《电子技术应用》2023年第49卷第1期CommunicationandNetwork通信与网络基于能量均衡高效的LEACH改进算法*谢佳,张玲华(南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,江苏南京210023)摘要:LEACH路由协议是无线传感器网络一个经典的分簇路由方法,但在限能严重的无线网络中,节点功耗高、生存时间短等问题严重影响网络性能,为此提出了改进的基于能量均衡高效的LEACH-X协议。通过加入最优簇首数,提出修正的剩余能量因子,考虑节点的剩余能量、周期内当选过簇首的次数以及密度因子,并对部署区域分区,针对区域调整距离因子增益参数的权重来修正簇首选举阈值函数;接着进行二次竞争并最终选举簇首,从而减小节点能耗,使WSN存活时间得到一定的延长。仿真结果表明,与传统LEACH协议进行对比,LEACH-X协议降低了网络能耗,延长了网络生存时间。关键词:无线传感器网络;LEACH;最优簇首;剩余能量因子;密度因子;距离因子;分区中图分类号:TN92;TP393文献标志码:ADOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.223052中文引用格式:谢佳,张玲华.基于能量均衡高效的LEACH改进算法[J].电子技术应用,2023,49(1):63-68.英文引用格式:XieJia,ZhangLinghua.EfficientLEACHalgorithmbasedonenergyequalization[J].ApplicationofElectronicTechnique,2023,49(1):63-68.EfficientLEACHalgorithmbasedonenergyequalizationXieJia,ZhangLinghua(SchoolofCommunicationandInformationEngineering,NanjingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications,Nanjing210023,China)Abstract:LEACHroutingprotocolisaclassicalclusteringroutingmethodinwirelesssensornetworks.However,inseverelylimitedwirelessnetworks,highpowerconsumptionandshortlifetimeofnodesseriouslyaffectnetworkperformance.Inthispa‐per,animprovedefficientLEACH-Xprotocolbasedonenergybalanceisproposed.Byjoiningtheoptimalnumberofclusterhead,thesurplusenergycorrectionfactorisputforward.Consideringtheresidualenergyofnodes,thenumberofclusterheaddur‐ingtheperiodanddensityfactor,andpartitioningthedeploymentarea,theclusterheadelectionthresholdfunctionismodifiedbyadjustingtheweightofthedistancefactorgainparametersfortheregion.Then,thesecondcompetitionisinprogressandulti‐matelytheclusterheadisselectd,soastoreducetheenergyconsumptionofnodes,thesurvivaltimeofW...