Designation:D4677−87(Reapproved2022)StandardClassificationforRubberCompoundingMaterials—TitaniumDioxide1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD4677;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thisclassificationcoversthecompoundingmaterialknownastitaniumdioxide.Itisgenerallyusedinrubbercompoundstoimpartwhitenesstoselectedproducts.Typicalchemicalandphysicalpropertiesareincluded.1.2Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafety,health,andenvironmentalpracticesanddeter-minetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.1.3Thisinternationalstandardwasdevelopedinaccor-dancewithinternationallyrecognizedprinciplesonstandard-izationestablishedintheDecisiononPrinciplesfortheDevelopmentofInternationalStandards,GuidesandRecom-mendationsissuedbytheWorldTradeOrganizationTechnicalBarrierstoTrade(TBT)Committee.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2D185TestMethodsforCoarseParticlesinPigmentsD280TestMethodsforHygroscopicMoisture(andOtherMatterVolatileUndertheTestConditions)inPigmentsD1208TestMethodsforCommonPropertiesofCertainPigmentsD1394TestMethodsforChemicalAnalysisofWhiteTita-niumPigmentsD3720TestMethodforRatioofAnatasetoRutileinTitaniumDioxidePigmentsbyX-RayDiffraction3.SignificanceandUse3.1Titaniumdioxideisusedinrubbercompoundingasacoloranttoimpartwhitenesstoanydesiredendproduct.Itisusedinsidewallsofautomobiletires.3.2ItischemicallyinertandslightlybasicwithapHof7.0to8.0.Thefree-chalking,weatheringpropertiesofanatasetitanium-dioxideprovidea(self-cleaning)whiteappearanceinoutdoorapplications.4.BasisofClassification4.1Titanium-DioxideByTypes:4.1.1TypeI—Anatase,free-chalking.4.1.2TypeII—Rutile,low/mediumchalkresistance.4.1.3TypeIII—Rut...
