第一篇：新视野大学英语1读写教程课后完形翻译

(1)I, for one, am far from ready to use online courses for my learning.Don’t get me wrong I am very happy about all the communication and learning opportunities the courses have give us.But for me those opportunities should not be used to replace classroom activities.In other words, they are only tools to help me learn what has already been offered in the classroom.(1)我是一个远离准备使用在线课程的学习。别误会我,我很高兴所有的交流和学习的机会给我们的课程。但对我来说这些机会不应该用来取代课堂活动。换句话说,他们是唯一的工具来帮助我学习已经提供了在 教室里。I love the classroom.I love having classmates.There are forty students in my class right now, and I think it’s great.I even love having classmates who are better than me.And, Let’s not forget the smell of ink on paper, the sound of chalk on a blackboard, the hardness of a wooden bench or heat inside the classroom in early September.I love it all.But most of all, I love having a teacher—a ―real live‖ teacher.I get excited when I am in the classroom with a good teacher.I learn in a way that has been proven to work.I am given insight not only into a certain subject, but also into the world.我爱教室。我爱拥有的同学。有 40 个学生现在我班上,我觉得很好。我甚至喜欢拥有同学是比我更好。还有,我们不忘记纸上的墨迹的气味,声音的粉笔在黑板上,硬度木质长凳或热在 9 月初在教室里。我爱这 一切。但最重要的是,我喜欢有一个 teacher-a“真正的生活”的老师。我激动当我在教室,一个好老师。我学习的方式已经被证明可行。我有洞察力不仅投入到一个特定的主题,但也变成了世界。What makes having a classroom teacher so special? A good teacher pushes me to succeed.A good teacher rewards me with praise when I have done well and stays positive and gives me hope when I am down.I don’t believe that a teacher using a virtual classroom can reach out to in the same way.A teacher communicating through the Internet cannot share the same type of relationship a classroom teacher and student share.是什么让拥有一个教室的老师如此特别?一个好老师逼迫我成功。一个好老师我报酬与赞美时,我做得很 好,保持积极和带给我希望当我失落的时候。我不相信一个老师用虚拟教室也能接触到的相同的方式。一 个老师在通过因特网不能共享同一类型的关系一个教室的老师和学生分享。I guess that I am lucky to have had situation to so many excellent classroom teachers.I will never forget the kindness and commitment that those teachers have shown me Their examples make it hard for me to accept a way of learning that does not include them.You can me ―old-fashioned‖, but as long as there is a classroom, that’s where I will be learning.我猜,我很幸运有许多优秀的状况任课教师。我永远都不会忘记的仁慈与承诺,那些教师们告诉我他们的 例子使我很难接受的方法来学习,不包括他们。你可以我“老式的”,但只要有一个教室,这就是我将学习。

