analysis of Ethylene Glycols andPropylene GlycolsE2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-eters with Low-Hazard Precision LiquidsE2935 Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing inLaboratory Applications3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms used in this standard are defined inaccordance with Terminology D883,unless otherwise speci-fied.For terms relating to precision and bias and associatedissues,the terms used in this standard are defined in accordancewith Terminology E456.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 specific gravitythe ratio of the weight in air of agiven volume of the material at a stated temperature to theweight in air of an equal volume of water at a statedtemperature.It shall be expressed as specific gravity,25/25C,indicating that the sample and reference water were bothmeasured at 25C.4.Significance and Use4.1 These test methods can be used for research or forquality control to characterize isocyanates used in polyurethaneproducts.4.2 Ageneral test method for specific gravity using a digitaldensity meter,which applies to isocyanates as well as otherliquids is published in Test Method D4052.TEST METHOD ASPECIFIC GRAVITY BYPYCNOMETER5.Apparatus5.1 Pycnometer,of 25 or 50-mLcapacity,conical shape witha capillary side arm overflow tube having a standard-taper 5/12ground-glass joint and a ground-glass vented cap.A thermom-eter graduated from 12 to 38C in 0.2 divisions attached to theneck of the flask by a standard-taper 10/18 ground-glass joint.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on CellularMaterials-Plastics and Elastomers.Current edition approved Aug.1,2019.Published August 2019.Originallyapproved in 1987.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D4659-14.DOI:10.1520/D4659-19.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 This thermometer is to be calibrated using the ASTM ther-mometer specified in 5.3.5.2 Water BathA water bath maintained at 25 6 0.05C.5.3 ThermometerAnASTMlow-softeningpointthermometer,calibrated from 2 to+80C,which meets therequirements for Thermometer S15C in Specification E2251.5.4 Analytical BalanceAbalance having a sensitivity of atleast 0.1 mg.6