第一篇：常用论文术语中英文对照

A.安居工程 Housing project for low-income families

按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNp at factor cost

按揭贷款 mortgage loan

按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance

暗亏 hidden loss

奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult

B.巴黎证券交易所 paris Bourse

把握大局 grasp the overall situation

白色行情表 white sheet

白手起家 starting from scratch

摆架子 put on airs

拜年 pay New Year call

搬迁户 relocated families

半拉子工程 uncompleted project

棒球运动记者 scribe

包干到户 work contracted to households

包工包料 contract for labor and materials

保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy

保持国有股 keep the State-held shares

保健食品 health-care food

保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone;bonded area

保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas

保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings

北欧投资银行 Nordic Investment Bank

本本主义 bookishness

《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica

本垒打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip

本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches

奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life

蹦击 bungee, bungee jumping

逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives

闭门羹 given cold-shoulder

边际报酬 marginal return

边缘科学 boundary science

标书 bidding documents

表演赛 demonstration match

剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody

补缺选举 by-election

布达拉宫 potala palace

不败记录 clean record, spotless record

不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force

不打不成交 No discord, no concord.《不见不散》 Be there or be square.不良贷款 non-performing loan

不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city

不正之风 bad(harmful)practice;unhealthy tendency

步行天桥 foot bridge

C.擦边球 edge ball, touch ball

擦网球 net ball

采取高姿态 show magnanimity

菜篮子工程 shopping basket program

参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs

层层转包和违法分保 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting

差额投票 differentail voting

差额选举 competitive election

茶道 sado

拆东墙补西墙 rob peter to pay paul

禅 dhyana

产粮大省 granary province

产品结构 product mix

产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management

产权制度、产权关系 property relations;property order

产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing

长二捆 LM-2E

长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe

畅通工程 “Smooth Traffic project”

唱高调 mouth high-sounding words

超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed computer

超前消费 overconsuming, excessive consumption

城市规划 city's landscaping plan

城乡信用社 credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas

吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of “everybody eating from the same big pot”

抽杀成功 hit through

筹备委员会 preparatory committee

出风头 show off;in the limelight

出口创汇能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports

出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods

出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports

出家 pravrajana;cloister

创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city

春蕾计划 Spring Buds program

《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals

从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy

存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits

D.“达标”活动 “target hitting” activities

打白条 issue IOU

打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering

打破僵局 break the deadlock

打顺手 find one's touch, get into gear, settle into a groove

大包干 all-round responsibility system

大轰动 blockbuster

大力扣杀 hammer

大路货 staple goods

大满贯 grand slam

大款 tycoon

大排挡 sidewalk snack booth

大事化小，小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all

大胜 white wash

大腕 top notch

大要案 major and serious criminal cases

大专生 junior college student

大专文凭 associate degree

大藏经 Tripitaka

带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits

待岗 await job assignment, post-waiting

待业 job-waiting

单循环制 single round-robin system

盗用公款 embezzlement

单刀赴会 start a solo run

倒计时 countdowm

倒爷 profiteer

等外品 off-grade goods, rejects

第二产业 secondary industry

第一发球权 first inning

第一发球员 first server

第一双打 first pair

地方保护主义 regional protectionism

地方财政包干制 system whereby local authorities take full responsibility for their finances

地区差异 regional disparity

点子公司 consultancy company

电话号码升位 upgrade telephone number

电话会议 teleconference

电视直销 TV home shopping

吊球 drop shot

吊销执照 revoke license

定向培训 training for specific posts

豆腐渣“工程 jerry-built project

独立核算工业企业 independent accounting unit(enterprise)

”渡假外交“ holiday-making diplomacy

短期债务 floating debt

对外招商 attract foreign investment

队长袖标(足球）skipper's armband

多党合作制 multi-party co-operation in exercising State power

多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite(SMMS)

夺冠 take the crown

E.恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation

二板市场(创业板市场）second board on the country's stock market

二流选手 scrub, second-rater

F.发展不平衡 disparate development

法治国家 a country under the rule of law

法制国家 a state with an adequate legal system

翻两番 quadruple

反败为胜 bring about a complete turnabout, pull out of the fire

防洪工程 flood-prevention project

放高球 lob

飞行药检 spot check

费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes

分流 reposition of redundant personnel

分期付款 installment payment

（产品）分销 subunderwriting, distribution

锋利扣杀 razor-sharp smash

封闭式基金 close-ended fund

封杀出局 force out

“封圣” canonization of ”Saints“

福利彩票 welfare lotteries

福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system

扶贫 poverty alleviation

覆盖率 coverage rate

复式住宅 compound apartment

G.改制上市：An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化 make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent

高层次、全方位的对话 high-level and all-directional dialogue

高产优质 high yield and high quality

高级商务师 Certified Business Executive

高难度动作 stunner, stunt

高新技术产业开发区 high and new technology industrial development zone

(公路）隔离带 median

根本政治制度 fundamental political system

个人收入应税申报制度 the system of the declaration of inpidual incomes for tax payment

”各就位“ ”On your marks!“

跟踪审计 follow-up auditing

工商局 industrial and commercial bureau

工业园区 industrial park

公积金public accumulation funds, public reserve funds

公款吃喝 recreational activities using public funds

公正、公平、公开 just, fair and open

共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商 multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of Communist party

国产化率 import substitution rate;localization rate of parts and components

国防动员体制 the mobilization for national defense

国际惯例 international common practice

《国际先驱论坛报》 International Herald Tribune

国家经济体制改革委员会 the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems

国家一级保护 first-grade State protection

国库券 treasury bonds

过度开垦 excess reclamation

H.海湾战争综合症 the complexities of the Gulf War

豪赌 unrestrained gambling

好事不出门，恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.好出风头的运动员 exhibitionist, grandstander

好莱坞大片 Hollywood blockbuster

”好球“ ”Strike“

合理引导消费 guide rational consumption

合议庭 collegiate bench

黑店 gangster inn

宏观调控 macro-control efforts

红包（中）red paper containing money as a gift,(贬)bribe, kickback

环太平洋地区 pacific Rim

后防空虚 leave the defense exposed

胡子工程 long-drawn-out project(a project which takes so long that young workers become bearded)

虎父无犬子 A wise goose never lays a tame egg.户口管理制度 domicile system, residence registration system

户主 head of a household

护身法宝 amulet

华表 ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele

华盖 canopy

”坏球“ ”Ball“

还俗 resume secular life, unfrock

”黄、赌、毒“ pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking

黄金时段 prime time

挥棒 swing

挥棒不中 fan

灰色收入 income from moonlighting

汇丰银行 Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation

婚外恋 extramarital love

活到老，学到老 One is never too old to learn.货币回笼 withdrawal of currency from circulation

