第一篇：2018翻硕考研热词全面汇集

2018翻硕考研热词全面汇集

宣誓就职 take the oath of office

选举人团 Electoral College

赢者通吃 winner-take-all

航天强国 major power in space

航天大国 major player in space

闺蜜 close confidante

尖端技术 cutting-edge technologies

戒毒康复中心 drug rehabilitation center

商业化运作 commercialized operations

社交软件 social networking software

食源性疾病 food-borne disease

心理健康干预 mental health intervention

排污费 pollutant discharge fee

无污染燃料 pollution-free fuel

海洋权益 maritime interests and rights

维护海洋安全 safeguard maritime security

自知者英，自胜者雄。Heroes are those who know themselves and can overcome their own difficulties.水能载舟，亦能覆舟。Water can carry a boat, it can also overturn it.廉洁奉公 fulfill duties honestly

全方位发展 full-range development

有利于商业交流的配套设施和服务 business-friendly supporting facilities and services

贫困县全部摘帽 eliminate poverty in all poverty-stricken counties

加大对困难群众的精准帮扶力度 provide stronger and more-targeted support to those living in difficulty

普惠金融 financial inclusion

公司治理结构 corporate governance structure

国有资产保值增值 preserve or increase the value of state assets

政治上高度互信，经济上互利双赢 deep political trust and win-win economic cooperation

两国风雨同舟、守望相助。Our two countries have stood together and supported each other.长征精神 the Long March spirit

坦诚的交流 candid exchanges

永久载人空间站 permanent manned space station

家财险 family property insurance

货币市场基金 money market fund

电商小额信贷 E-commerce micro credit

股权众筹 equity-based crowdfunding

P2P网络借贷 peer-to-peer online lending

神舟十一号飞船 the Shenzhou XI manned spacecraft

就业优先战略 jobs first strategy

男女平等基本国策 basic state policy of gender equality

人人参与、人人尽力、人人享有 Everyone participates, makes a contribution, and shares in the benefits.货到付款 cash on delivery

购物车 shopping cart

统计造假 fake statistics/fraudulent data/manufactured statistics

脱贫工作责任制 poverty alleviation responsibility system

资产收益扶持制度 support through returns on asset investments

综合和分类相结合的个人所得税制 personal income tax based on a combination of adjusted gross income and specific types of income

深入交换意见 exchange in-depth views

公款旅游(tourist)junket

电视真人秀明星 reality TV star

职工养老保险个人账户制度 personal pension accounts for workers

渐进式延迟退休年龄政策 policy of gradually raising the retirement age

个人学习账号和学分累计制度 personal learning accounts and credit accumulation system

企业新型学徒制 new apprenticeship

就业失业统计指标体系 statistical indicators for employment and unemployment

普惠性幼儿园 public interest kindergarten

电子签名 electronic signature

农村土地流转 rural land transfer

积分落户制度 points system for/merit-based household registration system

做到短期政策和中长期政策并重，需求侧管理和供给侧改革并重 place equal importance on both short-term and mid-to-long term policies, on both demand-side management and supply-side reform

面对当前挑战，我们应该创新发展方式，挖掘增长动能。In the face of these challenges, we should break a new path for growth and generate new growth momentum.500米口径球面射电望远镜 Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope(FAST)

射电望远镜 radio telescope

光学望远镜 optical telescope

求同存异、聚同化异seek common ground while shelving and narrowing differences

知行合一honor commitment and take practical actions

行胜于言Actions speak louder than words.基因信息数据库 genetic information database

多人在线竞技游戏 multiplayer online battle arena/MOBA game

对话伙伴国 dialogue partner

通过创新、结构性改革、新工业革命、数字经济等新方式，为世界经济开辟新道路，拓展新边界 break a new path and expand new frontier for world economy to innovation, structural reform, new industrial revolution and the development of the digital economy 做到短期政策和中长期政策并重 place equal importance on both short-term and mid-to-long-term policies

摩拜单车 Mobike

公租自行车服务 public bike rental service

消费性电子产品 consumer electronics

联勤保障部队 joint logistics support force

10+3机制 ASEAN+3 mechanism

电子竞技 electronic sports/e-sports

宏观审慎政策 macro-prudential policy

好莱坞星光大道 Hollywood Walk of Fame

机动车排放标准 vehicle emissions standards

跨境电子贸易规则 cross-border electronic trade(e-trade)rules

全球价值链 global value chains(GVCs)

实施连贯一致的税收政策，促进包容性增长 adopt consistent and aligned tax policies to drive inclusive growth 二十国集团是全球经济治理的主要平台。G20 is a major platform for global economic governance.电动滑板车 electric scooter

绿色金融 green finance

生态环境损害赔偿制度 environmental damage compensation system

事业单位改革 reform of public institutions

公共文化设施 public cultural facilities

聚焦发展 Focus on development

集众智、聚合力 Pool wisdom, form synergy

谋大势、做实事 Act with a broad vision, deliver concrete outcomes

投资诈骗 investment fraud

诊断试验 diagnostic test

全民健身活动 public fitness activities

民间借贷 private lending

抗震能力 earthquake resistance capacity

“港人治港”The people of Hong Kong govern Hong Kong.通关一体化 customs integration

统筹国内国际两个大局 keep in mind both the domestic and international situations

国际产能和装备制造合作 international cooperation on production capacity and equipment manufacturing

共商共建共享原则 the principle of achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration

海外利益保护体系 protection of Chinese interests overseas

开放型经济新体制 new systems for developing an open economy

“两岸一家亲”。People on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are all of one family.国内漫游费 domestic roaming charges

量子卫星 quantum satellite

国务资政 state counselor

量子卫星 quantum satellite

国务资政 state counselor

房产税 housing property tax

僵尸企业 zombie companies/firms/businesses

化解房地产库存 de-stocking inventories

去产能 deal with overcapacities

资金支持 financial backing

敏锐头脑 a keen mind

经商头脑 a business brain

载人宇宙飞船 manned spaceship

奥运会徽 Olympic Emblem

出租车份子钱 taxi franchise fees

东道主 host country

旗手 flag-bearer

奥运代表团 Olympic delegation

奥林匹克休战 Olympic Truce

主播实名制 real-name system for live streaming hosts

网络视频直播 live video streaming

全面二孩政策 universal/overall two-child policy

下岗潮 layoff wave

亏损企业 enterprise running at a loss/money-losing firm/loss-making company

网络约车 online car-hailing services

专车 tailored taxi service

耕地轮作休耕制度 crop rotation and fallow system

近零碳排放区示范工程 initiative to demonstrate near-zero carbon emissions zones

领导干部自然资源资产离任审计 audit outgoing officials’ natural resource asset management

省以下环保机构监测监察执法垂直管理制度 system whereby environmental protection agencies below the provincial level come directly under the supervision of their respective provincial-level agencies in terms of environmental inspection and monitoring 工业污染源全面达标排放计划 initiative to ensure that all industrial polluters comply with discharge standards