(2)I’m not sure whether a ―generation gap‖ exists, but if it does, I hope I’m still standing on the youth’s side of the gap.I may be 50 and then some, but I still like to rock.When I was younger, I listened to all of the new rock and roll music , and I really got into it.But, listening to as well as rocking to new and unique music.I have to admin that rock and roll has changed since I was a teenager, but it is still about using rhythm to express feeling.(2)我不确定是否存在“代沟”,但如果这样做,我希望我还站在青年方面的差距。我可能是 50,然后是有一 些,但我仍然喜欢摇滚。当我年轻的时候,我听了所有的新摇滚音乐,我真的进入它。但是,听以及新的和独 特的音乐震撼。我不得不管理那个摇滚已经改变了因为我是一个十几岁的少年,但它仍然是关于使用节奏 表达的感觉。Some of the changes have been very positive.Advances in technology made personal recording simple and given us access to music on the Internet Nowadays you can’t throw a stone without hitting someone that has made their own CD.You don’t have to just listen to music made and sold by big record companies.Many groups send their music straight to community radio stations This allows for truly new music to be heard that record companies have never even touched I play drums for one such group myself.一些非常积极的变化。技术上的进步使个人记录简单和给我们访问互联网音乐现在你不能把一块石头扔 不打人,使得自己的 CD。你不必仅仅听音乐的生产和销售的大型唱片公司。许多团体发送他们的音乐直 接向社区广播站这允许真正全新的音乐是听说唱片公司从来没有被我打鼓为自己这样的一个组织。My daughter is an actual teenager and she is thoroughly disgusted by my listening to and playing , as she puts it, ‖those awful tunes.‖ Classical music and playing the piano appeal to her.She pretends to show concern by making comments like ,‖You should turn that stuff down or you will hurt your ears, ‖but I know what she is really trying to say is upset ,though.And I don’t worry about my music having a(n)negative influence on her In any case ,she is probably right about my ears;I likely have lost some hearing from going to too many loud concert as I have.I can’t stay that it wasn’t worth it, though.If I had to it all over again I would do it all the same except I would protect my ears better 我的女儿是一个实际的十几岁的孩子和她是彻底的反感,我听和玩耍,正如她所说的,“那些可怕的曲调。“古典音乐和弹奏钢琴吸引她。她假装关心通过评论,像是“你应该把这些东西下来或者你会伤害到你的 耳朵,“但我知道她是真正想说的是沮丧,虽然。和我不担心我的音乐有一个(n)负面的影响在任何情况下, 她可能是对关于我的耳朵,我可能失去一些听到要太多的响亮的演唱会是我。我不能留在不值得,虽然。如果我必须重新来过,我还会这么做相同的除了我将保护我的耳朵好

(3)Do not put off until tomorrow the good you can do today.There are so many possibilities that can get in the way of a good or great deed Examples of people who missed out on good opportunities are everywhere , and when it is too late, they regret missing the chance to have been of service.Saying ―tomorrow‖ just once instead of doing some good may lead to a habit of saying ―tomorrow‖.and tomorrow may never come.One delay is followed by another , and matters get out of hand quickly ,even when attempts are made to correct them.(3)不拖到明天你今天能够做的好。有如此多的可能性,可以得到一个好或大好事的例子错过了好机会到 处都是,当它是太迟了,他们后悔错过了机会,的服务。说“明天”只是一次而不是做一些好事可能导致一 个习惯:说“明天”。而明天也许永远不会再来。紧接着是另一次延迟,问题失控的快,甚至当努力改正。Therefore , we must take things on as soon as we see them.This is the secret to progress and success One good deed can awaken us to new and greater opportunities to help those around us ,and thus, make our life richer.One good turn leads to another , and thus, the good is made larger.Once something great has been achieved,we are free to set our sights on the next opportunity to help that arise Each new opportunity may be bigger and better than the last And so ,I urge you to use all your efforts to do what good you can today instead of tomorrow.因此,我们必须把东西只要我们看到它们。这是进步和成功的秘诀一件好事可以使我们意识到新的和更大 的机会来帮助周围的人,并因此,让我们的生活变得更丰富。一个好的将导致另一个,因此,好消息是做出更 大。一旦一些伟大已经实现,我们可以将我们的视野在接下来的机会帮助出现的每一个新的机会可能会比 去年更大更好,因此,我建议你使用你的努力去做什么好你可以今天而不是明天。Do not spend your time with thing that are neither good nor valuable.This will save you from mistake.If you are given a task that you do not believe is helpful ,delay it.Time will wash it away for you.At the same time, the beginnings of something positive will have built up.Do it at once!A kind word ,or a(n)service to others is never a waste of your time ,and you will reap the benefits of doing good and enjoy peace of mind.不要把你的时间和件既不好也不有价值的。这将会节省你的错误。如果你得到的是一个任务,你不相信是 有帮助的,推迟。时间将会为你冲洗。同时,一些积极的开端就已经建立了。马上去做吧!一个亲切的话语, 或一个(n)服务于他人是从不浪费你的时间,你将会收获的益处好和享受平和的心态。