J.机构臃肿overstaffing in organizations(government)

基本路线要管一百年 The basic line must be followed unswervingly for a very long time to come.基本国情 fundamental realities of the country

基层民主 democracy at the grassroots level

基层组织 organizations at the grass-roots level

绩优股 blue chip

激烈竞争 cut-throat competition

吉祥物 mascot

缉私力量 the forces engaged in the fight against smuggling

集体婚礼 collective wedding ceremony

集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development

计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning

计算机中央处理器 central processing unit(CpU)

记者席 press box

技术下乡 spread technological knowledge to farmers

嘉宾 distinguished guest, honored guest

加班 work extra shifts

加密 encrypt

加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion

家庭联产承包责任制 the household contract responsibility system

假唱 lip-synch

假动作 deception, feint

甲骨文 inscriptions on oracle bones

假日经济 holiday economy

坚持统一，反对分裂，增加了解，化解歧见 persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase understanding and iron out differences

监督部门 watchdog

尖端产品 highly sophisticated products

剪彩 cut the ribbon

剪刀差 the scissors gap between the prices of...and...减负 alleviate burdens on sb.减员增效 downsizing for efficiency;cut payroll to improve efficiency

讲诚信，反欺诈： honor credibility and oppose cheating

脚踩两只船 sit on the fence

脚踏实地 be down-to-earth

侥幸球 fluke

接口 interface

解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces

解放思想、实事求是的思想路线 ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts

结售汇制度 the system of exchange, settlement and sales

戒毒所 drug rehabilitation center

戒急用忍 overcome impetuosity and exercise patience

金本位 gold standard

金边债券 gilt-edged bonds

金刚经 Vajra Sutra|

金降落伞 golden parachute

紧箍咒 inhibiting magic phrase

紧密型企业集团 tightly-knit groups of enterprises

紧追 cling to, shadow, thunder on one's trail

近海渔业 offshore fishery

进出口商会 chamber of import and export trade

进口渗透 import penetration

禁渔期 closed fishing seasons

禁止在任何地方、任何环境进行一切方式的释放核能的核武器试验保爆炸 prohibit any nuclear weapon test explosion which releases nuclear energy at any place and in any environment

经常项目顺差favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account

经常性贷款 commercial lending

经常性支出 running expenses

经济林 cash tree

经营管理高度科学化的现代化大企业 modern big enterprise with highly scientific management system

精简机构 streamline government organs

京剧票友 peking Opera fan

景泰蓝 cloisonné

劲射 power shot

竣工式 completion ceremony

K.卡丁车 kart

开放式基金 open-ended fund

开工不足 enterprises running under their production capacity

坎儿井 karez

抗美援朝战争 War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea

抗震棚 quake-proof shelter

考研 take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools

科技成果转化为生产力 transfer of scientific and technological achievements

科技含量 technology content

科技是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.科教兴国 rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation

可持续发展 sustainable development

空头支票 accommodation note, lip service

控股公司 holding company

扣帽子 put a label on

跨实际工程 a trans-century project

亏损企业 enterprises running in the red/under deficit

困难职工 the needy

国民党 Kuomintang

L.垃圾债券 junk bond

拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth

拉拉队 cheering squad

拉拉队长 cheer-leader, rooter king

拉关系 try to curry favor with

劳动合同制 labor contract system

老字号 an old and famous shop or enterprise

”篱笆墙“ barriers/ blockage to inter-regional trading

礼仪小姐 ritual girl

利改税substitution of tax payment for profit delivery

利基 niche

立体农业 three-dimensional agriculture

联合联络小组 joint liaison group

廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府 an honest, diligent, pragmatic and efficient government

廉洁奉公，以正治国(of an official)clean and devoted, and govern the state with his own example of uprightness

联合兼并 conglomeration and merger of enterprises

联合投标 syndicated tender

联想集团 Legend Group

练摊 to be a vendor

粮食收购部门(government's)grain procurement(purchasing)agencies

粮油关系：grain and oil rationing registration

两岸直航促进会 Association for promotion of Cross-Straits Direct Transportation

两弹一艇 A-bomb, H-bomb and nuclear-powered submarine

”两个对等的政治实体“ ”two equal political entities

两个文明一起抓 place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress

“两思”（致富思源，富而思进）to think of the source of getting rich and of making progress after becoming affluence

老少边穷地区 former revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities, remote and border areas and poverty-stricken areas

猎头公司 head-hunting company

临时主教练 caretaker coach

领头羊 bellwether

留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary

留学咨询：consulting on the study abroad

流动人口 transient population

乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises

乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges, fund-raising quotas and fines

《论语》 Analects of Confucius

裸机：bare mobile phone

绿地覆盖率 forest coverage rate

绿化 afforestation

M.满意度 degree of satisfaction

盲流和倒流人员 transient from the countryside

帽子戏法 hat trick

买一送一 two-for-one offer, buy one get one free

门前三包 be responsible for general sanitation, green covering and keeping good social order in a designated area outside the unit building

朦胧诗 misty poetry

民工潮 farmers' frenzied hunt for work in cities

民进党 Democratic progressive party

民主党派、工商联与无党派人士 non-Communist parties, federations of industry and commerce, personages without party affiliation

民族凝聚力 national cohesion

民族委员会 ethnic affairs commission

明明白白消费（2000年保护消费者权益工作主题）transparent consumption

磨洋工 dawdle along

N.纳米 nanometer

囊括 complete a sweep

耐用消费品 durable consumer items(goods)

南水北调 South-to-North water persion

能官能民 be ready to both serve as an offical and be one of the common people

能上网的手机 WAp phone

内耗 in-fighting

年同比 year-on-year;on an annual basis

年夜饭 family reunion dinner

扭转局面 reverse the tide, turn the table

农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labour(labourers)

O.p.跑龙套 utility man

泡沫经济 bubble economy

配股 allotment of shares

配套政策 supporting policies

碰钉子 get snubbed

疲软股票 soft stock

皮包公司 bogus company

票贩子 scalper, ticket tout

骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn over foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage

贫富悬殊 polarization of rich and poor

瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions

扑网 rush-up, rushing

Q.起跑器 block

千代田寿险公司（日本）Chiyoda Mutual Life Insurance Co.抢跑 false start, beat the gun

亲民党 people First party

屈体 jackknife, pike

全能冠军 all-around winner

全球通 global system for mobile communications

拳头产品 competitive products;knock-out products;blockbuster

R.绕圈子 beat around the bush

人才流失brain drain

人浮于事 overstaffing

人工智能 artificial intelligence(AI)

人机交互 human-computer interaction

人类免疫缺陷病毒Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV)

人情债 debt of gratitude

任意球 free kick

融资渠道 financing channels

入水时水花很少 clean entry

软新闻 soft news

S.三八线 38th parallel

三步走战略 the three-step development strategy

三大作风 the party's three important styles of work(integrating theory with practice, forging close links with the masses and practicing self-criticism

“三个代表” “three represents” theory(The party should always represent the development needs of China's advanced social productive forces, always represent the onward direction of China's advanced culture, and always represent the fundamental interests of the largest member of the Chinese people.)

