接收日期:2022-09-03接受日期:2022-09-15基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000400)*通信作者。E-mail:gdwang@njau.edu.cn不同氮磷钾配比对蝴蝶兰开花的影响陈业臻,季京京,蒋励,王广东*(南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095)摘要:以蝴蝶兰栽培品种‘粉红豹’和‘绿如意’为试材,研究不同氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)比例的营养液处理对成株期蝴蝶兰开花的影响。结果表明,与商品用花期肥料“花多多2号”(N:P:K=10:30:20)对照相比,适当提高P元素比例的营养液1号(N:P:K=10:40:20)和适当降低N元素比例的营养液3号(N:P:K=5:30:20)均能显著缩短蝴蝶兰花梗的平均萌发时间;且营养液3号在促进植株花梗伸长生长,增加开花数量,缩短开花时间,提高开花品质等方面的综合表现较佳。关键词:蝴蝶兰;氮磷钾营养;生殖生长;开花Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2022.06.005中图分类号:S682.31文献标识码:A文章编号:1009-7791(2022)06-0451-08EffectsofDifferentRatioofNitrogen,PhosphorusandPotassiumonFloweringinPhalaenopsisOrchidCHENYe-zhen,JIJing-jing,JIANGLi,WANGGuang-dong*(CollegeofHorticulture,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095,JiangsuChina)Abstract:Effectsofdifferentratioofnitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),andpotassium(K)nutrientsolutiontreatmentsonfloweringcharacteristicsofmatureplantsofPhalaenopsiscultivars‘FenHongbao’and‘LüRuyi’werestudied.Theresultsshowedthatcomparedwithcontrolnutrientsolution(N:P:K=10:30:20),appropriatelyincreasingPelementproportion(No.1nutrientsolution,N:P:K=10:40:20)andreducingNelementproportion(No.3nutrientsolution,N:P:K=5:30:20)significantlyshortenedtheaverageinitiationandoutgrowthtimeofflowerpeduncle.Inaddition,thecomprehensiveperformanceofNo.3nutrientsolutionwasbetterinpromotingflowerpeduncleelongationgrowth,increasingthefloralnumber,shorteningthefloweringtimeandimprovingfloweringquality.Keywords:Phalaenopsis;nitrogen,phosphorusandpotassiumnutrition;reproductivegrowth;flowering蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsisspp.)为兰科(Orchidaceae)蝴蝶兰属热带附生植物,作为国内外广泛栽培的温室花卉,因其独特而优雅的花型、丰富的花色及较长的花期,受到众多消费者喜爱,具有较高的观赏价值和商业价值。自2017年以来,我国蝴蝶兰日常销量逐...