Designation:E3134−17StandardSpecificationforTransportationTunnelStructuralComponentsandPassiveFireProtectionSystems1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE3134;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.INTRODUCTIONFireposesaseriousthreattothestructuralstabilityoftunnelsasshownbyrealfiresintunnelsoverthelastdecade.Thedamageisaseriousthreattolifesafetyandresultsincostlyrepairsandlostservicetime.Thedamageismitigatedwithheat-resistantconcreteandpassivefire-resistivematerialsandsystems.Theresultislimitedspallingofconcrete,limitedstructuraldamageoftheconcreteviacrackstothecoldzone,andlimitedtemperatureincreasesofthereinforcingsteel.Further,thefire-resistivemethodsemployedarealsooptionallyevaluatedagainstcommonenvironmentalexposures,whichcouldadverselyaffecttheperformanceorfire-resistancerating.1.Scope1.1Thisspecificationisapplicabletothefireresistanceofconcretetunnellinings,fire-resistivematerials,andstructuraltunnelmembers.1.2Concretemixdesign,tunnellinings,andpassivefireprotectionmethodsarespecifictoeachtunnelproject.There-foreresultsofthespallingtestareonlyvalidforthespecificmaterialsandsystemsemployedduringeachtest,notwith-standingmaximumandminimumlimitations.1.3Tunnelsarepotentiallyexposedtogroundwater,eventhosepassingthroughelevatedterrain,suchasmountains,roadsalt,andmaintenancesurfacewashing.Considerationshallbegiventopotentialadverseeffectsthatresult,suchasmaterialdegradationduetotheseexposures.1.4Movementjointsshallbeconsideredandtheirimpactontheoverallfireresistanceshallbeassessedbytesting.Testsshallbeconductedasasystem.1.5Thisspecificationdoesnotaddressmechanicalattach-mentmethodsforequipmentduetothevastvarietyofpossiblemethodsandloads.However,considerationshallbegiventomethodsthatappreciablyaffecttheconcretetemperaturedur-ingtheheatingcond...
