感染性疾病的分子诊断新方法及临床应用欧静1，吴桐1，董晗1，刘琳2,3，张湘燕1,2,3*(1遵义医科大学第一临床医学院呼吸与危重症医学科，遵义563000；2贵州省人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科，贵阳550000；3国家卫生健康委员会肺脏免疫性疾病重点实验室，贵阳550000)摘要：感染性疾病仍是危害人类健康的主要问题之一，并可能造成暴发性流行性疾病，给全球卫生系统带来了极大的疾病负担。病原学的明确诊断是感染性疾病精准诊疗的先决条件，由于已知病原体的变异、新发病原体的不断出现以及机会性致病菌的增加，临床诊疗工作面临巨大挑战。然而传统的分离、培养方法作为病原学诊断的金标准，培养周期长、敏感性低且污染率高，这促使分子诊断技术向快速、高效、自动化、数字化不断发展，并发挥了越来越大的作用。本文主要综述了近年来新的分子诊断方法在感染性疾病中的临床应用及面临的挑战。关键词：分子诊断技术；感染性疾病；病原微生物NewmolecularmethodsandclinicalapplicationinthediagnosisofinfectiousdiseasesOUJing1,WUTong1,DONGHan1,LIULin2,3,ZHANGXiangyan1,2,3*(1DepartmentofRespiratoryandCriticalMedicine,theFirstClinicalMedicalCollege,ZunyiMedicalUniversity,Zunyi563000,China;2DepartmentofRespiratoryandCriticalMedicine,GuizhouProvincialPeople′sHospital,Guiyang550000,China;3TheKeyLaboratoryofPulmonaryImmuneDiseases,NationalHealthCommission,Guiyang550000,China)Abstract:Infectiousdiseasesarethemaincauseofmorbidityanddeathinpatientsaroundworld,andmaycausefulminantepidemicdiseases,bringingagreatburdentotheglobalhealthsystem.Adefinitediagnosisofetiologyisaprerequisitefortheaccuratediagnosisandtreatmentofinfectiousdiseases.Withthevariationofknownpathogens,thecontinuousemergenceofnewpathogensandtheincreaseofopportunisticpathogens,cliniciansandscientistsarefacinggrowingdiagnosticandtherapueticchallengesinthefieldofinfectiousdiseasesnow.However,asthetraditionalgoldstandardforpathogendiagnosis,thetraditionalisolationandculturemethodsareconsideredtime-consuming,lesssensitiveandhighrisksofpollutioncontamination,necessitatingthedevelopmentofmoleculardiagnostictechnologytoberapid,efficient,automatedanddigitalized,whichisplayingmoreandmoreimportantrole...
