滑膜炎相比,感染性滑膜炎中乳酸盐明显升高(敏感性为89.5%,特异性为77.3%)[11]。由于痛风发作是由关节滑膜上大量的尿酸结晶对WBC产生强烈的趋化作用,致使聚集在关节滑膜上的WBC释放大量炎症介质产生炎症反应,因此,对于通过检测关节液局部白细胞酯酶或IL-6等WBC释放的细胞因子来鉴别假体周围感染和痛风,并不能得出可靠结论。仍需注意的是,一篇系统性回顾分析指出,在全膝关节置换术后诊断的晶体性关节炎中,有13.3%的病例合并有受累关节的急性假体周围感染[12],这种极端情况为诊断和治疗增加了进一步的困难。总之,全膝关节置换术后假体周围痛风发作极为少见,其症状与假体周围感染相似。目前MSIS假体周围感染的诊断标准并不能除外假体周围痛风发作,因此在诊断的标准程序中增加关节液显微镜下晶体检测十分必要,以免造成误诊和不必要的手术。参考文献[1]HoltG,VassC,KumarCS.Acutecrystalarthritismimickingin-fectionaftertotalkneearthroplasty[J].BMJ,2005,331(7528):1322-1323.[2]SalinJW,LombardiAVJr,BerendKR,etal.Acutegoutyar-thropathyaftertotalkneearthroplasty[J].AmJOrthop,2008,37(8):420-422.[3]ZadakaA,GioeT,GertnerE.Acutecrystal-inducedarthritisfol-lowingarthroplasty[J].JKneeSurg,2010,23(1):17-20.[4]ArchibeckMJ,RosenbergAG,SheinkopMB,etal.Gout-inducedarthropathyaftertotalkneearthroplasty:Areportoftwocases[J].ClinOrthopRelatRes,2001(392):377-382.[5]CrawfordL,KumarA,ShepardGJ.Goutysynovitisaftertotalkneearthroplasty:Acasereport[J].JOrthopSurg(HongKong),2007,15(3):384-385.[6]ParviziJ.GehrkeT.InternationalConsensusGrouponPeripros-theticJointInfection.Definitionofperiprostheticjoint[J].JAr-throplasty,2014,29(7):1331.[7]FokterSK,Repse-FokterA.Acutegoutyarthritisinapatientaftertotalkneearthroplasty[J].WienKlinWochenschr,2010,122(11/12):366-367.[8]ChenF,GlezosC,BlumY,etal.Nonsurgicaltreatmentofasep-ticperiprostheticgoutflareoftheknee:Areportof2cases[J].JBJSCaseConnect,2016,6(4):1-5.[9]BuckM,DelaneyM.Diagnosisandmanagementofgoutintotalkneearthroplasty[J].OrthopNurs,2014,33(1):37-40.[10]DeirmengianC,KardosK,Kilm...