ASTM_D_8448_-_D_8448M_-_22.pdf

Designation:D8448/D8448M22Standard Specification forBasalt Fiber Strands1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8448/D8448M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for basaltfiber,including rovings and chopped strands.This specificationis intended to assist ultimate users by designating the generalnomenclature for the strand products that are generally manu-factured in the basalt fiber industry.1.2 Basalt fibers are produced by melting naturally occur-ring volcanic rocks,being primarily basalt or other basalticrocks.The melt is drawn though a bushing and,typically,asizing is applied to the fiber as it is cooled.1.3 Basalt fiber strands have a variety of general uses underspecific conditions,such as high physical or chemical stress,high moisture,or high temperature.Property requirementsunder specific conditions are agreed upon between the pur-chaser and the supplier.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system are not exact equivalents;therefore,each systemshall be used independently of the other.Combining valuesfrom the two systems will result in non-conformance with thestandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD578 Specification for Glass Fiber StrandsD1907/D1907M Test Method for Linear Density of Yarn(Yarn Number)by the Skein MethodD2256/D2256M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Yarnsby the Single-Strand MethodD2258/D2258M Practice for Sampling Yarn for TestingD4963/D4963M Test Method for Ignition Loss of GlassFiber Strands and FabricsD7018/D7018M Terminology Relating to Glass Fiber andIts Products(Withdrawn 2021)32.2 ANSI Standard:ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures for Inspection byAttributes43.Terminology3.1 For all terminology applying to this specification andrelated to glass fiber and its products,refer to TerminologyD7018/D7018M.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:atmosphere for testing textiles,chopped strand,roving,strand.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles,refer toTerminology D123.4.Composition of Basalt Fiber4.1 Basalt fiber is composed primarily of oxides of silicon,aluminum,calcium,magnesium,titanium,sodium,potassium,and iron with a certified chemical composition.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 onTextiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Industrial Fibersand Metallic Reinforcements.Current edition approved Sept.1,2022.Published October 2022.DOI:10.1520/D8448-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.14.2 The primary certified chemical composition that appliesto basalt fiber products used in general applications is summa-rized in Table 1.DESCRIPTION OF BASALT PRODUCTS5.General5.1 Basalt products are specified using a series of segmentsof alphabetical or numerical characters.5.2 For the description of basalt products,SI units andinch-pound units are used.6.Rovings6.1 Descriptions of RovingsThe description of rovingsconsists of five segments.Segment 1Segment 2Segment 3Segment 4Segment 5ProducttypeYarnnumberFilamentdiameterSizing typeType ofpull6.1.1 Segment OneThe first segment of the description ofbasalt rovings represents the product type.T