Designation:F445−88(Reapproved2009)StandardConsumerSafetySpecificationforThermal-Shock-PreventingDevicesandSystemsinShoweringAreas1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF445;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.INTRODUCTIONThisconsumersafetyspecificationaddressescertainhazardsinconnectionwithshowerareas2andisdirectedtowardthermalshock.Thegeneralrequirementsofthisspecificationareintendedtoestablishamaximumallowabledischargetemperatureandprovideforautomaticcompensationifthattemperatureisexceeded,orlimittemperaturechangesthatarepotentiallydangerous,orboth.Thisspecificationestablishesthenecessaryrequirementstoensuresafetyfromthermalshockduringshoweringforboththenormalusercapacityandlimitedusercapacityofsomeaged,infirm,oryoung.Theserequirementscanbeattainedthroughtheutilizationofdevices,seriesofdevices,orplumbingsystemdesigns,whichareavailableinthemarketplace.Manyofthesedevicesareapplicabletobothnewconstructionandretrofitinstallations.SpecificationsforthereliabilityandtestingofthesedevicesandsystemsareavailableinmostcasesfromsuchorganizationsastheAmericanNationalStandardsInstituteortheAmericanSocietyofSanitaryEngineering.1.Scope1.1Thisconsumersafetyspecificationcoversthermal-shock-preventingdevicesandsystemsdeliveringwatertoshoweringareas.1.2Thisspecificationestablishestheminimumperformancerequirementsforthedevicesandsystemstominimizetherisksassociatedwiththehazardsofthermalshock.1.3Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.ThevaluesgiveninparenthesesaremathematicalconversionstoSIunitsthatareprovidedforinformationonlyandarenotconsideredstandard.2.Terminology2.1checkvalve—valvedesignedtoallowtheflowofwaterinonedirectiononly.2.2device—pieceofequipmentormechanismdesignedtoserveaspecialpurposeorperformaspecialfunction.2.3mixingvalv...
