ASTM_D_5415_-_95_2012.pdf

Designation:D541595(Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Method forEvaluating Load Containment Performance of Stretch WrapFilms by Vibration Testing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5415;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method is used to evaluate and compare theability of stretch-wrap films to contain unitized loads duringshipping.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD999 Test Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Con-tainers3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsGeneral definitions for packaging and dis-tribution environments are found in Terminology D996.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 amplitudethe maximum value of a sinusoidal quan-tity(zero to peak).3.2.2 resonancea system of forced vibration existingwhen any change,however small,in the frequency of excita-tion causes a decrease in the response of the system.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method is intended to be used mainly as ameans of comparing the performance of stretch-wrap films.Itcan also be used to compare the effectiveness of different wrapcycles with the same wrapping materials.No direct correlationbetween these test results and actual field performance hasbeen established.4.2 This test method simulates the shipping of unitizedloads by way of truck and rail,concentrating on the vibrationelement associated with these modes.Other elements of thedistribution system,such as mechanical handling,are notaddressed specifically in this test method.4.3 This test method establishes a method for rating theperformance of films,but it leaves open to the discretion of theuser the establishment of an acceptable rating for the specificend-use intended.5.Apparatus5.1 Load Wrapping ApparatusA machine or apparatus towrap the test load.The method of wrap application is prefer-ably as near as possible to that used in an actual productionsituation(stretch wrapper or manual wrapping unit).5.2 Vibration TableAvibration testing apparatus conform-ing to Test Methods D999,preferably equipped with thecapability of varying the frequency or amplitude,or both,ofvibration input in a controlled fashion and maintaining a setvibration mode.5.2.1 The table shall be large enough and have a weightcapacity sufficient to hold an entire wrapped shipping unit.5.2.2 The table should have a means for attaching thebottom of the wrapped test unit securely to the table(forexample,threaded holes in the table surface for bolting a palletsecurely to the table).5.3 Accelerometer(optional),to measure the output re-sponse of the test load at various vibration table input frequen-cies.This is the most accurate way of determining the resonantfrequency of the test load.6.Procedure6.1 Prepare the test load.Arrange the units comprising thetest load in layers and stack them in the manner normally usedfor shipping the product.6.2 When the units are normally shipped on pallets,stackthe units on the pallet in the normal manner.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizingand Unitizing of Loads.Current edition approved April 1,2012.Published May 2012.Originallyapproved in 1993.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5415 95(2007).DOI:10.1520/D5415-95R12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.3 When the units are normally shipped on slip sheetswithout pallets,stack the units on slip sheets and affix thebottom layer to the slip sheet in the normal manner(glue,hotmelt adhesive,and adhesion promoter).The slip sheet shouldhave been fixed previously to a pallet surface to provide ameans of securing the load to the vibration table.6.4 Wrap the test load with the stretch-wrap film at apredetermined percent stretch and wrap cycle.6.5 Allow the wrapped load to stand undisturbed for aminimum of 16 h before testing.This gives the stress retentionforces in the stretched wrapping material time to equilibrate.6.6 Place the test load on the vibration table and secure itfirmly in place.6.7 Perform a frequency sweep,and determine the resonantfrequency of the entire wr