三个有利于 “three favorables”(whether it promotes the growth of the productive forces in a socialist society, increases the overall strenth of the socialist state and raises the people's living standards

三好学生 merit student

“三讲”教育（讲学习、讲政治、讲正气）“three emphases” education(to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)

三角债 chain debt

三通 three direct links of trade, mail, and air and shipping services across the Taiwan Straits

三通一平“three supplies and one leveling”;supply of water, electricity and road and leveled ground(conditions ready for further economic development)

三下乡 a program under which officials, doctors, scientist and college students go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service to farmers

三字经 three-character scripture

“扫黄”、“打非” eliminate pornography and illegal publications

《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers

商检局 Commodity Inspection Bureau

商品条码 bar code

上市 to be listed

少数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从全体、全党服从中央 the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part to the whole and the entire membership of the party to the Central Committee

社会热点问题 hot spots of society

社会治安情况 public security situation

审时度势 size up the situation

渗透、颠覆和分裂活动 infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities

《生死抉择》 “Live or Die”

生态农业 environmental-friendly agriculture

失学儿童 dropout实践是检验真理的唯一标准 practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.实体经济 the real economy

实现中华民伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to

实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质 promotion of family planning to control the population size and improve the health of the people

实现小康目标 to achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life

市场疲软 sluggish market

市场准入 market access

适度从紧的财政政策 moderately tight financial policy

适销对路的产品readily marketable products

手机入网费 mobile access fee

受灾地区 disaster-affected are

售后服务 after-sale services

树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image

涮羊肉 instant-boiled mutton

双刃剑 double-edged sword

水货 smuggled goods

水墨画 Chinese brush drawing;ink and wash painting

思乡曲 Nostalgia

思想僵铁 fossilized concept

四项基本原则 the Four Cardinal principles of adherence to the socialist road, the people's democratic dictatorship, the leadership of the Communist party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought

素质教育 education for all-around development

T.弹性外交 elastic diplomacy

套利 arbitrage

提高农产品收购价格 the government's increase in its procurement prices(for farm products)

铁饭碗 iron rice bowl

统一市场 single market

统一税 flat tax, consolidated tax

同乡会 an association of fellow provincials or townsmen

筒子楼：tube-shaped apartment

偷税漏税 tax evasion

偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax fraud, and refusal to pay taxes

投手 pitcher

透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence

团身 bunch up the body

推广科研成果 turning laboratory achievements into commercial/mass production;commercialization of laboratory achievements

退耕还林还草 grain for green

脱贫 cast off poverty

脱手 release grip

W.汪辜会谈 Wang Daohan-Koo Chen-fu Talks(Wang-Koo talks)

网络出版 online publishing

网上冲浪surf the Internet

稳定压倒一切 Maintaining stability is of top priority

维护人权和不断改善人权状况 safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation

伪劣产品 fake and shoddy products

卫冕世界冠军 reigning world champion

屋顶花园 roof garden

无氟冰箱freon-free refrigerator

无人售票 self-service ticketing

无线应用协议 WAp（wireless application protocol）

物价局 price Bureau

物业管理 estate management, property management

X.西部大开发 West Development

吸收游资 absorb idle fund

希望工程 project Hope

喜忧参半 mingled hope and fear

洗钱 money laundering

下放权力给 delegating the management of...(to...)

下岗 laid-off workers

下海 plunge into the commercial sea

下网 off line

险胜 cliff-hanging win, narrow victory, nose out

县改市：county upgraded to city

县级市：county-level city

现代企业制度 modern enterprise system;modern corporate system

向钱看 mammonism, put money above all

项目立项：approve and initiate a project

消费信贷 consumer credit services

削减战略核武器会谈 strategic arms reduction talks(START)

小康 a comfortable level of living;a better-off life;moderate prosperity

新秀 up-and-coming star, rising star

信息港 inforport

信息化 informationize

信用紧缩 credit crunch

形象小姐/先生 image representative of a product or a brand

虚拟网 virtual net

选举权和被选举权 the right to vote and the right to be elected

徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends

Y.压水花技术 rip entry

压线(口令)Line!

严打斗争Strike-Hard Operation, campaign to crack down relentlessly on criminal activities

阳春（最经济方式）no-frills

羊肉串小摊 barbecue stall

养老金 pension

摇钱树 cash cow

药物检查 dope control, drug testing

一式两联(receipt or invoice)in duplicate

一手抓物质文明，一手抓精神文明；一手抓经济建设，一手抓民主法制；一手抓改革开放，一手抓打击犯罪惩治腐败 We must always work for material progress and at the same time for cultural and ethical progress;We should develop the economy and at the same time strengthen democracy and the legal system;We should promote reform and opening to the outside world and at the same time fight crime and punish corruption.以公有制为主体，多种经济成分共同发展 the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and perse sectors of the economy developing side by side

以经济建设为中心 focusing on the central task of economic construction

以谋略制胜 outmaneuver

以权谋私 abuse of power for personal gains

以人为本 people oriented;people foremost

以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of equality

义和团运动 Boxer Uprising

义务兵役制 compulsory military service, conscription

义务教育 compulsory education

义演收入 proceeds from benefit performmance

易拉罐 pop can

因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude

隐性就业 unregistered employment

硬道理 absolute principle, top priority

营业税 turnover tax;business tax

应试教育 examination-oriented education system

优化结构 optimize structure

有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 There must be laws to go by, the laws must be observed and strictly enforced, and law-breakers must be prosecuted.有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律 with lofty ideals, integrety, knowledge and a strong sense of discipline

有望夺金者 a gold medal hopeful

有勇无谋 use brawn rather than brain

与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market;become integrated into the global market

舆论导向 direction of public opinion

舆论监督 supervision by public opinion

冤假错案 cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced;unjust, false or wrong cases