(4)Standing in the door of Mr Murphy’s office ,I could see he was learned on something he was reading.He had both elbow on his desk, his head was resting on one hand and his other hand was cupped about his mouth.I knew that he was keeping his office hours and that student participation was encouraged ,but all the same , I was afraid to approach.Then ,as I turned to leave , my foot banged against the bottom of the door ,startling me and causing the professor to look up.His eyes had simply moved from the desk to me, but the rest of his physical body remained the same.He invited me in without gesture, just a ―Come in.What is it that you need? ‖ There was little if any warmth or tone in his voice;it wasn’t exactly encouragement Despite being intimidated, I made a conscious effort to relax and persuaded myself to smile and enter the room.―Mr.Murphy ,‖ the pitch of my voice rose as I begin my introduction I am sorry to interrupt.my name is Peter.I am in your second-period English class.(4)站在门口的墨菲先生的办公室,我能看到他从他读的东西。他有两肘放在他的桌子上,他的头靠着一只 手和他的另一只手被捧他口中约。我知道他是把他的办公时间,学生参与深受鼓舞,但同样,我害怕的方法。然后,当我转身离开时,我的脚撞在门的底部,惊人的我,导致教授来查找。他的眼睛也只是简单地从桌子搬 到我,但是他的身体其余部分保持不变。他邀请我在没有动作,只是一个“进来的。你需要什么?“几乎没 有如果任何温暖或音调在他的声音;这并不完全是鼓励尽管受到恐吓,我做了一个有意识放松和说服自己 微笑,进入这个房间。“奥。墨菲,”我的声音的音调玫瑰,我开始了我的介绍我抱歉打断了。我的名字叫彼 得。我在你的十指关英语课。“Peter did you say it was? ‖ he replied.His reaction disappointed me.It was apparent that I had not made much of an impression with the presentation I made in class last week.he said my name as if he would not have remembered it without my having stated it for him first –as though he were no more impressed than if he had encountered a beggar on the street He continued ,‖Do you have something you want to discuss with me , or do you just stop by to visit ? “彼德你说,这是?“他回答说。他的反应让我很失望。很明显,我并没有产生多大的印象与演示我上周在 教室做的。他说我的名字,他没有记得它没有我对他有表示,尽管他没有第一——更加印象深刻,比起如果 在街上遇到一个乞丐,他继续说,“你有什么你想和我商量,或者你只是顺道参观吗? In fact, I had stopped by to visit,but I was no longer feeling up to it and was looking for a fast exit.It seemed that the invitation he had extend in class ,‖ Drop by my office for a visit anytime.My door is always open.‖ was just a(n)empty gesture probably required by the school.I reach inside my bag and pulled out my English language textbook.I figured I can ask him a quick question rather than try to have a meaningful conversation.事实上,我顺道去拜访,但是我不再感觉它,正在寻找一个快速退出。情况似乎是这样的,他在课堂上邀请扩 展,“掉到我办公室随时访问。我的大门永远是敞开的。“只是一个(n)空的姿态可能要求的学校。我进入 我的袋子,拿出我的英语教材。我想我可以问他一个简单的问题,而不是试图展开有意义的对话。

第二篇：新视野大学英语第三版读写教程1课后翻译

Unit 1 苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一个谜一般的人物，人们主要通过后期的一些古典作家的叙述，尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。苏格拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而闻名。他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法，即通过提问和回答来激发批判性思维以及阐述观点。该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。他还在认识论和逻辑领域作出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方哲学的坚实基础。苏格拉底是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名远扬。虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系，未曾设立什么学派，也未曾创立什么宗派，但他的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher who is credited with laying the fundamentals(基础)of modern Western philosophy.He is a mysterious figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his most famous student Plato.Socrates has become well known for his contribution to the field of ethics.His method of teaching, known as the Socratic Method, by asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to explain ideas remains a commonly used tool in a wide range of discussions.He also made important and lasting contributions to the field of epistemology(认识论)and logic, and the influence of his ideas and approach remains a strong foundation for Western philosophy that followed.Socrates was the most colorful figure in the history of ancient philosophy.His fame was widespread in his own time, and his name soon became a household word although he constructed no philosophical system, established no school, and founded no sect(宗派).孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派（Confucianism）的创始人，被尊称为古代的“圣人”（sage）。他的言论和生平活动记录在《论语》（The Analects）一书中。《论语》是中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了很大影响。不研究《论语》，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。在21世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。

Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history.He was the founder of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient “sage”.His words and life story were recorded in The Analects.An enduring classic of ancient Chinese culture, The Analects has had a great influence on the thinkers, writers, and statesmen that came after Confucius.Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years' traditional Chinese culture.Much of Confucius' thought, especially his thought on education, has had a profound influence on Chinese society.In the 21st century, Confucian thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community.Unit 2 圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文化节日，全世界有许许多多的人在1 2月2 5日庆祝这一节日。它是为了纪念耶稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早可追溯到公元3 3 6年。渐渐地，这一节日演变为一个既是宗教又是非宗教的节日，越来越多的非基督徒也庆祝圣诞节。如今，圣诞节在全球被作为一个重大的节日和公共假日来庆祝。不同国家的圣诞节风俗也各不相同。现代流行的圣诞节风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、唱圣诞歌曲、参加教堂活动、摆放各种圣诞装饰品和圣诞树、举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的大餐。对小孩子们来说，这个节日充满了幻想和惊喜。据传说，圣诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每户人家，给乖巧听话的孩子带来礼物。由于圣诞节送礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督徒和非基督徒的经济活动，圣诞节也因此成为商家的一个重大活动和主要销售季。

Christmas is a widely observed cultural holiday, celebrated on December 25 by millions of people around the world.It commemorates(纪念)the birth of Jesus Christ.The festival dated from as early as 336 AD.Gradually it evolved into a religious as well as secular(非宗教的)celebration, celebrated by an increasing number of non-Christians.Today Christmas is observed as an important festival and public holiday around the world.Christmas customs differ in different countries.Popular modern customs of the holiday include an exchange of Christmas cards and gifts, Christmas singing, church attendance, the display of various Christmas decorations and trees, family gatherings, and a special meal preparation.To small children, the festival is full of fantasy and surprise.Legend(传说)has it that Santa Claus will enter each house through the chimney and bring gifts to well-behaved children on Christmas Eve.Because gift-giving and many other aspects of the Christmas festival heighten economic activity among both Christians and non-Christians, the holiday has also become a significant event and a key sales period for businesses.每 年 农 历（Chinese lunar calendar）八 月 十 五 是我 国 的 传 统 节 日 —— 中 秋 节（the Mid-Autumn Festival）。这时是一年秋季的中期，所以被称为中秋。中秋节的一项重要活动是赏月。夜晚，人们赏明月、吃月饼，共庆中秋佳节。中秋节也是家庭团圆的时刻，远在他乡的游子，会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思念之情。中秋节的习俗很多，都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。自2008年起，中秋节成为中国的法定节假日。

According to the Chinese lunar calendar, August 15 of every year is a traditional Chinese festival — the Mid-Autumn Festival.This day is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn.One of the important Mid-Autumn Festival activities is to enjoy the moon.On that night, people gather together to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at the bright moon and eating moon cakes.The festival is also a time for family reunion.People living far away from home will express their feelings of missing their hometowns and families at this festival.There are many customs to celebrate the festival, all expressing people's love and hope for a happy life.Since 2008, the Mid-Autumn Festival has become an official national holiday in China.Unit 3 伦敦地铁是英国的一个快速交通运输系统，服务于大伦敦的大部分地区。地铁系统因其地铁隧道的典型形状也被称为地下管道。伦敦地铁始建于19 世纪中期，是世界上最早的地下铁路系统。它的第一段地铁于1863 年开始运营。自此，伦敦地铁不断延伸，发展成为一个包括12条线路、275个车站、铁轨总长超过250 英里的地铁杰作，其中有45％在地下运行。就路线长度而言，它是世界上第四大地铁系统，也是车站数量最多的地铁系统之一。作为一个走遍伦敦的经济便捷的途径，伦敦地铁一向是每天数百万通勤者以及在节假日游历伦敦的游客的首选。伦敦地铁已成为伦敦的一个国际标志。2013 年伦敦举办了各种各样的活动，庆祝地铁运营150 周年，纪念这一里程碑。