用能权、用水权、排污权、碳排放权初始分配制度 initial allocation system for energy, water, pollution, and carbon permits

全民节能行动计划 Nation of Energy Savers Initiative

循环发展引领计划 initiative to guide the shift toward circular development

绿色金融 green finance

绿色低碳循环发展产业体系 industrial system geared toward green, low-carbon, and circular development

重点生态功能区 important ecological area(IEA)

国家生态文明试验区 national ecological conservation pilot zone

资源节约型、环境友好型社会resource-conserving, environmentally friendly society

美丽中国建设Beautiful China Initiative

人与自然和谐共生 harmony between humankind and nature

“大水漫灌”式的强刺激 indiscriminate strong stimulus

增长友好型政策 growth-friendly policies

引领性、颠覆性新技术、新工具、新材料 new technologies, new tools and new materials, which are of pace-setting and transformational significance

解决世界经济深层次矛盾和问题，既要加强需求管理，又要着力推进结构性改革，以消除“病灶”。To address the deep-seated problems in the world economy, we need to both strengthen demand management and advance structural reform to eliminate the root causes that trigger problems.极简主义 minimalism

学术不端 academic misconduct

全科医生 general practitioner

常设仲裁法院 Permanent Court of Arbitration(PCA)

山寨应用 fake app

争端解决程序 dispute settlement procedures

游戏瘾 game addiction

南海问题 the South China Sea issue

仲裁庭 arbitral tribunal

溯本清源，以正视听 get to the root of the issue and set the record straight.海洋划界 maritime delimitation

国际社会广泛承认 widely acknowledged in the international community

海洋权益 maritime rights and interests

历史和法理依据 historical or legal basis

年度新闻人物 newsmaker of the year

标题党 sensational headline writer

网络虚假新闻online fake news

定向调控 targeted regulation and control

背离或放弃马克思主义，我们党就会失去灵魂、迷失方向。If we deviated from or abandoned Marxism，our Party would lose its soul and direction.不忘初心 stay true to the mission taken up by the CPC 95 years ago

No matter how far we will travel and to whatever bright future, we should not forget what we have done and why we set out to do it.走得再远、走到再光辉的未来，也不能忘记走过的过去，不能忘记为什么出发。

One who wants to stride ahead should not forget the path that was trodden.一切向前走，都不能忘记走过的路。

Only by marching forward with history will there be a bright future.只有与历史同步伐、与时代共命运的人，才能赢得光明的未来。

History will march forward and will not wait for the hesitant, bystanders, slackers or the weak.历史总是要前进的，历史从不等待一切犹豫者、观望者、懈怠者、软弱者。

CPC members and the Chinese people are fully confident of providing a Chinese solution to mankind's exploration of better social systems.中国共产党人和中国人民完全有信心为人类对更好社会制度的探索提供中国方案。

脱欧公投 Brexit referendum

审判流程 trial procedures

法律程序 legal procedures 行政诉讼 administrative proceedings

动画电影animated movie

集成芯片 integrated chip

浮点运算速度 flop operating speed, flops

互联网金融产品 Internet financial products

双创人才 innovative and entrepreneurial talent

积分落户指标体系 merit-based household registration system

毕业论文Graduation Thesis/Dissertation

毕业信物Graduation Keepsakes

毕业宴/派对Graduation Dinner/Party

commencement/graduation speech 毕业演讲

毕业典礼Commencement/Graduation Ceremony

学位服Cap and Gown

龙卷风（tornado）、台风（typhoon）、干旱（drought）

强降雨（torrential rain/heavy rainfall）、冰雹（hailstorm）

高温热浪（heat wave）、寒潮（cold wave/cold snap）

实际控球时间 actual playing time, 控球率 possession percentage

实际控球时间 actual playing time, 控球率 possession percentage

乌龙球 own goals

黄牌 yellow card, 红牌 red card

越位 offside

点球 penalty kick 任意球 free kick

角球 corner kick

犯规 fouls committed

进球数 goals scored

射门 shots, 球门范围内射门 shots on goal

相知无远近，万里尚为邻。Good friends feel close even when they are thousands of miles apart.患难见真情。True friendship stands out in difficult times.相知无远近，万里尚为邻。Good friends feel close even when they are thousands of miles apart.患难见真情。True friendship stands out in difficult times.同舟共济、携手合作、共同应对 work together through intensified cooperation.法外之地 a lawless frontier

药检 doping test

讨债人 debt collector

住房补贴 housing allowance

街头斗殴 street fight

个人对个人借贷 P2P(peer-to-peer)lending

做空者 short-seller

救市政策 measures to shore up the markets

停牌 suspend share trading

国家自主创新示范区 national innovation demonstration zone

创业创新服务业 innovation and business startup service industry 创新驱动、质量为先、绿色发展、结构优化、人才为本 be innovation-driven, emphasize quality over quantity, achieve green development, optimize the structure of Chinese industry, and nurture human talent

云计算 cloud computing

智能制造 intelligent manufacturing

枪击事件 mass shooting

国家新兴产业创业投资引导基金 National Venture Capital Guide Fund for Emerging Industries

投贷联动试点 trial of debt-equity combination financing

人民币汇率市场化形成机制 market-based RMB exchange rate regime

全口径外债宏观审慎管理 unified macroprudential management of external debt

激励机制和容错纠错机制 mechanisms to provide incentives and allow for and rectify errors “双随机、一公开”监管 oversight through inspections by randomly selected inspectors of randomly selected entities and the public release of inspection results 医疗、医保、医药联动改革 coordinated healthcare, health insurance, and pharmaceutical reforms

机关事业单位养老保险制度改革 reform of the pension system for government and public institution employees

综合经济竞争力 comprehensive economic competitiveness

非处方药 over-the-counter(OTC)medicines

自驾游 self-driving tour

“互联网+政务服务” Internet Plus government services

国家基本公共服务项目清单 national list of basic public services

全面战略伙伴 a comprehensive strategic partner

人杰地灵，山川秀美，人文历史底蕴深厚 be known for picturesque landscape, rich cultural heritage and talented people

等额选举 single-candidate election

差额选举 competitive election

城市快速公交 Bus Rapid Transit(BRT)

快速高架公交 Transit Elevated Bus(TEB)

数字经济 the digital economy

人工智能、物联网和3D打印 artificial intelligence, IOT and three-dimensional printing

网络空间不是“法外之地“。Cyberspace is by no means a lawless frontier.当今世界，网络和现实紧密联结。The world today, whether online or offline, is a network of both visual and physical reality.反家暴 anti-domestic violence