圆寂 parinirvana

缘分 chemical,(as if by)predestination, be preordained to come together

远景计划 long-term development targets

运球 dribble

Z.“宰人” rip off

在职博士生 on-job doctorate

再贷款 re-lending;subloan

再就业服务中心 re-employment service center

藏学 Tibetology

糟粕 dross

早恋 puppy love

造假帐 falsified accounts

斋月 Ramadan

债转股 debt-to-equity swap

沾光 benefit from one's association

站票 standing-room-only ticket

涨落线 advance balance line

朝阳产业 sunrise industry

招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project

正式照会 formal note

政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show.政府上网工程Government Online project

政企不分 without a clear line between the functions of the government and enterprises;the functions of the government and enterprises mixed up

政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management

政务公开 make government affairs public

知识产权 intellectual property rights

知识经济 knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy

致命要害 Achilles' heel

掷钱猜先 toss

《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》 Law of the people's Republic of China on the protection of Consumers' Rights and Interests

中流砥柱 mainstay, chief corner stone

中美战略核武器互不瞄准对方 non-targeting strategic nuclear weapons against each other

中央大型企业工委：Central Work Committee for Large Enterprises

中央商务区 central business district(CBD)

重点发展 prioritize

主体经济 the mainstay of the economy

主持人 anchorperson

住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation

助跑 approach run, run-up

抓大放小 to invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones;focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves

抓住机遇 seize the opportunity

转化机制(of State-owned enterprises)to shift to new management mechanisms

转基因食品 GM food(genetically modified food)追平produce the equalizer

转体 truck rotation, turn, twist

撞线 breast the tape

追赶型和跨越式发展 pursuant and leap-forward development

资产保值增值 maintain and increase the value of assets;maintenance and appreciation of assets value

资产阶级自由化 bourgeois liberalization

资源配置 the distribution(allocation)of resources

《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror

自律机制 the self-discipline system

自我保护意识 self-protection awareness

自由港 free-trade port，free port

综合国力 comprehensive national strength

综合业务数字网 integrated service digital network(ISDN)

综合治理 comprehensive treatment

遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one's official duties

第二篇：篮球术语中英文对照

A: Agent 经纪人。Air ball:投出的球什么都没碰到，三不沾。All-Defensive Team :最佳防守阵容。Alley-oop:空中接力。一个运动员把球抛向空中，另一个队员在空中接住球把球扣入篮筐。All-NBA Team:NBA最佳阵容。All-Rookie Team:最佳新秀阵容。All-Star:全明星。APG:平均每场助攻。Arena:比赛场；竞技场。比如Seattle的主场名叫Key Arena。arc:三分线。Assist:助攻(缩写：Ast.)。Attempts:出手次数。Atlantic Division:大西洋赛区。

B: Babyhook:小勾手。Backboard:篮板。注意不是basketboard。Backcourt:后场。一支球队本方的半场为后场，即这支球队所要防守的那半场。Backdoor paly:篮球基本战术之一。当一个队员在罚球弧周围接到球时，另一个动员立刻从弱侧切入篮下，接队友的传球投篮得分。Back pass:背后传球。Baseline:底线。球场两端的边界线。Basket:篮筐。也作ring，还有一种通俗的说法是hoop。Bench:替补队员。Block shot:盖帽(缩写：Blk.)。Blocking Foul：阻挡犯规。Boo:嘘声(n)；发出嘘声(v)。球迷发泄不满的一种方法。Bounce pass:击地传球。Box out:抢篮板球挡人，即抢篮板球时站在对手和篮之间，用身体挡住防守队员的动作。Box score:技术统计。Bounce pass:地板反弹传球。BPG:平均每场盖帽。Brick：球打在篮筐或篮板上被崩出来。许多公牛队的球迷在客队罚球时都手执一块上写“Brick”的牌子在罚球队员的眼前不停的晃动，扰乱他的视线，以达到干扰罚球的目的。Bury a shot:投篮命中。Buzzer beater:比赛结束前的最后一投。buzzer是比赛用的蜂鸣器。

C: Captian:队长。队长是场上惟一有资格与裁判讨论规则和判罚的人。

Career-high:职业生涯最高纪录。Carry the ball:翻腕违例。Center:中锋。Cental Division: 中部赛区。Charge:冲撞。Chief Official:主裁判。Close calls:比分接近的比赛。Clutch shot:至胜入球。Clutch time:生死时刻，投入一球可决定胜负的决定性时刻。Coach:教练。比如Head coach是主教练，Assistant coach是助理教练。Coast-to-coast:从球场的一端到另一端(n)。例如：coast-to-coast pass。Collactive Bargaining Agreement:劳资协定。Conference:联盟。NBA分东、西两个联盟(Eastern Conference和Western Conference)，每个联盟都有自己的logo。Commissioner:总裁。NBA的现任总裁是David Stern。Court:球场；赛场。home court主场。Crossover:交叉运球过人。是Tim Hardaway的商标动作。Crunch time：关键时间（通常指最后两分钟）。Cut:切入。

D: Debut:首次上场。DEF:防守篮板（后场篮板）。Dead ball:死球。Defense:防守。当客队进攻时，我们经常能听到主场的球迷在体育馆音效师的带领下高喊“Defense!Defense!”。Deny the ball:绕前防守。Disqualification:被罚下场(缩写：DQ.)。Division:赛区。NBA共有四个赛区，每个联盟下属两个赛区。DNP：没有出场。Double-double:两双，即两项技术统计指标达两位数。

Double-team:双人夹击。Double dribble:两次运球。Double foul:双方犯规。Doubleteam：双人包夹。Down the strech:关键时刻。Downtown:三分线以外。DQ:被罚出场。（disqualification)Draft: 选秀，即NBA每年一度的纳新大会。Draft pick:获选新秀。Dribble:运球(vt,n)。Drive:突破。Driving layup:突破上篮。Duo:原义是二重唱，在篮球中专指双人组合。

E:Eastern Conference:东部联盟。Eject:逐出场外。Expansion:扩充球队。F: Fadeaway shot:后仰投篮。也作fadeaway jumper。Fake:假动作(n)；做假动作(v)。Fall in:投进。Fast break:快攻；快速突破。FG%:相当于field goal percentage,投篮命中率。3PG%:三分球命中率。Finals:总决赛。Semifinals半决赛。Field goal:投篮(总称)，包括两分球的投篮也包括三分球的投篮(缩写：FG.)。Finger roll:低手上篮时手指拨球的动作。Flagrant foul:没有必要或动作过大的犯规，恶意犯规。Foul:犯规。个人犯规是personal foul；全队的累计犯规叫team foul。Foul trouble：一个队员由于受到犯规次数的约束而带来的麻烦，比如说这个队员的犯规次数已接近6次，再犯一次或两次规就将被罚下场。Franchise:球队。Free agent:自由人。合同的期满的运动员和新人都是自由人，自由人的去留不受球队约束。Free throw:罚球(缩写：FT.)。Frontcourt:前场。对手的半场为前场，即本方队员攻击的那半场。FT%:罚球命中率。FTM-FTA:罚中次数/罚球次数。

