JournalofASTMInternationalSpecialTechnicalPublicationSTP1508FatigueandFractureMechanics36thVolumeRichardW.NeuKimR.W.WallinStevenR.ThompsonGuestEditorsIncooperationwithESISJournalofASTMInternationalSpecialTechnicalPublicationSTP1508FatigueandFractureMechanics:36thVolumeGuestEditors:RichardW.NeuKimR.W.WallinStevenR.ThompsonASTMInternational100BarrHarborDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959PrintedinU.S.A.ASTMStock#:STP1508LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataISBN:978-0-8031-3416-4ISSN:1040-3094Copyright©2009ASTMInternational,WestConshohocken,PA.Allrightsreserved.Thismaterialmaynotbereproducedorcopied,inwholeorinpart,inanyprinted,mechanical,electronic,film,orotherdistributionandstoragemedia,withoutthewrittenconsentofthepublisher.PhotocopyRightsAuthorizationtophotocopyitemsforinternal,personal,oreducationalclassroomuse,ortheinternal,personal,oreducationalclassroomuseofspecificclients,isgrantedbyASTMInternational(ASTM)providedthattheappropriatefeeispaidtoASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,Tel:610-832-9634;online:http://www.astm.org/copyright.TheSocietyisnotresponsible,asabody,forthestatementsandopinionsexpressedinthispublication.ASTMInternationaldoesnotendorseanyproductsrepresentedinthispublication.PeerReviewPolicyEachpaperpublishedinthisspecialissuewasevaluatedinaccordancewiththeJAIreviewprocess.Thequalityofthepapersinthispublicationreflectsnotonlytheobviouseffortsoftheauthorsandthetechnicaleditors,butalsotheworkofthepeerreviewers.Inkeepingwithlong-standingpublicationpractices,ASTMInternationalmaintainstheanonymityofthepeerreviewers.TheASTMInternationalCommitteeonPublicationsacknowledgeswithappreciationtheirdedicationandcontributionoftimeandeffortonbehalfofASTMInternational.CitationofPapersWhencitingpapersfromthispublication,theappropriatecitationincludesthepaperauthors,‘‘papertitle’’,J.ASTMIntl.,volumeandnumber,PaperID,DOI,ASTMInternational,WestConshohocken,PA,Paper,yearlistedinthefootnotetothepaper.Acitat...