”中国制造“的产品 ”made-in-China“ products

输出消费 outbound consumption

时尚达人 fashionista

磁悬浮列车 maglev train

市郊往返列车/通勤列车 commuter train

品牌效应 brand effect

精准扶贫 targeted poverty alleviation

知识产权强国IPR powerhouse

与地方事权和支出责任划分define the respective powers and spending responsibilities of the central and local governments

司法救助 judicial aid

“一站式”诉讼服务 one-stop litigation service 区间调控、定向调控、相机调控 range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation

稳中求进工作总基调 seeking progress while working to keep performance stable

准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度 the pre-establishment national treatment plus negative list system

摩天轮 ferris wheel

政府法律顾问制度 system of government legal advisors

过山车 roller coaster

游乐园 amusement park

旋转木马 merry-go-round

主题公园 theme park

商标许可 trademark license

商标权人 trademark owner

应急物资 emergency supplies

政府储备粮 government grain reserve

定价机制 pricing mechanism

上下同欲者胜。Success comes to those who share in one purpose.为政之道，民生为本。That government is best which gives prime place to the wellbeing of the people.L型走势 L-shaped growth

竞价排名 paid listing

中国特色大国外交理念 the philosophy underpinning China’s diplomacy as a major country

工匠精神 spirit of craftsmanship

发展新动能 new driver of growth

去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板 address overcapacity, reduce inventory, deleverage, lower costs, and bolster areas of weakness

娱乐活动直播 live entertainment

在线游戏直播 online games

购物欺诈 shopping scams

网络诈骗 internet fraud

信用卡诈骗 credit card fraud

快车 fast ride

顺风车 ride sharing

专车 tailored taxi service

本土物种 indigenous/native species

非营利组织 nonprofit organization

宏观经济走向 macro-economic trend

经济犯罪侦查警察 police of economic crime investigation;公共信息网络安全监察专业警察Internet police;禁毒警察 anti-drug police;警务督察 police supervisor

巡逻警察 patrol police;.外事警察 foreign affairs police;

境外非政府组织 overseas non-governmental organizations

治安警察 public security police;户籍警察 household registration police;刑事犯罪侦查警察 criminal police;交通警察 traffic police

1Election anxiety：大选焦虑

2Locker room talk：更衣室谈话

3Man date：男男约会 4Manplaining：男人说教

5Slipery slop：滑坡效应

6Teletrash：脑残节目

7Smiling depression：微笑抑郁

1Tofurkey ：豆腐火鸡

2Hangover bar：宿醉酒吧

3Infomania：资讯癖

4Smirting：借火搭讪

5Silver splitter ：银发离婚者

6House Money Effect：赌场盈利效应

1Nerdistan：高新技术区

2Office creeper：办公室窃贼

3Civic journalism/public journalism：公民新闻/公众新闻

4Sleep camels：睡眠骆驼

5Houseblinging：假日房屋装饰/装扮

6Domestic blindness：寻物眼盲症

7HOV lane/carpool lane/diamond lane/ transit lane：拼车专用道

1Glocalization ：全球本土化

2Relationship sabbaticals：恋情休假 3Mystery shopping：神秘购物

4Baby hunger：要娃狂

5Face bra ：脸部内衣

6Pet hubby：宠物男

7Friends with possibilities：可以成为朋友的关系

1high five selfie：击掌自拍

2volunteer tourism/voluntourism：公益旅行

3Freeganism：免费素食主义

4Locationship：旅途恋情

5Sponsored weddings ：赞助婚礼

6Donorcycle：捐献摩托

7BookCrossing：图书漂流

1Surgiholic：整形狂人

2Politainer：政坛艺人

3Overtime dogs：加班狗

4Toxic friendship: 有毒朋友

5Zombie cars：僵尸车

6Leisure guilt：休假愧疚心理

7Hidden hunger : 隐性饥饿

1Andropause：男性更年期

2time famine：时间饥荒/time affluence：时间富裕

3Kitchen pass：外出许可

4New guy gene: 新人基因

5Cringe attack：羞愧综合症

6Parisian pass：巴黎式借过法

7Hump day：驼峰日

1behave British：作人太英国人

2glass floor：职场地板

3productive procrastination：有效拖延

4Arrow to the knee：膝盖中枪

5one-upper：压人一头

6transition friend：（两朋友的）中间人

7sudden wealth syndrome ：暴富综合征

1Phantom offer：幽灵出价

2wallet-neuropathy: 钱包神经病变

3cobra effect：眼镜蛇效应

4architectural myopia: 建筑短视

5dumpster fire：垃圾箱着火，没得救

6computer-induced agraphia:电脑失写症

7couplie：晒恩爱

1success diaster：成功灾难

2shampaign: 虚假宣传

3elimination diet：食物排除疗法

4fauxmance：（为炒作而）捏造恋情

5alien abductions：外星人绑架

6bachelor wash:单身汉清洗法

7Uberization：优步化

1planned obsolescence/built-in obsolescence：计划性淘汰

2Pokémon paranoia: 口袋精灵妄想症

3blind liker：盲目点赞党

4stupid O'clock：愚蠢时段

5toilet mummy：马桶木乃伊

6Kinesophobia:运动恐惧症/Kathisophobia:静坐恐惧症/Aichmophobia:恐尖症（尖器恐惧症）/Amaxophobia:乘车恐惧症/Ailurophobia:恐猫症/Agoraphobia:广场恐惧症/Iatrophobia:医生恐惧症/Trypophobia:密集恐惧症

7weekend lag：周末时差

1Lunch phobia：午饭恐惧症/meat pal：饭友

2Reset generation：重启一代/IPOD(Insecure, Pressured, Over-taxed and Debt-ridden（负债累累）)generation: IPOD一代

