贵州黔西南州主栽薏苡表型比较分析杜家会，李振斌，姚天月，李松克*（黔西南民族职业技术学院，贵州兴义562400）摘要：黔西南州薏苡种质资源主要是地方品种，各性状差异较大，旨在鉴定各薏苡种质间的性状差异，为品种改良和育种材料的选择提供科学依据。通过收集黔西南州农户主要种植的薏苡种质资源10份，对其质量性状、产量性状及多样性指数进行分析。10份种质生育期相差极大，为早熟、中熟和晚熟品种；主要数量性状变异系数范围在3.37%~16.72%，多样性指数变化范围在1.0027~2.1333；产量性状的变异系数变化范围在3.84%~39.37%，多样性指数变化范围在0.6365~1.9793；自然情况下黑壳薏苡对黑穗病抗性较白壳薏苡强。综合各种质特性，当地应以白壳小薏苡作为良种种植，白壳大薏苡和黑壳薏苡可用作选育其他用途薏苡种质。关键词：薏苡；表型；多样性指数中图分类号：S519文献标识码：A文章编号：2096-5877（2023）01-0014-05ComparisononthePhenotypicTraitsbetweenMainCultivarsofCoixlacryma-jobiL.inQianxinanPrefectureofGuizhouDUJiahui,LIZhenbin，YAOTianyue,LISongke*(SouthwestGuizhouVocational＆TechnicalCollegeNationalities,Xingyi562400,China)Abstract：ThegermplasmresourcesofCoixlacryma-jobiL.inQianxinanPrefecturearemainlylocalspecies,whichphenotypictraitsaredifferent.ThisstudyaimstoevaluatethediversityofCoixbycharacters,providebasisforvari⁃etyimprovementandparentselection.Throughcollecting10CoixgermplasmresourcesmainlyplantedinQianxinanPrefecture,thequalitytraits,yieldtraitsanddiversityindexwereanalyzed.Theresultshowedthatgrowthperiodofthe10germplasmsvariedgreatly,includingearly,middleandlatematuringvarieties.Thevariationcoefficientofmainquantitativetraitsrangedfrom3.37%to16.72%,andthediversityindexrangedfrom1.0027to2.1333.Thevariationcoefficientofyieldtraitsrangedfrom3.84%to39.37%,andthediversityindexrangedfrom0.6365to1.9793.Accordingtovariousqualitativecharacteristics,thelocalshouldusethewhitehuskedCoixastheimprovedvariety,andthewhitehuskedCoixandblackhuskedCoixcanbeusedforbreedingotherkindsofCoixgermplasm.Keywords：Coixlacryma-jobiL.;Phenotypic;Diversityindex薏苡也称薏米、药玉米，禾本科植物，当地群众称之为五谷、六谷等。薏苡是药食同源...
