68生态环境保护治理ECOTHENEWERAOFECOLOGICALCIVILIZATION1949—2020年影响青岛的热带气旋气候特征文/马艳郭丽娜郝燕基金项目:青岛沿海地区大风预报预警技术研究与应用(2019qdqxz01)。作者简介:马艳,青岛市气象台台长,研究员,主要从事天气预报技术研究。摘要:利用1949~2020年中国台风年鉴和热带气旋资料,结合青岛地面气象观测记录,从热带气旋频数、周期、强度以及给青岛地区带来的降水等方面分析了影响青岛的热带气旋气候特征。分析表明:1)1949~2020年影响青岛的热带气旋个数整体呈现为减少的特点,热带气旋个数多呈现出了2~4a的显著变化周期。2)登陆转向和登陆北上类路径占8类影响青岛的热带气旋路径的47.9%,7月份影响青岛的热带气旋以登陆北上类型为主,9月份的以登陆转向类型为主。3)影响青岛的热带气旋强度整体呈现为减弱的特点,年代际变化特征明显。4)不同路径热带气旋带给青岛地区强降水具有空间差异性,登陆北上类热带气旋带给青岛地区最强的日降水量和过程降水量,近海转向类和远海影响类带来降水较小。关键词:热带气旋;青岛;气候特征Abstract:TheclimatecharacteristicsoftropicalcyclonesaffectingQingdaoduring1949-2020wereanalyzedintheaspectofnum-bers,period,intensityandprecipitationcausedbytropicalcyclonesbyusingTyphoonYearbook,tropicalcyclonedataaswellassurfaceobservationsintheregionofQingdao.TheresultsshowthenumbersoftropicalcycloneaffectingQingdaotendedtodecreaseandtookonthefeatureof2to4aperiodmostly.Thepercentageoftracksofmakinglandfallandthenchangingdirectionsandmakinglandfallthenmovingnorthwardon8tropicalcyclonetrackswas47.9%,thetrackofmakinglandfallthenmovingnorthwardwasdominantinJulyandlandingsteeringtrackmainlyinSeptember.TheintensityoftropicalcycloneaffectingQingdaotookonweakentendencyandhadcleardecadalfeature.DuringtheperiodoftropicalcycloneaffectingQingdao,thevariationofthetropicalcyclonestrengthwasnotobvious.Therewasclearspatialdifferenceonheavyprecipitationareafordifferenttracks,thetropicalcycloneswiththetrackofmakinglandfallthenmovingnorthwardcausedthestrongestdailyandprocessprecipitationintheregionofQingdao.Ontheotherhand,tropicalcycloneswiththetrackofoffshoresteeringandthetrackattheoceanhavelessinf...