3Dad jokes：老爸的笑话

4life hack：生活妙招

5Alta man：阿尔塔男/暖男

1the funemployed：失业快乐族

2party promise：派对诺言/聚会上的约定

3freshman 15：学生上大学体重增加；holiday pounds: 假期胖子；Generation XL: 超重的一代/超大码的

4clockless worker: 过劳族； clock-watcher:看表族

5juniorzation: 年轻化

1Naysayer: 摇头族；Yaysayer: 点头族；Meh-sayer: 随便族

2set-jetting：影视主题游；screen tourism: 屏幕游

3game face: 比赛脸； death stare: 死亡瞪

4stress puppy: 压力汪； stresscalation: 压力延伸

5parkour: 跑酷；freerunning: 自由飞跃

1prequaintance: 没见过面的熟人/acquaintance: 熟人/framily: 亲如家人的朋友

2humblebrag：谦虚自夸/Underbrag：自黑

3Duvet day:偷懒假/Heartache leave: 失恋假

4Alpha wife: 阿尔法老婆/ Trophy wife: 花瓶老婆/Lever women:杠杆女

5thrisis：成年危机

6JOMO(joy of missing out)：错失的乐趣

7Bar-code hairstyle: 条形码发型

1Weekend effect：周末效应

2Biological clock porce：生物钟离婚 3Arsenic hour:砒霜时间

4Yo-yo dieting: 溜溜球节食法

5Hotness hypnosis：辣妹催眠

6boytox period：爱情空窗休整期

7squeezed middle : 受挤压的中产阶级

1gender fluid：流性人

2Mizu Shingen Mochi：雨滴饼/信玄水麻糬

3choice anxiety: 选择焦虑症

4unboxing开箱晒单

5corpse hotel: 遗体旅馆

6street score：街边偶得

7cold finger：冷手指

1doomerangers：离婚返巢族

2silver surfer：银发上网族

3professional wardrone organizer:“懒人衣柜”整理师

4brownout：(职场)动力减退

5jump value：跳槽价值

6Paris syndrome：哈巴黎症

7（homework）cheat chain：抄作业链

8ladette：假小子

9drum driving：打鼓式驾驶

1economics of running: 跑步经济

2soap grafting：肥皂嫁接

3percussive maintenance：敲打式维护

4kippers(kids in parents' pockets eroding retirement savings）：“奇葩族”（蚕食父母退休金的孩子）

5vulgarity gap：粗俗代沟

6Little black dress：小黑裙

7eye candy：养眼花瓶

1anti-social networking: 反社交网络

2baby lag: 宝贝时差

3Desk staging：桌面装忙

4blamestorming：批评风暴

5directionally-challenged：没有方面感

6Digital dementia：数码痴呆症

1boyfriend/girlfriend drop:扔男/女朋友

2LOL theory: LOL理论

3Low Battery Anxiety：低电量焦虑症

4serial returner：连环退货族

5girlfriend voice：女友专用调

6travel itch：旅游痒

6wardrobe malfunction：走光

1cubicle etiquette(cubiquette):工位礼仪

2decision fatique: 决策疲劳

3wardrobe rage：衣橱怒

4gift-giving anxiety: 送礼焦虑症

5time poverty(money-rich, time-poor)：有钱无闲/time-rich, money poor: 有闲无钱

6singlism：单身歧视

7desk psychology：办公桌心理

8sympathy seeker：求安慰帖

/praise seeker:求赞帖

９designated drunk：代喝酒人

/designated driver: 派对司机

/beer compass: 断片指南针

1重型运载火箭：heavy-lifet carrier rocket 资产泡沫：asset bubble/债务风险：debt risks

3个人信息：personal information

4歼-20隐形战机：J-20 stealth fighter jet

5医疗机构和人力资源服务：medical institutes and human-resource services

6理财型保险：wealth management insurance 远光灯：full-beam headlights/high beams/近光灯：dipped beams/low beams

8卵子黑市：underground market for human eggs

9闺蜜干政：confidante suspected of intervening into state affairs

1党内监督：intra-Party supervision 永远在路上：Corruption Fight Is Always Underway

3国产航母：domestically manufactured aircraft carrier

4第二次污染源普查：second national census of pollution sources

5高收入人群：high-income group

6金融科技：financial technology/fintech

7爬树课程 tree-climbing course

8滑稽表情抱枕：”Funny“ emoji-based bolsters

1用意志和勇气谱写的人类史诗：human epic composed of will and courage/人类为追求真理和光明而不懈努力的伟大史诗：an epic of mankind's unremitting efforts to pursue truth and brightness 自动对接：automatic docking

3流动人口：migrant population

4互联网保险：online insurance

5冰雪项目：ice and snow sports

6拐骗儿童：to traffick children/致人残疾：maiming/毁容：disfiguring/囚禁:keep sb.captive

7雾霾净化塔: smog free tower

8双边关系的全面改善：full improvement of bilateral ties

1统计造假：Fake statistics/fraudulent data/manufactured statistics P2P网络借贷：peer-to-peer online lending/股权众筹：equity-based crowdfunding/通过互联网开展资产管理及跨界从事金融业务：cross-border financial and asset-management services on the Internet/第三方支付：third-party payment/互联网金融领域广告:Internet finance advertising

3亿万富豪财富代际移交：inter-generational billionaire wealth transfer

4涂鸦：graffiti，具体的行为可能包括：scribble/ scrawl（乱写）、scratch（乱刻）、doodle（乱画）

5分享冰箱：share fridge/食物银行：food bank

6下一任联合国秘书长：next Secretary-General of the UN

7电池爆炸 :exploding batteries/召回：recall/全面停售: stop all sales

8闪崩：flash crash

1中央全面深化改革领导小组：a central leading team for ”comprehensively deepening reform,l879y7bvh 500米口径球面射电望远镜： Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope(FAST)

3故宫：Palace Museum/紫禁城：the Forbidden City/断虹桥：the Broken Rainbow Bridge/十八槐古迹：the Eighteen Ancient Pagoda Trees 4鸽子房/鸽笼房/蜗居: pigeonhole/胶囊公寓：capsule apartment/柜族：cupboard tribe/蛋屋：egg house

5网购退货办法草案：draft refund policy for online shopping

6俄罗斯冰激凌热：Russian ice cream craze

7免费退货政策：free-of-charge return policy/free refunding policy

1联合国大会：theUN General Assembly/联大一般性辩论：the general debate of the UNGA/联合国难移民和持续发展问题会议：the UN conferences on refugees, immigration and on sustainable development.农业户口：rural hukou/宅基地：homestead

3“海上联合防卫行动”：joint maritime defense operation

4电信诈骗：telecom fraud/scam/受难群众：fraud victim

5电子证据：electronic evidence

6冲绿灯：running the green light/冲黄灯：running the yellow light

7免费退货政策：free-of-charge return policy/free refunding policy

8幽灵车：ghost ride/幽灵司机：ghost driver

8和平分手：peaceful porce/不可调和分歧irreconcilable differences

1联勤保障部队：joint logistic unit “天宫二号”空间实验室：Tiangong-2 space lab

3国家基因库：national gene bank/pool

4空铁列车：sky train

5提取服务费：service fees for cash withdrawals

6超强台风：super typhoon

7自行车出租服务：bike rental service/bike-lending service

8放生：life-releasing/life release

1《杭州共识》：Hangzhou Consensus 东盟10+3机制/ASEAN 10+3 mechanism/务实合作：practical cooperation

3隐性饥饿：hidden hunger

4机遇之都：cities of opportunities

5寨卡风险：Zika risk

6电子竞技运动与管理：electronic competitive sports and management

1狂人按照时间表路线图推进改革：established timetable and road map

2G20机制：the G20 framework

3自贸试验区：pilot free trade zone

4环境保护税法：environmental protection tax law

5电动滑板车：electric scooter

6电信诈骗：telecom fraud

7奥斯卡终身成就奖：lifetime-achievement Oscars

8CEO培训班：CEO course

9罢黜总统：removal from office/removed from office

1奥林匹克精神（the Olympic spirit）：相互了解、友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神（mutual understanding with a spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play）

