2023年1月第12卷第1期JournalofBengbuUniversityJan.2023Vol.12,No.1明初朱元璋关于建都的思考与抉择收稿日期:2022-05-16作者简介:刘梦强(1997-),男,安徽阜阳人,硕士研究生。E-mail:3170762597@qq.com刘梦强(安徽大学历史学院,安徽合肥230039)摘要:大明王朝建国之始,国都选址问题深深困扰着朱元璋。迁延十余年之久,朱元璋方折中以南京为国都。朱元璋对国都的思考经历了不同的阶段。明朝草创之际,以应天为中心,图谋天下;天下大定之时,意欲建都北京(开封),经营北方;更有营造帝乡凤阳为国都之举。洪武初年逐渐演变成“两京一都”的奇特格局。其形成有时代大背景下深厚的历史原因,也有朱元璋个人独特的思考因素。朱元璋选择南京为大明国都对明朝之后的政治走向产生了深远影响。关键词:朱元璋;都城抉择;中都;开封;南京中图分类号:K248文献标识码:A文章编号:(2023)01-0124-05ZhuYuanzhang’sThoughtsandChoicesonBuildingtheCapitalintheEarlyMingDynastyLIUMeng-qiang(SchoolofHistory,AnhuiUniversity,Hefei,230039,Anhui)Abstract:AtthebeginningofthefoundingoftheMingDynasty,ZhuYuanzhangwasdeeplytroubledbytheissueofthelocationofthecapital.Aftermorethantenyearsofdelay,ZhuYuanzhangchoseNanjingcityasthecapitalinacompromise.ZhuYuanzhang’sthinkingonthenationalcapitalhasgonethroughdifferentstages.WhentheMingDynastywasfirstestablished,hetookYingtianasthecenterandplottedtheworld.Whentheworldwassettled,hewantedtoestablishBeijing(Kaifengcity)asthecapitaltomanagethenorth.HeevenmadeFengyang,theimperialhometown,asthecapitalofthecountry.IntheearlyyearsofHongwucity,apeculiarpatternof“twocapitalsandonecapital”wasgraduallyformed.Itsformationhasprofoundhistoricalreasonsunderthebackgroundofthetimes,aswellasZhuYuanzhang’suniquethinkingfactors.ZhuYuanzhang’schoiceofNanjingcityasthecapitalofMingDynastyhadaprofoundimpactonthepoliticaltrendaftertheMingDynasty.Keywords:ZhuYuanzhang;capitalchoice;Zhongducity;Kaifengcity;Nanjingcity首都是一个国家的政治中心,同时也是一个国家对内对外最重要的标志。“古帝王控制六合,宰割河山,以为子孙久安长治之业者”[1],每一位开国皇帝都极为重视一国首都的选择。统治者在选择国都所在地时,往往不仅会...