12010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)In1924America'sNationalResearchCouncilsenttwoengineerstosuperviseaseriesofindustrialexperimentsatalargetelephone-partsfactorycalledtheHawthornePlantnearChicago.Ithopedtheywouldlearnhowstop-floorlightingworkers'productivity.Instead,thestudiesendedgivingtheirnametothe"Hawthorneeffect",theextremelyinfluentialideathattheverytobeingexperimenteduponchangedsubjects'behavior.TheideaarosebecauseofthebehaviorofthewomenintheHawthorneplant.Accordingtooftheexperiments,theirhourlyoutputrosewhenlightingwasincreased,butalsowhenitwasdimmed.Itdidnotwhatwasdoneintheexperiment;somethingwaschanged,productivityrose.A(n)thattheywerebeingexperimenteduponseemedtobetoalterworkers'behavioritself.Afterseveraldecades,thesamedataweretoeconometrictheanalysis.Hawthorneexperimentshasanothersurprisestorethedescriptionsonrecord,nosystematicwasfoundthatlevelsofproductivitywererelatedtochangesinlighting.Itturnsoutthatpeculiarwayofconductingtheexperimentsmaybehavelettointerpretationofwhathapped.,lightingwasalwayschangedonaSunday.WhenworkstartedagainonMonday,outputrosecomparedwiththepreviousSaturdayandtoriseforthenextcoupleofdays.,acomparisonwithdataforweekswhentherewasnoexperimentationshowedthatoutputalwayswentuponMonday,workerstobediligentforthefirstfewdaysoftheweekinanycase,beforeaplateauandthenslackeningoff.Thissuggeststhatthealleged"Hawthorneeffect"ishardtopindown.1.[A]affected[B]achieved[C]extracted[D]restored2.[A]at[B]up[C]with[D]off3.[A]truth[B]sight[C]act[D]proof24.[A]controversial[B]perplexing[C]mischievous[D]ambiguous5.[A]requirements[B]explanations[C]accounts[D]assessments6.[A]conclude[B]matter[C]indicate[D]work7.[A]asfaras[B]forfearthat[C]incasethat[D]solongas8.[A]awareness[B]expectation[C]sentiment[D]illusion9.[A]suitable[B]excessive[C]enough[D]abundant10.[A]about[B]for[C]on[D]by11.[A]compared[B]shown[C]subjec...
