当代体育科技(ContemporarySportsTechnology)2023年(第13卷)第20期运动人体科学不同坡度跑对下肢关节生物力学影响的研究进展赵亚萍陈卓刘世超(西北师范大学体育学院甘肃兰州730070)摘要：随着《全民健身计划》的持续推进，人们的健身需求也在不断优化，通过设置不同坡度训练模式来满足不同锻炼需求的目的也逐渐被重视。该研究基于比较不同坡度上坡、下坡与水平跑时人体下肢生物力学差异对各个关节的做功及运动损伤的影响，从而为锻炼者在最优坡度的选择及科学进行体育锻炼等方面提供理论参考。结果发现，不同坡度跑时空参数的影响主要体现在上坡、下坡跑时步频的增加和步长的缩短，重心垂直位移在较陡峭的上坡及下坡跑时显著减小；在关节刚度、做功模式、关节承载负荷及着地模式等方面，不同坡度跑都与水平跑有显著差异，且在下坡跑时因下肢关节在触地瞬间所承受的载荷远大于自身体重，所以发生运动损伤的概率大于水平跑与上坡跑。关键词：跑步上坡跑下坡跑运动生物力学运动损伤中图分类号：G8文献标识码：A文章编号：2095-2813(2023)20-0028-05ResearchProgressontheInfluenceofDifferent-SlopeRunningontheBiomechanicsoftheJointsofLowerLimbsZHAOYapingCHENZhuoLIUShichao(CollegeofPhysicalEducation,NorthwestNormalUniversity,Lanzhou,GansuProvince,730070China)Abstract:Withthecontinuouspromotionofthe"nationalfitness"program,people'sfitnessneedsarealsoconstantlyoptimized,andthepurposeofmeetingdifferentexerciseneedsisgraduallypaidattentiontobysettingthedifferent-slopetrainingmode.Thisstudyprovidestheoreticalreferenceforexercisersintheselectionofoptimalslopesandscientificphysicalexercisebasedoncomparingtheinfluencesofthebiomechanicaldifferencesofhumanlowerlimbsonjointworkandmotorinjuriesofeachjointduringdifferent-slopeuphillanddownhillrunningandhorizontalrunning.Resultsshowthattheinfluenceofspatiotemporalparametersduringdifferent-sloperunningismainlyreflectedintheincreaseofstridefrequencyanddecreasingofsteplengthduringuphillanddownhillrunning,andtheverticaldisplacementofthecenterdecreasessignificantlyduringsteepuphillanddownhillrunning,andthatintermsofthejointstiffness,workingmode,jointbearingloadandlandingmode,different-sloperunningissignificantlydiffere...
