2022年12月热带农业科学第42卷第12期Dec.2022CHINESEJOURNALOFTROPICALAGRICULTUREVol.42,No.12收稿日期2022-06-23;修回日期2022-07-19第一作者何石兰(1984—),硕士,主要研究方向为植物保护与病虫害防治,E-mail:306821023@qq.com。海南琼北蔬菜病虫害发生与农药使用调查何石兰(海南省农业学校海南海口571101)摘要于2021年5月至2022年5月开展了以澄迈、海口为主的蔬菜病虫害种类调查,并走访琼北区多家乡镇农资店调查农药使用情况。调查结果表明,琼北区蔬菜病害种类有30种,害虫有20种;发生严重的主要病害有霜霉病类、软腐病类、白锈病、白粉病类、病毒病类、豆类锈病、豇豆煤霉病、辣椒炭疽病;主要害虫有斜纹夜蛾、蓟马、美洲斑潜蝇、黄曲条跳甲、蚜虫、瓜实蝇、小菜蛾。市售的防治蔬菜病虫害的常用药剂种类主要有50种,其中杀虫剂25种,杀菌剂25种,高频使用的杀菌剂有咪鲜胺锰盐、烯酰吗啉、苯醚甲环唑、嘧菌酯、春雷霉素、吡唑醚菌酯等;高频使用的杀虫剂有啶虫脒、吡虫啉、阿维菌素的混配剂及溴虫氟苯双酰胺、乙基多杀菌素等。关键词海南琼北区;病虫害;农药;调查中图分类号S436.3文献标识码ADOI:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2022.12.016InvestigationontheOccurrenceofVegetableDiseasesandInsectPestsandtheUseofPesticidesintheNorthernRegionofHainanHEShilan(HainanAgricultureSchool,Haikou,Hainan571101,China)AbstractFromMay2021toMay2022,thispapercarriedoutasurveyofvegetablepestsanddiseasesmainlyinChengmaiandHaikou,andalsovisitedanumberoftownshipagriculturalmaterialstoresinthenorthernregiontoinvestigatetheuseofpesticides.Theresultsshowedthattherewere30kindsofvegetablediseasesand20kindsofpestsinthenorthernregion.Themainseriousdiseasesweredownymildew,softrot,whiterust,powderymildew,virusdisease,beanrust,cowpeacoalmildew,pepperanthracnose;themainpestswereSpodopteralitura,thrips,Liriomyzasativa,yellowfleabeetle,aphids,fruitfly,dia-mondbackmoth.Therewere50typesofcommonlyusedpesticidesforthecontrolofvegetablediseasesandinsectpestsonthemarket,including25pesticidesand25fungicides.ThefrequentlyusedfungicidesincludedCyproconazole,azoxystrobin,kasugamycin,pyraclostrobin,etc.;thefrequentlyusedpesticidesincludedacetamiprid,imidacloprid,avermectinmixture,b...