The London Underground is a rapid transit(交通运输系统)system in the United Kingdom, serving a large part of Greater London.The underground system is also known as the Tube, due to the characteristic shape of the subway tunnels.It all started in the mid-1800s.The Tube was the world's first underground train system, with the first section opening in 1863.Since then it has grown to an underground masterpiece(杰作)of 12 lines, 275 stations, and over 250 miles of rail track, 45% of which is underground.It is the fourth largest metro system in the world in terms of route miles.It also has one of the largest numbers of stations.As an affordable and easy way to get around London, the Tube remains the first choice for millions of commuters each day, as well as tourists visiting the city on holidays.The Tube has been an international icon for London.The London Underground celebrated its 150 years of operation in 2013, with various events marking the milestone(里程碑).中国航天业开创于1956年。几十年来，中国航天事业创造了一个又一个奇迹。1970年，中国成功发射了第一颗人造地球卫星，成为世界上第五个独立自主研制和发射人造地球卫星的国家。1992年，中国开始实施载人航天飞行工程（manned spaceflight program）。2003年，中国成功发射了“神舟五号”载人飞船，使中国成为第三个发射载人飞船的国家。2007年发射了“嫦娥一号”，即第一颗绕月球飞行（lunar-orbiting）的人造卫星。2013年，第五艘载人飞船“神舟十号”发射成功，为中国空间站的建设打下了基础。

China's space industry was launched in 1956.Over the past decades, China's space industry has created one miracle after another.In 1970 China launched its first man-made earth satellite, ranking China the fifth country in the world to independently develop and launch man-made earth satellites.In 1992 China began to carry out the manned spaceflight program.In 2003 China launched Shenzhou-5, a manned spaceship.The successful launch made China the third country to launch manned spaceships.In 2007 Chang'e-1, the first lunar-orbiting man-made satellite, was sent to space.In 2013 Shenzhou-10, the fifth manned spaceship, was launched successfully, laying the foundation for building the Chinese Space Station.Unit 4 作为通过中国游历亚洲的首批欧洲人之一，马可•波罗可能是中国人最熟知的外国商人和航海家。从1271 年到1295 年，他和他的家人游历广泛，遍及欧洲和亚洲。期间，他在中国留居了17 年。他的著作《马可•波罗游记》描述了他游历亚洲的旅程，让欧洲人首次全面领略了包括中国、印度和日本在内的远东地区的情况。从他的文字叙述中，西方人第一次了解到瓷器、煤炭、火药、印刷术、纸币以及丝绸。在15 世纪末和16 世纪欧洲发现与征服的大航海时代，马可•波罗所记录的大量新的地理信息得到了广泛使用。在他去世后的这几个世纪里，马可•波罗获得了他在有生之年未曾获得的赞誉。马可•波罗的故事鼓舞了其他无数的探险者去踏上征程，发现世界。

As one of the first Europeans to travel across Asia through China, Marco Polo is perhaps the most well-known foreign merchant and voyager to the Chinese people.He traveled extensively(广泛地)with his family, journeying from Europe to Asia from 1271 to 1295.He remained in China for 17 of those years.His book The Travels of Marco Polo depicts his journeys throughout Asia, giving Europeans their first comprehensive look into the Far East, including China, India, and Japan.From his written accounts the Westerners learned of porcelain, coal, gunpowder, printing, paper money, and silk for the first time.The wealth of new geographic information recorded by Polo was widely used in the late 15th and the 16th centuries during the age of the European voyages of discovery and conquest(征服).In the centuries since his death, Marco Polo has received the recognition that failed to come his way during his lifetime.Marco Polo's story has inspired countless other adventurers to set off and see the world.郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家（maritime explorer）。公元1405 年，明朝的统治者为了稳固边防（border defense）和开展海上贸易，派郑和下西洋（the Western Seas）。在此后的28 年里，郑和带领船队七下西洋，前后出海的人员有10 多万人，访问了30 多个国家和地区。船队纵横南亚、西亚，一直到非洲大陆。郑和下西洋是世界航海（navigation）史上的壮举，它展现了郑和卓越的航海和组织才能，同时展现了明朝的国力和国威（national strength and prestige），加强了明朝和海外各国之间的关系。

