研究报告ResearchReport基于叶片显微结构筛选耐盐碱苹果砧木许盼云李春兰马萍刘畅何天明*新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐,830052*通信作者,1554272245@qq.com摘要从叶片解剖学角度分析不同苹果砧木品种的耐盐碱性，旨在筛选适宜新疆南疆盐碱土壤栽培的优良苹果砧木。本研究以7种四年生苹果砧木为试验材料，将NaCl、Na2SO4、NaHCO3、Na2CO3按1:9:9:1的比例混合，盆栽浇灌1/2Hoagland营养液，模拟浓度为60mmol/L的盐碱复合胁迫，对照浇灌1/2Hoagland营养液。通过光学显微镜观察14项叶片解剖结构，并结合主成分分析法和聚类系统法综合评价各砧木的耐盐碱性。研究发现盐碱复合胁迫对砧木叶片叶肉解剖结构产生的影响大于叶脉结构；盐碱复合胁迫后，耐盐碱性较强的砧木叶片的栅栏组织细胞、维管束结构和厚薄壁组织细胞变得发达，组织紧实度增大，而耐盐碱性较弱的砧木叶片的栅栏组织细胞短缩，海绵组织疏松，组织疏松度变大，主脉厚度减小。结果表明，7种供试材料的耐盐碱性分为三类，包括耐盐碱性强的八棱海棠，较强的小金海棠和平邑甜茶，较弱的野苹果、白海棠、山定子、湖北海棠。本研究结果为耐盐碱性强的苹果砧木选育提供一定的理论依据和参考价值。关键词苹果砧木;叶片解剖结构;耐盐碱性;综合评价ScreeningofSalt-AlkaliTolerantAppleRootstocksBasedonLeafMi-crostructureXuPanyunLiChunlanMaPingLiuChangHeTianming*CollegeofForestryandHorticulture,XinjiangAgriculturalUniversity,Urumqi,830052*Correspondingauthor,1554272245@qq.comDOI:10.13271j.mpb.021.000950AbstractThesalt-alkalitoleranceofdifferentapplerootstockswasanalyzedfromtheperspectiveofleafanato-myinordertoselectthesuperiorapplerootstockssuitableforsalt-alkalisoilcultivationinSouthernXinjiang.Using7four-year-oldapplerootstocksastestmaterials,mixNaCl,Na2SO4,NaHCO3,andNa2CO3ataratioof1:9:9:1,andwaterthepotwith1/2Hoaglandnutrientsolution,withasimulatedconcentrationof60mmol/Lsalinealkalicompoundstress,thecontrolwaspoured1/2Hoaglandnutrientsolution.14anatomicalstructuresofleaveswereobservedbyopticalmicroscope,andthesalt-alkalitoleranceofeachrootstockwasevaluatedbyprincipalcompo-nentanalysisandclusteringsystemmethod.Thestudyfoundthatthesalt-alkalicomplexstresshasgreaterinflu-enceontheanatomicalstructureofthel...