2量子实验卫星：quantum experiment satellite

3国内漫游费：domestic roaming charges

4补发工资：backdated salary/丧葬抚恤金：consolation payment/医疗费：medical fees/抚恤金：relief money

5北京镑：Beijing pound/中国购物狂：Chinsumer/行走的钱包：walking wallets

6铁榔头：iron hammer

7国务资政：state counselor

1升错国旗：raise flawed national flag

2重跑：re-run/get a second shot

3取消资格：be disqualified

4倒票：ticket scalping/票务垄断:form a cartel)/非法营销：illicit marketing

5奥运网红：Olympic Internet sensation

6比赛脸：game face

1局点：game point;赛点：match point

2蚊帐：bed net;拔罐：cupping

3种子选手：seeded player;头号种子选手：top seed;种子队伍：seeded team

4洪荒之力：prehistorical power

5破纪录：break/smash/rewrite/shatter the world record；平纪录：equal the world record

6民用航空安全：civil aviation safety

7首金：first gold medal, first medal

1海上司法主权：martime jurisdiction

2奥林匹克休战：Olympic Truce

3新增：include, add 极限运动：extreme sports

4热带气旋：tropical cyclone

5二维码：QR code

6巡游揽客: cruise on the street for customers

7停止工作：cease operation

1叫车应用：car-hailing app/出租车叫车服务：taxi-hailing service/专车：tailored taxi service/顺风车：ride sharing/快车：fast ride

2基因编辑技术：gene-editing technique/规律成簇的间隔短回文重复：Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)

3“高烤”天气：barbecue heat

4酷热：sizzling/severe heat/烈日、骄阳：scorching sun/炎炎夏日：blistering summer day/灼热的太阳：torrid sun

5二孩经济：second-child economy/婴儿市场：baby-care market

6女总统候选人: femail presidential candidate

7核心互联网业务：core Internet business

1积水路段（“积水潭”）：waterlogged road sections

2学术不端行为：academic misconduct

3人乳头状瘤病毒疫苗：Human papillomavirus（HPV）

4电影版权：film right/现实增强游戏：augmented reality game, AR game

5中式数学教育：Chinese method of maths teaching/英式数学教育：British method of maths teaching

6意向性投票: straw poll/不记名投票：secret ballot

7田径禁赛：athletics ban

1《中国坚持通过谈判解决中国与菲律宾在南海的有关争议》白皮书：white paper of China Adheres to the Position of Settling Through Negotiation the Relevant Disputes Between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea

2一专多能：versatile teacher

3断奶：be weaned from milk

4同胞竞争障碍症：sibling rivalry disorder

5北京瘫：Beijing repose

6恐怖袭击：terror attack/紧急状态：state of emergency

1不忘初心：stay true to the mission

2国内生产总值核算：GDP calculation

3抢险救灾任务：perform flood relief work

4打击网络虚假新闻：crack down on online fake news

5冻酸奶：frozen yogurt/fro-yo

6blind date lie：相亲谎言

7ROM brain：死脑筋

1中国共产党建党95周年：the 95th anniversary of the founding of CPC

2民法典: civil code

3南海仲裁案裁决：an award on the South China Sea case

4长征七号运载火箭：the Long March 7 carrier rocket

5双创人才：innovative and entrepreneurial talent

6千禧一代：millennials

7冻胚胎移植：frozen embryo transfer

8（梅西）退出国家队：quit/retired from national team

1（经济）L型走势：L-shaped growth

2上海迪士尼乐园：Shanghai Disneyland

3业务转型：business model shift

4在线视频直播：live video streaming/主播：hostee

5门票：charge admission fee

6导游自由执业：freelance tour guide

7校园欺凌：school bullying

8单间隔断: partition

9弹劾：impeachment/停职：suspension or suspend

1龙卷风/冰雹：tornado and hailstorm

2塑胶跑道: synthetic racetracks/有毒操场：toxic sport ground

3A股纳入MSCI：China A-shares inclusion proposal to MSCI/金融改革：financial reform

4公务接待：official banquets/酒桌文化: drinking culture

5校园贷:campus loan/无担保、无抵押，当日放款：no guarantee, no collateral, loan granted on the day of application

6G20蓝：G20 blue/防治空气污染规划：plans to restrict air pollution

7英国脱欧/Brexit，Brixit/芬兰退欧：fixit

8(产品)大卖：smash hit

1宏观经济政策：macroeconomic policy/投资协议:investment treaty/工业产能过剩: industrial overcapacity/贸易纠纷: trade disputes

2中国制造2015: Made in China 2015/工业4.0: Industry 4.0

3困境儿童：children in difficulty

4无人机紧急救援队：unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)emergency rescue team

5宜居城市: livable city

6大规模枪击案: Mass shooting

7严重暴力冲突: mayhem

1Ｇ20峰会倒计时100天: 100-day coutdown to the G20 summit

2价格改革:pricing reform

3不文明行为： inappropriate public manners

4预装：ship/pre-install

5种族歧视：racial discrimination

６家庭暴力: domestic violence／spousal support:配偶赡养费

６管教孩子：child discipline

1快速高架公交: Transit Elevated Bus

2防止作弊: fight cheating

3地面臭氧：ground-level ozone

4行邮税：postal article tax

5付费网络直播：live webcast

1安珀警戒:AMBER Alert

2铁路运行图：railway operating plan

3诉讼调解中心：mediation and litigation center

4驾照考试改革：reform of issuing driving license

5空难：plane crash/aviation accident

1（经济）L型走势：L-shaped growth

2上海迪士尼乐园：Shanghai Disneyland

3业务转型：business model shift

4在线视频直播：live video streaming/主播：hostee

5门票：charge admission fee

6导游自由执业：freelance tour guide

7校园欺凌：school bullying

8单间隔断: partition

9弹劾：impeachment/停职：suspension or suspend

1盐业体制改革方案：reform plan for the salt industry system

2竞价排名：paid list practice

3窄带物联网:Narrow Band Internet of Things, NB-IoT

4购物欺诈：shopping scam

5叫车司机劫杀乘客：hailing-carjacking

6奇葩公司名：bizarre company name

7退选：exit/drop out of/pull out of

第二篇：翻硕热词及复习建议

预约券 reservation ticket

下午茶 high tea

微博 Microblog/ Tweets

裸婚 naked wedding

亚健康 sub-health

平角裤 boxers

愤青 young cynic

灵魂伴侣 soul mate

小白脸 toy boy

精神出轨 soul infidelity

人肉搜索 flesh search

剩女 3S lady（single，seventies,stuck）/left girls

山寨 copycat

异地恋 long-distance relationship

性感妈妈 yummy mummy 钻石王老五 diamond bachelor 时尚达人 fashion icon

上相的,上镜头的 photogenic 学术界 academic circle 哈证族 certificate maniac 偶像派 idol type

住房公积金 housing funds

熟女 cougar（源自电影Cougar Club）

挑食者 picky-eater 伪球迷 fake fans 紧身服 straitjacket 团购 group buying

奉子成婚 shotgun marriage 婚前性行为 premarital sex 炫富 flaunt wealth

决堤 breaching of the dike 上市 list share

赌球 soccer gambling 桑拿天 sauna weather 自杀 Dutch act

假发票 fake invoice

金砖四国 BRIC countries 笑料 laughing stock

泰国香米 Thai fragrant rice

学历造假 fabricate academic credentials 泄洪 release flood waters

狂热的 gaga eg: I was gaga over his deep blue eyes when I first set eyes on him 防暑降温补贴 high temperature subsidy

