Copyright©byTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Thecontents,orpartsthereof,maybereproducedinprintformfornon-profiteducationalusewithMcGraw-HillReadingWondersprovidedsuchreproductionsbearcopyrightnotice,butmaynotbereproducedinanyformforanyotherpurposewithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofTheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,including,butnotlimitedto,networkstorageortransmission,orbroadcastfordistancelearning.Sendallinquiriesto:McGraw-HillEducationTwoPennPlazaNewYork,NewYork101213456789ONL1716151413Cwww.mheonline.com/readingwondersCopyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.TableofContentsCopyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Introduction2OralReadingFluencyNormsChart5AdministeringFluencyAssessments6LetterNamingFluencyAssessment8PhonemeSegmentationFluencyAssessment10SightWordFluencyAssessment12Grade1Assessments14Grade2Assessments62Grade3Assessments122Grade4Assessments182Grade5Assessments242Grade6Assessments302AnswerstoComprehensionQuestions362FluencyAssessment•TableofContents1Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.IntroductionWhatIsFluency?Fluencyisthecriticalbridgebetweentwokeyelementsofreading—decodingandcomprehension.Inits2000report,theNationalReadingPaneldefineditas“theabilitytoreadtextquickly,accurately,andwithproperexpression.”Fluencyhasseveraldimensions.Successfulreadersmustdecodewordsaccurately.Buttheymustmovebeyonddecodingandrecognizewordsinconnectedtextquicklyandautomatically.Theymustalsoreadwithexpressioninordertobringmeaningfulinterpretationtothetext.Allthreedimensions—accuratedecoding,automaticity,andabilitytoreadexpressively—worktogethertocreateeffectivecomprehensionandoverallsuccessinreading.Inits1994studyofreading,theNationalAssessmentofEducationalProgress(NAEP)establishedaclearconnectionbetweenfluencyandcomprehension.NAEPdefinedfluencyastheeaseor“naturalness”ofreading.Itrecognizedcertainkeyelementsascontributingtofluency.Theseincludedthereader’sgroupingorphrasingofwordsasshownthroughintonation,stress,andpauses...
