Designation:E2282−14(Reapproved2019)AnAmericanNationalStandardStandardGuideforDefiningtheTestResultofaTestMethod1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE2282;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thepurposeofthisguideistoprovideguidelinesforidentifyingtheelementsthatcomprisethetestresultofatestmethodandtoillustratehowtheseelementscombineintothetestresult.1.2Typesofmeasurementscalesusedforexpressingobser-vationsandtestresultsarediscussed.1.3Nosystemofunitsisspecifiedinthisstandard.1.4Thisinternationalstandardwasdevelopedinaccor-dancewithinternationallyrecognizedprinciplesonstandard-izationestablishedintheDecisiononPrinciplesfortheDevelopmentofInternationalStandards,GuidesandRecom-mendationsissuedbytheWorldTradeOrganizationTechnicalBarrierstoTrade(TBT)Committee.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2E177PracticeforUseoftheTermsPrecisionandBiasinASTMTestMethodsE456TerminologyRelatingtoQualityandStatistics2.2ISOStandard:3ISO3534–2Statistics—VocabularyandSymbols,Part2:AppliedStatistics3.Terminology3.1Definitions—ForamoreextensivelistoftermsinE11standards,refertoTerminologyE456.3.1.1binaryscale,n—nominalscalewithonlytwopossiblecategories.3.1.2characteristic,n—apropertyofitemsinasampleorpopulationwhich,whenmeasured,countedorotherwiseobserved,helpstodistinguishbetweentheitems.3.1.3intervalscale,n—continuousscaleordiscretescalewithequalsizedscalevaluesandanarbitraryzero.ISO3534–23.1.4nominalscale,n—scalewithunorderedlabeledcat-egoriesororderedbyconvention.ISO3534–23.1.5observation,n—theprocessofobtaininginformationregardingthepresenceorabsenceofanattributeofatestspecimen,orofmakingareadingonacharacteristicordimensionofatestspecimen.3.1.5.1Discussion—Observationisalsoassociatedwiththeattributeormeasurementinformationobtainedfromthe...