暗淡前景 bleak prospects

文艺爱情片 chick flick

惊悚电影 slasher flick

房奴车奴 mortgage slave

上课开小差 zone out

万事通 know-it-all

毕业典礼 commencement

散伙饭 farewell dinner

毕业旅行 after-graduation trip

节能高效的 fuel-efficient

具有时效性的 time-efficient

死记硬背 cramming

很想赢 be hungry for success

面子工程 face job

指甲油 nail varnish

射手榜 top-scorer list

学历门槛 academic threshold 王牌主播 mainstay TV host 招牌菜 signature dishes 非正常死亡 excess death 影视翻拍 plays reshooting

四大文学名著 the four masterpieces of literature 城市热岛效应 urban heat island effect

逃学 play hooky, 装病不上班 play hooky from work 一线城市 first-tier cities

高考 the National College Entrance Examines 录取分数线 admission scores 小型警车 panda car 老爷车 vintage car

保障性住房 indemnificatory housing 一决高下 Duke it out

差别电价 differential power prices 囤积居奇 hoarding and profiteering 灰色市场 Grey market 反倾销 anti-dumping 经济二次探底 double dip 吃白食的人 freeloader

橙色预警 orange signal warning 公关 public relation

不幸的日子，不吉利的日子 black-letter day 吉利的日子 saints' days 人肉搜索 flesh search 廉租房 low rent housing

限价房 capped-price housing 经适房 affordable housing 替罪羔羊 whipping boy

对口支援 partner assistance 扫把星 jinx

资本货物 capital goods

最终消费品 final consumption goods 原材料 raw material

制成品 manufactured goods 重工业 heavy industry 贸易顺差 trade surplus

外汇储备 foreign exchange reserve 潮人：trendsetter 发烧友： fancier

骨感美女：boney beauty 卡奴：card slave 蹦迪：disco dancing

电脑游戏迷：gamer

家庭主男：house-husband

小白脸，吃软饭的：kept man

二奶：kept woman

麦霸：Mic king / Mic queen

型男：metrosexual man（范指那些极度重视外貌而行为gay化的直男，型男属于其中的一种）

新新人类：new-new generation

另类：offbeat

菜鸟：rookie

“色”友（摄影爱好者）：shutterbug

驴友：tour pal

娘娘腔：sissy

全职妈妈：stay-at-home mom

裸奔：streaking

80后：80's generation

百搭：all-match

肚皮舞：belly dance

片前广告：cinemads

角色扮演：cosplay

情侣装：couples dress

电子书：e-book

电子杂志：e-zine

胎教：fetal education

限时抢购：flash sale

合租：flat-share

期房：forward delivery housing 荧光纹身：glow tattoo 团购：group purchase 健商：HQ

扎啤：jug beer

八卦，丑闻：kiss and tell 低腰牛仔裤：low-rise jeans 泡泡袜：loose socks 裸妆：nude look 黄牛票：scalped ticket 透视装：see-through dress 扫货：shopping spree

烟熏妆：smokey-eye make-up 水货：smuggled goods 热裤：tight pants 舌钉：tongue pin

纳米技术：nanotechnology 通灵：psychic

文凭热 degree craze 反腐败 anti-corruption 联合军演 joint military drill 财政赤字 budget deficit

拜倒在某人的石榴裙下 throw oneself at sb's feet 打破记录 break a record

创造新纪录 create a new record 终生学习lifelong learning 天气保险 weather insurance 正妹 hotty

对某人念念不忘 get the hots for 希望把好运带来给自己 touch wood 婚外恋 extramarital love;extramarital affair 职场冷暴力 emotional office abuse 赞助费 sponsorship fee

抚恤金 financial compensation，compensation payment 草莓族 Strawberry generation 草根总统 grassroots president 点唱机 juke box

笨手笨脚 have two left feet 演艺圈 Showbiz

试点，试运行 on a trial basis 精疲力竭 be dead on one's feet 软禁 be under house arrest 拼车 car-pooling

解除好友关系 unfriend v.发送色情短信 sexting

暴走 go ballistic

婚检 premarital check-up

天书 mumbo-jumbo

情意绵绵的 lovey-dovey

漂亮女人 tomato（俚语）；妖娆女子 cheese cake

懦夫 quitter（俚语）

母校 alma mater

黑马 dark horse

挥金如土 spend money like water

意外怀孕 unplanned pregnancy

人流 abortion

避孕措施 contraceptives

生殖健康 reproductive health

海外代购 overseas purchasing

试镜 screen test

访谈节目 chat show

智力竞赛节目 quiz show

武侠片 martial arts film

封面报道 cover story

跳槽 jump ship

闪婚 flash marriage

闪电约会 speeddating

闪电恋爱 whirlwind romance

刻不容缓，紧要关头 crunch time

健身 bodybuilding

遮阳伞 parasol

人渣 scouring

头等舱 first-class cabin

世界遗产名录 the world heritage list

乐活族 LOHAS（Lifestyle Of Health And Sustainability）

安乐死 euthanasia

私生子 an illegitimate child;a love child

一夜情 one-night stand 专业课复习

1．综合英语篇：以真题为重点，以阅读为突破口，以写作为支撑

涉及书目：《2011英语专业考研考点精梳与精练（基础英语）北京外国语大学——星火考研》郭棲庆编写。这本书节选了各校的选择、词汇、阅读、翻译、写作等内容，我没有太多时间主要精读了这一本。环球时代的内容太多，没时间看。

专八真题，主要是做阅读。我买的大连理工的冲击破系列，蓝色封面，非常不好，阅读解释没有中文，原文又抄了一遍，和没有解释一样，千万不要买这本，买别的出版社的相对好一点的。