G: G:出场次数。General manager:总经理。Give-and-go:基本战术配合之一，进攻队员将球传给另队友--give，然后向篮下切入，再接队友的回传球上篮(或扣篮)得分--go。Goaltending:干扰入球。GS:games starting,先发出场次数。Gunner:经常投篮的投手。

H: Hall of Frame:篮球名人堂。Hall of Framer:名人堂成员。Half:半场。Hand-checking:a:一种防守技术，即用手接触对方的身体来跟踪对手的位置。也作hand-check。b:防守犯规的一种。防守队员用手阻挡进攻队员的走位。不能张开双臂阻挡防守队员的移动，合法的hand-checking技术只允许用手接触对方的身体来跟踪对手的位置，但手部不允许加力，也不允许阻碍对手的视线。Hang time:滞空时间，即运动员投篮时在空中停留的时间。Head coach:主教练。Held ball:争球。High post:高位，罚球弧的周围。Home game:主场。Hook shot:钩手投篮，有时也直接用“hook”表示。Hoop:篮圈。

I: Illegal defense:非法防守。联防防守即为非法防守(从这个赛季起允许联防了）。Incidental contact:非故意接触。Isolation:孤立打法（即4名防守球员拉到一边，让剩下的进攻队员在强侧一打一。）Injury list:伤员名单。如果

某个队员受伤不能参加比赛，根据NBA的规定必须要将其列入伤员名单(伤员名单是公开的)，以示对球迷的负责，进入此名单者至少五场不能出战。

J: Jam:扣篮。one-handed jam单手扣篮；two-handed jam双手扣篮。著名歌星Michael Jackson和Michael Jordan合作拍过一部MTV，名字就叫“Jam”。Jersey:运动员的背心，也作uniform。有些为球队做出过巨大贡献的运动员退役时他的jersey也跟随他一起退役，他的jersey被高悬在球队主场的天花板上，这意味着以后其他运动员不能再使用这件jersey上的号码了。Jump ball:跳球；争球。Jump shot:跳投。也作jumper。

K:Kicking ball:脚踢球。

L: Lane:罚球区，也作free throw lane。篮球刚发明的时侯罚球区是细长的，其宽度比罚球弧的直径还要短，形状就象把钥匙，所以也称之为the key。Layup:单手上篮。Ligament:韧带。Cruciate ligament，十字韧带，膝关节中的韧带，是运动员最容易受伤的部位，分anterior cruciate ligament和posterior cruciate ligament。Live ball:活球。Locker room:更衣室。Lottery:确定选秀顺序的过程。以前是通过掷硬币决定，因其不确定性所以称之为“lottery”。Lockout:因劳资纠纷而停赛。Loose ball foul:争抢球犯规。Losing streak:连败纪录。Low post:低位，三秒区内，篮筐两侧，靠近底线的那部分，俗称内线、篮下。

M: Marquee player:招牌球员。Matchup:攻防上各个位置的对应关系(n)。Meniscus:半月板。膝关节中的一块软骨，也是运动员容易受伤的地方之一，我们经常会听到某个运动员因为半月板撕裂而上了伤员名单，几个月不能打球。Mid West Division:中西部赛区。MIN:出场时间（分钟）。Mismacth:错位防守。Move:移动。这个词在NBA里出现的频率特别高，比如，一个漂亮的移动我们说“Great move!”；后转身的摆脱我们称之为“Spin move”。MVP:Most Valuable Player，最有价值的运动员。

N: Net:篮网。检验球是否入筐的标志，原Utah的David Benoit在扣篮时，球砸在自己的头上从篮筐中弹出，而且整个过程中球又没有触及篮网，结果进球被判无效。No.1 pick:状元秀。No-charge area:进攻有理区。根据去年的新规则在两个篮下各画定一以篮筐的中心为圆心，以4英尺为半径的半圆(虚线)，此区域被称作进攻有理区，在进攻有理区里只有带球撞人而没有阻挡犯规(注：O'Neal修正案除外)。No-look pass:声东击西的传球。

O: Offense:进攻。形容词形式是offensive(缩写：off.)，可以修饰其它名词，例如offensive rebound就是前场篮板球(进攻篮板球)。Offical:裁判。Outlet

pass:抢到篮球板后的第一传，一般都是隔场的长传。Outscore:得分超过对手。Overtime:加时赛，时间为5分钟。

P: Pacific Division:太平洋赛区。Paint:三秒区。Palming:我们常说的二次运球，走步，运球违例动作，也作Carrying the ball。Pass:传球。Penetration:渗透。Period:节。Personal foul:个人犯规。Pick-and-roll:挡拆战术。篮球中的基本进攻战术之一，进攻队员给持球的队友作掩护英语叫“set a pick”，然后掩护队员向篮下移动叫“roll”，再接队友的传球，在无人防守的情况下投篮。Pick and Roll是Malone和Stockton的看家本领。以pick为基础衍生出的战术还有pick-and-fade、pick-and-split等。Pick:掩护。Pivot:a:以一只脚为中枢脚转动身体改变方向的动作(n)。b:篮下，通常由中锋控制的区域。Play 1-5:分别是打组织后卫、攻击后卫、小前锋、大前锋、中锋位置。Play mind games:攻心战。Playoff:复赛；季后赛，即常规赛结束后各联盟的前八名的淘汰赛。Point guard:组织后卫，也作控球后卫。Position:位置。NBA中运动员被分为三个位置--前锋、中锋、后卫。Power forward:大前锋，我国常称之为二中锋。PPG:points per game,平均每场得分。Preseason games:季前赛。Press:紧逼(防守)。full-court press，全场紧逼；half-court press，半场紧逼。Pros:职业圈。PTS:得分数。Punching foul:击打球犯规。

Q: Quadruple-double:四双。即四项技术统计指标超过两位数。Quarter:节。一场NBA比赛分四节，每节12分钟。前两节称first-half，后两节称second-half。Rebound:篮板球(缩写：Reb.)。

R: Rebound:篮板球。Refree:裁判。Regular season:常规赛。Rejection:盖帽。Reverse:反身的(a)。比如从底线切入后的反身扣篮是reverse dunk。Rim:篮圈。Ring：冠军戒指。Road game:客场。Rookie:新人，即第一年在NBA打球的运动员。Run:连续得分。比赛中屏幕上会经常打出某支球队12-0 run in last 4 minutes，就是说这支球队在刚刚过去的4分钟内连得了12分，打了个12比0的小高潮。Roundup:综述。RPG:平均每场篮板球。Runner-up:第二名。Running game:高速度进攻。

S: Salary Cap:工资上限。Score:得分。Scorer得分手。Scout:球探。Screen:掩护，同pick。Scrimmage:训练比赛。Season:赛季。Second chance points:二次进攻得分。Series:轮。Shot:投篮。Shot clock:24秒计时器。Sideline:边线。Sink a shot:投篮命中。Sixth man:第六人，即第一个替补上场的队员。Sky-hook:大勾手。Slam dunk:重扣，特指双手持球高高跳起的使出吃奶力气的重扣，也可以是单手的重扣，这里slam表示砰的一声，强调扣篮时发出的声音。也作Dunk。Sleeper:沉睡者（选秀中被忽视，排位靠后但表现突出的新秀）。Small forward:小前锋。SPG:steals per game,平均每场抢断。Squad:五人组，篮球队的非正式说法。Starting-lineup:开场阵容。Steal:断球；抢断球(缩写：Stl.)。Strong & conditioning :体能训练。Strong side:强侧。有球的一侧为强侧。Substitutes:替补队员。Suspend:暂时中止运动员上场比赛；禁赛。Sweep:横扫对手（在某一轮季后赛中全胜）。Switch:换(防)。

T: Team:夹击。(注：不一定是双人夹击，可以是多人夹击)Team up:球员参与的社区互助活动。Team foul:集体犯规。Teamwork:全队合作。Technical foul:技术犯规。Three-point shot:三分投篮。Three-pointer:三分球。Three-point play:打三分（投中2分并加罚1分）。Three-second violation:三秒违例。Tie:平局；打平。Timeout:暂停。NBA中有20秒的短暂停(20-second timeout)和100秒的长暂停(regular timeout)。Timer:计时员。Tip-in:补篮。Tipoff:开球。Tomahawk:战斧式扣篮。Trade:交换球员。Trailer:快攻中拖后的球员。Transition:由攻转守的过程。Trash talk:场上说脏话。Traveling:走步违例，也作Walking。Trip:绊人。Triple-double:三双，即三项技术统计指标超两位数。Tripleteam:三人包夹。Turnover:失误，(缩写：To.)。NBA中专门有一项数据统计叫assist/turnover，是用这个队员助攻数比上他的失误数，这项统计能准确的反映一个组织后卫是否称职。

U: Uniform:制服。篮球运动员的制服当然是背心和短裤了，uniform有时也特指背心。Unsportsmanship:非体育道德行为。Uptempo game:高速度进攻。V: Veteran:老运动员，通常指球龄满一年的球员。NBA非常重视veteran，各球队都把自己的veteran视作一笔财富，veteran这个词在NBA出现的几率是非常高的。

W: Waive:放弃，中止合同。War room:作战室（球队的会议室）。Weak side:弱侧。无球的一侧为弱侧。Western Conference:西部联盟。Wide open:开阔(n)，无人防守。大多数情况下战术配合的目的就是给队友制造wide open，以便从容出手。Windmill:风车式扣篮。Winning streak:连胜纪录。

Z: Zone:联防；区域防守。也作Zone defense。

第三篇：钻石术语中英文对照

钻石术语(中英对照详解):

买钻石或是投资钻石，首先就是要对钻石有一定的了解，学习钻石知识要先学习钻石术语。下面介绍了解钻石必知的钻石术语大全!

1,Diamond钻石

是主要由碳元素组成的等轴（立方）晶系天然矿物。摩氏硬度10，密度3.52（±0.01）g/cm3,折射率2.417，色散0.044。

2,Diamond grading 钻石分级

从颜色(colour)、净度(clarity)、切工(cut)、及质量(carat）四个

方面对钻石进行等级划分，简称4C分级。

3,Diameter直径

钻石腰部圆形水平面的直径，其中最大值称为最小直径，1/2（最大直径+最小直径）值称为平均直径。

4,cut grading 切工分级

通过测量和观察，从比率和修饰度两个方面对钻石加工工艺完美性进行等级划分。5,Table facet 台面

冠部八边形刻面。

6,Table proportion 台宽比

台面宽度相对于平均直径的百分比，计算公式见下台宽比=台面宽度/平均直径×100% 7,Crown 冠部

腰以上部分，有33个刻面。

8,crown angle 冠部角

冠部主刻面与腰部水平面的夹角。

9,crown proportion 宽高比

冠部高度相对于平均直径的百分比，计算公式见下宽高比=冠部高度/平均直径×100% 10,Culet 底尖（或底小面）

亭部主刻面的交汇点，呈点壮或呈小八边形刻面。

11,culet proportion 底尖比

底尖直径相对于平均直径的百分比，计算公式见下底尖比=底尖直径/平均直径×100% 12,Pavolion angle 亭部角

亭部主刻面与腰部水平面的夹角。

13,Pavilion proportion 亭深比

亭部深度相对于平均直径的百分比，计算公式见下亭深比=亭部深度/平均直径×100% 14,Cleavage 破口

钻石腰部边缘破损的小口。

15,Cloud 云状物

钻石中朦胧状、乳状、无清晰边界的天然包裹体。

16,Cluster setting 群镶

主石被较小的伴石包围，所以多颗较小的钻石，可组合成更大更漂亮的戒指。

17,Colour grading 颜色分级

采用比色法，在规定的环境下对钻石颜色进行等级划分。

18,Crystal 内部纹理

钻石内部的天然结晶面。

19,Dimond master set 比色石

一套已标定颜色级别的标准钻型切工钻石样品, 依次代表由高至低连续的颜色级别。20,Dimond light 比色灯

色温在5500K~7200K范围内的日光灯。

21,Dispersion色散

进入钻石内的光线，根据不同切面角度作内部反射，光线的分配反射产生彩虹七色，称为色散。

22,Feather羽状纹

钻石内部或延伸至内部的部分。

23,Finish 修饰度/磨光

钻石切割和抛光之后的表面平滑程度。如果打磨手工上乘，钻石就拥

有优质磨光。

24,Fire 火彩度

指钻石分解反射出七彩色谱光的强度。与切工比率以及对称性密切相关。

25,Fluorescence degree 荧光强度

钻石在长波紫光照射下发出的可见光强弱程度。部份钻石在紫外线下，会发出较白、较黄、或较蓝的光芒，这特点称为荧光效应。一般非专业人士通常不会察觉。荧 光效应不是衡量钻石素质的指标，只是该颗钻石的一种特性。而且个人对此的喜好也有所不同。我国按钻石在长波紫外光下发光强弱划分为“强”、“中”、“弱”、“无”4个级别。国外通常分为negligible，none，inert，faint，blue，strong blue六个级别。