专四真题，主要是做单选。南开有单选题型，里面有语法和词汇，专四尽管略微简单，但是循序渐进，很有帮助。

作文训练，《2011英语专业8级考试写作标准范文背诵——星火英语》。里面题材比较广泛，这一本看精了足以。

复习的几点建议：1）不要气馁。4门里我认为这门最难，进步的过程很慢，有时候做专八真题或是各校真题错了很多，很打击。但是别气馁，只有这样，多做多读才能慢慢提高速度和正确率。2）未必专门背单词。我时间有限，尽管买了专八单词，但是没有时间背，我是边做题把生词记在本子上，有空多看，多写，慢慢记住。3）要反复操练。比如单选，做了一遍过2天单词又忘了，所以多做几遍，慢慢就烂熟于人心了。4）研究考点。比如单选喜欢考倒装、虚拟、强调，做这样的题多了，也就记住了，还有专四有的题目好几年重复考，做多了也就记住了。5）要多动笔。尤其是作文，看和写不是一回事，抽空动笔写，之后和范文比较，这样效果好。背一些常用的句子和单词词组，多用倒装等休息，显得有“层次”。6）要持之以恒。

复习综合英语最枯燥，但是要坚持。我下班后一般安静地做几篇阅读，然后核对答案，在高兴和失落中徘徊。单选和写作也是如此。别想一下子提高，但慢慢地水平一定会提高的。

第一次看到南开10年综合英语的卷子，一点没有信心。复习了几个月，水平也慢慢提高了。今年南开综合英语卷子也不简单，阅读好多没看懂，但是最后得了75，出乎意料，也许是其他答得好点，更重要的是水平在复习中潜移默化提高了，得到满意的分数也就水到渠成了。

2．翻译基础：重在日常积累，突击只是权宜之策。这门没有指定书目，大家看的书也不尽相同，我的翻译是这样复习的。

涉及材料：

1）各校真题中的短语翻译，凑在一起一二百个呢，我搜集了北外、北语、厦门、海洋、中山、川外、西外等学校的翻译基础真题，做词语解释和英汉互译。另外把那本外研社绿皮的考试指南也看看，里面的各个语种的短语解释都用英语做；再从网上搜一些热词。

2）推荐一本杂志，《Beijing Weekly》，北京周报。内容涉及当前的时事政治、热点问题，内容不难，话题也不枯燥，我比较喜欢，生词也不是特多，但是看人家的表述方法，一件事都是用我们认识的单词，而我们就不会排列组合。这本杂志喜欢写缩略语，比如联合国千年发展计划等，反复出现，慢慢就熟悉了。而且，对于南开的百科的名词解释也有一定帮助。G20，存款准备金率，亚运会，世博会，钓鱼岛等等，这类的热点事件杂志都有相关报道，所以看这本杂志能够提高英语阅读，还有利于翻译基础和南开百科名词。

3）《2011英语专业考研考点精梳与精练》中的翻译部分。

复习关键：要多练习。各校考各种题材的（一般不考文学翻译）。多动笔，都背常用表述方法，高频短语，连接词汇，看时态语态技巧，倒装用法。临考把常考短语再反复背一下，不能眼熟，要手熟悉，信手拈来。我觉得翻译是长期积累的结果。

3．百科知识：

（1）百科中的名词解释与单项选择

百科中的第一题，也就是名词解释或是选择题，主要是买各个院校指定的参考书，之所以说是各大院校，是因为百科这门考试不是一两本参考书就能搞定的，所以要多看，中外的都要了解，中国的不多说，外国的主要是专八知识和当今的社会热点。

（2）百科中的大作文

大作文方面，除日常积累外，对翻译方面一些基本的概念 和百科上一些有关名词或是专题你得多看看，因为好多学校大作文的题目会从中选题，百科上或是翻译教程上的每个名词，都可以拿来做作文题目，比如：直译好还是意译好，说说通俗文化，这都是有些学校的曾经出的作文题目。在写作的过程中，一定要言之有物，措辞真诚。只要言之有理，即可酌情给分，而且一般划分只在5至15分之间，拉分差距很小。

所以，对于关于汉语写作与百科知识, 如果能真的认认真真读完那些书，对于百科考察的名词解释和选择题会有很大帮助，对于应用文的写作套路也能掌握的更加熟练。还有大作文，除日常积累外，对翻译方面一些基本的概念，和百科上一些有关名词或是专题你得多看看，因为好多学校大作文的题目会出类似的，百科上或是翻译教程上的每个名词，都可以拿来做作文题目 比如：直译好还是意译好，说说通俗文化，这都是有些学校的原题，平常积累对于百科这门科目的考察有很大帮助，平常多看多想多练很重要，其实都是议论文，用高考的文笔就能搞定的。

名词解释，其实就是熟知一些事物，大体知道意思，自己再用通顺合理的语言表达出来即可。其实要想练习名词解释，《中国文学与中国文化知识应试指南》这本书比较好 比《中国文化读本》更有针对性。

有的人说对于考翻硕很茫然，不知该干什么其实主要是看高英，学习一些翻译理论、策略和技巧，背名词解释。看多了背多了，就有感觉了。你现在茫然，主要是因为了解的信息少，有针对性的知识储备不够。当你觉得看高英跟看小学三年级语文课本似的，你的英汉互译这方面，词汇，写作就练出来了。

基础英语分析

基础英语分为三个部分，词汇语法30分，阅读40分，写作30分。词汇语法部分出题灵活，可以出现很多题型，比如最常见的选择题形式，以及比较有难度的改错题形式，难度起码要达到专八的程度。因此，同学们从备考的开始阶段起就要多背单词，在此基础上，大量地做单词语法题和专八系列的改错题，反复记忆，总结技巧。

至于阅读部分，笔者认为传统选择题的难度大致为专八水平，但也可能出现GRE水平的理解题，而对于一些非传统的阅读题型，比如paraphrase, answer questions等，考察的不仅是同学们的阅读能力和理解能力，也在一定程度上反应了考生的表达能力。所以，笔者建议，同学们在平时做阅读理解题的过程中，要有意识地强化自己的语言”输出”功力，不可辞不达意。

英语写作部分类似于专八，但有的学校可能更突出时效性，会出一些与时事文题。笔者对于写作的建议就是，多写多练多积累，还有很重要的一点就是，要有老师的批改，不可一味地求数量而忽视每一篇的质量。有的同学写了很多作文，但成绩提不上去。就是因为他总按照自己的路子写，写了十篇作文就把自己的错误重复”强化”了十遍。

第三篇：2018翻硕考研新闻热词总结荟萃

2018翻硕考研新闻热词总结荟萃

凯程老师特为翻硕考研党总结了2017新闻热词，以供参考。

1.海淘

cross-border online shopping

请看例句：

China is tightening its grip on cross-border e-commerce, imposing a new tax system on cross-border online shopping that forms a growing business catering to Chinese consumers with an appetite for foreign goods starting April 8.我国正收紧对跨境电子商务的管控。对于海淘这个为迎合中国消费者对海外产品的青睐而生、且日益壮大的商业领域，从4月8日起开始实行一套新的税收政策。