26,Girdle 腰

钻石中直径最大的圆周。

27,Girdle fringes 腰部裂痕

打磨过程中，钻石腰上可能的出现幼细裂痕。较轻微的裂痕经重新打

磨，可被完全去除。

28,Girdle proportion 腰厚比

腰部厚度相对于平均直径的百分比，计算公式见下

腰厚比=腰部厚度/平均直径×100%

29,Growth 或grain lines 钻石纹理

这些细纹或平面属于内部瑕疵，并须将钻石以极慢速度旋转，才可察

觉得到。它们于某些角度出现又瞬间消失。

30,Inclusions 内含物

因为是天然形成的，所以每颗钻石内部都有不同的瑕疵，每颗钻石亦

因此与别不同。你可以从净度分级规则中，知道这些天然胎记的数量大小和种类。内含物又可分 为云状、结晶状、针点及羽状纹等等。内含物的位置亦直接影响钻石的净度及价值。31,Indented Natural 内凹原始

钻石净面凹如钻石内部的天然结净面。

32,Pinpoint 点状包体

钻石内部极小的天然包裹体。

33,Platinum 铂金

镶嵌钻石的理想金属,PT是其标志。

34,Point 分

重量在1克拉以下的钻石通常也用“分”作为计量单位，1克拉=100分。

35,Polish 打磨∕抛光

指切割技师将钻石胚打磨及造出钻石切面的工序。钻石外表打磨的程度,是衡量钻石品质的重要指标。

36,Poor Cut 不良切工

切工是指技师切割瓣面的角度，及完成切割后钻石各部份的比例。切割太深或太浅都称为不良切工，当钻石腰部以下比例太深或太浅，光

线会由底部或旁边流走，失却光采，钻石价值亦变得较低。

37,Proportion 比率

钻石各个面的数值相对于平均直径的百分比。

38,Rose Gold 玫瑰金

含有75%的黄金的黄色合金。

39,Round brilliant cut 圆钻型切工

理想式切工，也称托尔科夫斯基工。是波兰数学家马歇尔•托尔科夫斯基Marcel Tolkowsky（1899～1991）于1919年首先计算出理论上让钻石反射最大量光线的切割方程式。台面阔度应为总阔度之53%，亭面角度应为 40及45度。有57或58个刻面。

40,Scintillation 闪光

当钻石反射光线，从切面发出的点点光芒称为闪光。

41,Silver银

常用于添加在K白金中。

42,Symmetry 对称性

钻石切割打磨后获得的各部分的围绕中心点的水平对称, 即切面排列及相互的角度。与比率一样同为评价切工的重要指标。如果一顆鑽石的車工及比例均屬優良，對稱的切割會令閃光及火采更加強烈。国外证书关于对称性 的评价较为详细,从高到低依次有 ideal(ID), excellent(EX)(或Premium), very good(VG),fair(F),poor(P)。

43,Twinning Wisp 抛光纹

钻石抛光不当造成的细密线状痕迹，在同一刻面内相互平行。

44,Upper main facet 冠部主刻面（风筝面）

冠部四边形刻面。

45,Upper main facet上腰面

腰与冠部主刻面之间的似三角形刻面。

46,Ring size 手寸

戒指指圈的大小称为手寸，以号来表示。东方人的手寸大小在8号-24号之间。47,NGTC(国家珠宝玉石质量监督检验中心)

国家珠宝玉石质量监督检验中心（National Gemstone Testing Centre）是由国家有关主管部门依法授权的国家级珠宝玉石专业质检机构，是中国珠宝玉石检测方面的权威。检验中心面向社会提供委托检验服务，承担国家 的市场监督检验、仲裁检验、进出口商品检验，制定、修订相关的国家标准等多项任务。国家钻石标准的主要修订人。

48,GIA美国珠宝学院

The Gemological Institute of America, 美国珠宝学院, 国际权威的钻石检测机构。

第四篇：商标术语中英文对照

商标术语中英文对照

知识产权 INTELLECTURL PROPERTY 工业产权 INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY 外观设计 DESIGN 发明 INVENTION 发明人 INVENTOR 货源标记 INDICATION OF SOURCE 原产地名称 APPELLATION OF ORIGIN（AOS）地理标记 GEOPRAPHICAL INDICATION（GIS）世界贸易组织《WTO》 WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION 关税及贸易总协定《GATT》 GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE 亚太经济合作组织《APEC》 ASIA PACIFIC ECONOMIC COOPERATION 与贸易有关的知产权协议《TRIPS》 AGREEMENT ON TRADE RELATED ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS 世界知识产权组织《WIPO》 WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION 保护知识产权联合国际局 INTERNATIONAL BOARD OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT 保护工业产权巴黎公约 PARIS CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY 商标际注册马德里协定 MADRID AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL REGISTRATION OF MARKS 商标注册条约《TRT》 TRADE MARK REGISTRATION TREATY 商注册用商品与国际分类尼斯协定 NICE AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSFICATION OF GGODS AND SERVICES FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE REGISTRATION OF MARKS 建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定 VIENNA AGREEMENT FR ESTABLISHING AND INTERNATIONAL CLASSFICATION OF THE FIGURATIVE ELEMENTS OF MARKS 专利合作条约《PCT》 PATENT CO－OPERATION TREATY 共同体专利公约 COMMUNITY产PATENT CONVENTION 斯特拉斯堡协定《SA》 STRASBOURG AGREEMENT 工业外观设计国际保存海协定 THE HAGUE AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL DEPOSIT OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS 工业外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定 LOCARNO GREEMENT ON ESTABLISHING AND INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS 商标，外观设计与地理标记法律常设委员会（SCT）STANDING COMMITTE ON THE LAW OF TRADEMARKS，INDUSTRIAL DESIGN AND GERGRAPHICAL INDICATION 国际专利文献中心《INPADOC》 INTERNATIONAL PATENT DOCUMENTATION CENTER 欧洲专利局《EPO》 EUROPEAN PATENT OFFICE 欧洲专利公约 EUROPEAN PATENT CONVENTION 比荷卢商标局 TRADE MARK OFFIICE OF BELGIUM－HOLLAND－LUXEMBURG 法语非洲知识产权组织 ORGANIZATION OF AFRICAN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 国际商标协会 THE INTERNATIONAL TRADEMARK ASSOCIATION 中华人民共和国商标法 TTRADEMARK LAW OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA 英国商标法 TRADEMARK LAW OF UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND 美国商标法 TRADEMARK LAW OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 1 日本商标法 JAPANESE TRADEMARK LAW 商标 TRADE MARK

商标局 TRADE MARK OFFICCE 商标法 TRADEMARK LAW 文字商标 WORD MARK 图形商标 FIGURATIVE MARK 组合商标 ASSOCIATED MARK 保证商标 CERTIFICATION MARK 集体商标 COLLECTIVE MARK 驰名商标 WELL－KNOWN MARK 著名商标 FAMOUYS MARK近似商标 SIMILAR MARK 防御商标 DEFENSIVE MARK 服务标记 SERVICE MARK 注册商标 REGISTERED MARK 商标注册申请人 TRADE MARK REGISTRANT 注册申请日 APPLICATION DATE OF TRADE MARK 注册申请号 APPLICATION NUMBER 商标注册证 TRADE MARK REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE 商标注册号 TRADE MARK REGISTRATION NUMBER 商标注册日 TRADE MARK REGISTRATION DATE 商标注册簿 TRADE MARK REGISTERED BOOK 注册有效期 THE TERM OF VALIDITY 商标注册官 EXAMINATION FOR TRADE MARK REGISTRATION 注册查询 TRADE MARK ENQUIRIES 注册续展 RENEWAL OF TRADE MARK 分别申请 SEPARATE APPLICATION 重新申请 NEW REGISTRATION 别行申请 NEW APPLICATION 变更申请 APPLICATION REGARDING CHANGES 注册代理 TRADE MARK AGENCY 注册公告 TRADE MARK PUBLICATION 申请注册 APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION 续展注册 RENEWAL OF REGISTRATION 转让注册 REGISTRATION OF ASSIGNMENT 变更注人名义／地址／其它注册事项 MODIFICATION OF NAME／ADDRESS OF REGISTRANT／OTHER MATTERS 补发商标证书 REISSUANCE OF REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE 注销注册商标 REMOVAL 证明 CERTIFICATION 异议 OPPOSITION 使用许可合同备案 RECORDAL OF LICENSE CONTRACT 驳回商标复审 REVIEW OF REFUSED TRADEMARK 驳回续展复审 REVIEW OF REFUSED RENEWAL

驳回转让复审 REVIEW OF REFUSED ASSIGNMENT 撤销商标复审 REVIEW OF ADJUDICATION ON OPPOSITION 异议复审 REVIEW OF ADJUDICATION ON OPPOSITION 争议裁定 ADJUDICATION ON DISPUTED REGISTERED TRADEMARK 撤销注册不当裁定 ADJUDICATION ON CANCELLATION OF IMPROPERLY REGISTERED TRADEMARK 撤销注册不当复审 REVIEW ON CANCELLATION OF IMPROPERLY REGISTERED TRADEMARK 处理商标纠纷案件 DEALING WITH INFRINGEMENT 优先权 PRIORITY 注册申请优先日 DATE OF PRIORITY 注册商标使用人 USER OF REGISTERED TRADE MARK 注册商标专用权 EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO USE REGISTERED TRADE MARK 注册商标的转让 ASSIGNMENT OF REGISTERED TRADE MARK 商标的许可使用 LICENSING OF REGISTERED TRADE MARK 使用在先原则 PRINCIPLE OF FIRST TO USE 注册在先原则 PRINCIPLE OF FIRST APPLICATION 商标国际分类 INTERNATIONAL CLASSFICATION OF GOODS 专利 PATENT 专利权 PATENT RIGHT 专利权人 PATENTEE 专利代理 PATENT AGENCY 产品专利 PRODUCT PATENT 专利性 PATENTABLITY 专利申请权 RIGHT TO APPLY FOR A PATENT 实用新颖 UTILITY MODEL 专有性 MONOPOLY 专利的新颖性 NOVELTY OF PATENT 专利的实用性 PRACTICAL APPLICABILITY 专利的创造性 INVENTIVE 专利文件 PATENT DOCUMENT 专利申请文件 PATENT APPLICATION DOCUMENT 专利请求书 PATENT REQUEST 专利说明书 PATENT SPECIFICATION 专利要求书 PATENT CLAIM 专利证书 LETTER OF PATENT 商标淡化法 TRADEMARK DILUTION ACT 商标权的权利穷竭 EXHAUSTION TRADEMARK 平行进口 PARALLEL IMPORT 灰色进口 GRAY IMPORT 反向假冒 REVERSE PASSING－OFF 显行反向假冒 EXPRESS REVERSE PASSING－OFF 隐形反向假冒 IMPLIED REVERSE PASSING－OFF 附带使用 COLLATERAL USE 3

第五篇：泵术语中英文对照

                      absorption pump 吸收泵;吸收器泵

accelerated circulation by pump 泵力加速循环 accelerating pump 加速泵

accelerating pump lever 加速泵杠杆 acceleration pump 加速泵

acceleration pump well 加速泵油池 accelerator pump 加速器泵

accelerator pump lever 加速器泵杠杆

accelerator pump outlet valve ball 加速器泵出油阀钢球 accelerator pump spray nozzle 加速器泵喷管 acid circulating pump 酸循环泵 acid pump 酸泵

acid-resistant ceramic jet pump 耐酸陶瓷喷射泵 acid-resistant ceramic pump 耐酸陶瓷泵

acid-resistant ceramic slurry pump 耐酸陶瓷砂浆泵 acid-resistant stoneware pump 耐酸陶瓷泵 acid-resisting pump 耐酸泵

adjustable blade propeller pump 可调叶片螺桨泵 adjustable delivery pump 可调输料泵

adjustable discharge gear pump 可调卸料齿轮泵 adjustable pump vane 可调泵叶

adjustable-blade propeller pump 可调叶片式轴流泵  after booster pump 后增压泵  air bottle of pump 泵的空气室  air chamber of pump 泵的气室  air chamber pump 带空气室的泵  air dome of pump 泵的气室  air extracting pump 抽气泵  air feed pump 供气泵

 air lift pump 气动抽水泵;气动升液泵;气动提水泵; air operated pump 压缩空气驱动泵  air pressure pump 空气压缩泵

 air pump 气泵;抽风泵;抽气机;排气唧筒;空气泵  Air Pump 唧筒星座;唧筒星座  air pump governor 气泵调节器  air pump valve 气泵阀  air turbine pump 空气涡轮泵  air-chamber pump 气室泵

 air-driven grout pump 气动灌浆泵  air-life pump 风动抽水泵  air-lift pump 空气提升泵  air-operated pump 气动泵  air-powered pump 气力泵

 air-tight screw pump 密闭式螺杆泵

气压泵          