根据商务部公布的新政，通过电商公司从海外直邮到国内的商品(overseas retail products that e-commerce firms ship into China)将不再归为邮递物品(will no longer be classified as “parcels”)，享受比其他进口商品税率更低的行邮税(“parcel tax” rate)，而将被视作进口商品，进而征收关税、增值税和消费税(be treated as imports and will be subject to tariffs, value-added and consumption taxes)，具体税率将视产品类型和价值而定(whose rates vary depending on the type and value of goods)。

不同类别的商品税率不同，因此很难计算政策调整给商品带来的影响(calculating the impact of the changes on merchandise is difficult given that different categories of goods carry different rates)。根据新政策，对于专门销售婴幼儿配方奶粉(infant formula milk)的公司来说，如果单笔销售额不足500元，就需要多缴付将近12%的税(pay nearly 12% more in taxes if the sale is under RMB500)。珠宝等奢侈品将额外征收9%-17%不等的税款(luxury goods like jewelry will see extra taxes between 9% and 17%)。针对个人护理产品和化妆品的税款则可能有所降低(levies on personal-hygiene and cosmetic products could fall)。

商务部表示，政策调整意在赋予国内外产品同等地位(be intended to put foreign and domestic products on an equal footing)。但分析人士表示，尽管税收政策有变，他们预期中国消费者对海外产品的强烈需求仍将持续(they expect robust demand from Chinese consumers for overseas products to continue)。

[相关词汇]

电商公司 e-commerce player

压低需求 dampen demand

输出消费 outbound consumption

母婴产品 baby and maternal products

营养补充剂 nutritional supplement

“中国制造”的产品 “made-in-China” products

2、EMBA，高级管理人员工商管理硕士 Executive Master of Business Administration

请看例句：

The China National MBA Education Supervisory Committee announced over the weekend that, from next year, a nationwide exam will be the only way to apply for an EMBA course.全国工商管理硕士教育指导委员会上周末宣布，从明年起，申请就读高级管理人员工商管理硕士课程必须经过全国统考。

我们都知道MBA代表的是Master of Business Administration(工商管理硕士)，而这里提到的EMBA则是Executive Master of Business Administration(高级管理人员工商管理硕士)，最早诞生于美国芝加哥大学管理学院，设立的目的就是为高级管理人员服务，通常称为在职MBA。

EMBA院校目前采取的是自主举办笔试(written test)、面试(interview)的方式，现行录取标准是两封企业雇主或业内名人的推荐信(recommendation letter)和一篇企业管理相关论文，学员再参加院校组织的面试，合格后方可入学。

根据教育部6日发布的《关于进一步规范工商管理硕士专业学位研究生教育的意见》，2017年起，EMBA的入学资格考试将纳入全国统一的硕士研究生入学考试(national entrance examination for postgraduate studies)，录取分数线(enrollment cut-off point)将由教育部门统一划定并向社会公开。

意见还提出，加强研究生课堂考勤(class attendance)、课程考核(course assessments)、论文开题(thesis proposal)和学位论文答辩(oral defense of thesis)过程的监督检查，严禁降低标准授予学位(lower standards for conferring degrees)、“花钱买学位”等行为，严肃查处教学评价中的权力寻租(rent-seeking)和不正之风。规范境内外游学、访学、考察等实践教学活动，不得以游学、访学等名义前往景点观光旅游(sightseeing in the name of study tours or visiting scholar programs)。

[相关词汇] 考生 examinee, exam-taker, candidate

替考者 surrogate exam-taker

考前焦虑 pre-exam nerves

高考 college entrance examination

(考试的)突击准备 cramming

死记硬背 rote memorization

3、钓鱼执法sting/entrapment operation

请看例句：

A fake university established as part of a sting operation to expose student visa scams has netted 21 suspects in mass arrests carried out by American immigration authorities.在一次钓鱼执法行动中，美国移民部门建立了一所假冒大学，最终破获一起学生签证造假案并进行大规模逮捕，21名嫌疑人被捕。

这所北新泽西大学2013年成立，工作人员是卧底探员，不设课程，没有讲师(be staffed by undercover agents, but without classes or instructors)。嫌疑人知道这是一所野鸡大学(bogus/phony university)，但不知道这是美国移民海关执法局密探设下的圈套的一部分(part of a sting by undercover agents from US Immigration and Customs Enforcement)。他们帮助外国客户办理入学，从而骗取留学签证，自己则收取回扣(enroll their foreign clients to fraudulently maintain their student visa status in exchange for kickbacks)。被告人面临共谋实施签证欺诈(conspiracy to commit visa fraud)和共谋庇护外国人获利(conspiracy to harbor aliens for profit)两项罪名指控。

“钓鱼执法”(sting/entrapment operation)指在掌握一定证据的同时，为了抓获已知犯罪嫌疑人，而通过“诱惑”(entrap/snare)的方式使其落网。钓鱼执法因在某种程度上有诱导嫌疑人犯罪的倾向一直以来饱受争议(has always been controversial as it in some way lures suspects to commit crimes)。但对于此案，美当局辩解称，签证骗取者从一开始就知道大学是假的，提供的服务是非法的，却仍然寻求服务(visa fraudsters sought the services from day one knowing that the university was fake and the services were not legitimate)，他们是这次行动的“自愿行事者”(they were “willing participants” in the scheme)。

[相关词汇]

非移民身份 nonimmigrant status

学校行政人员 school administrator

欺诈手段 fraudulent tactic

付钱即可留下 pay to stay

合法永久居民 legal permanent resident

4、过度包装excessive packaging

“过度包装”产生大量“快递垃圾” 请看《中国日报》的报道：

The rapid growth of online shopping and express delivery services has given rise to huge amounts of rubbish in China, says a recent report.最近一份报告显示，网络购物和快递运输行业的快速发展使中国产生了大量的快递垃圾。

来看看这些快递垃圾的量有多惊人：

Last year alone, 16.95 billion meters of adhesive tape and 9.9 billion boxes were used to deliver the purchases of online shoppers.仅在去年，网购快递中就使用了169.5亿米胶带和99亿个包装箱。

“过度包装”是主因：

Experts say excessive packaging for products dispatched through courier agencies to meet online shoppers' demand is generating increasing amounts of trash and the existing recycling system cannot cope with them.专家表示，为满足网购用户需求，快递公司在派送商品时“过度包装”，因而快递垃圾量越来越大，现有的回收利用系统也无法应对。

【相关词汇】

e-tailer 网络零售商

plastic bags 塑料袋

foam and cartons 泡沫和纸箱

express parcels 快递包裹

packaging materials 包装材料

dissolve 分解

bricks-and-mortar stores 实体店

5、创新战略伙伴关系