Zheng He was the most famous maritime explorer in Chinese history.In 1405 AD, the ruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He on a voyage to the Western Seas in order to strengthen border defense and develop trade by sea.In the following 28 years, Zheng He led his fleet, made seven voyages to the Western Seas with over 100,000 crew members in total, and visited more than 30 countries and regions.The fleet traveled far into South Asia and West Asia, and made all the way to the continent of Africa.Zheng He's voyages to the Western Seas were a great feat in the world's navigation history.It showed Zheng He's outstanding navigation and organization talents;meanwhile, it exhibited the national strength and prestige of the Ming Dynasty, and strengthened the relationships between the Ming Dynasty and the overseas countries.Unit 5 有关古代奥林匹克运动会的最早文字记载可追溯至公元前776年。古代奥运会每4年举办一次，在8月6日与9月19日之间的一个纪念宙斯的宗教节日期间举行。第一届现代奥运会于1896年在希腊雅典举办。奥运会的标志由五个大小相同的套环组成，代表着五大洲的联合和来自世界各地运动员的大聚会。奥运会真正腾飞、成为一项国际体育盛会是在1924年之后，即第8届奥运会在巴黎举办之后。这一年，来自44个国家约3,000名运动员同场竞技，并且第一次在奥运会上增加了闭幕式这一仪式。同年，冬季奥运会首次亮相，比赛项目包括花样滑冰、冰球、雪橇和冬季两项运动。80年后，2004年夏季奥运会在相隔一个多世纪后再次在雅典举办，来自201个国家的近11,000名运动员展开竞技，创下参赛国数量之最。

The first written records of the ancient Olympic Games date to 776 BC.The ancient Olympics were held every four years between August 6 and September 19 during a religious festival honoring Zeus(宙斯).The first modern Olympics were held in Athens, Greece, in 1896.The Olympic symbol consists of five interlaced rings of equal dimensions, representing the union of the five continents and the meeting of athletes from throughout the world at the Olympic Games.The Olympics truly took off as an international sporting event after 1924, when the 8th Olympic Games were held in Paris.Some 3,000 athletes from 44 nations competed that year, and for the first time the Games featured a closing ceremony.The Winter Olympics debuted(问世)that year, including such events as figure skating, ice hockey, bobsledding and the biathlon.Eighty years later, when the 2004 Summer Olympics returned to Athens for the first time in more than a century, nearly 11,000 athletes from 201 countries competed, breaking the then record of participating countries.太极拳（Tai Chi）是一种武术（martial arts）项目，也是一种健身运动，在中国有着悠久的历史。太极拳动作缓慢而柔和，适合任何年龄、性别、体型的人练习。太极拳既可防身，又能强身健体，因而深受中国人的喜爱。太极拳在发展的过程中，借鉴并吸收了中国传统哲学、医术、武术的合理内容（element），成为特色鲜明的一项运动。作为中国特有的一种运动形式，太极拳也越来越受到众多外国朋友的喜爱。

Tai Chi is a kind of martial arts, and a fitness exercise as well.It has a long history in China.With slow and gentle movements, Tai Chi is suitable for people of any age, sex, or body type to practice.It can be used to provide self-defense as well as build the body.Therefore, it has become very popular among Chinese people.During its development, Tai Chi borrowed and absorbed desirable elements from traditional Chinese philosophy, medicine, and martial arts, and it has developed into a sport with unique features.As a unique sport in China, Tai Chi is also gaining increasing popularity among many foreign friends.Unit 6 间隔年指的是学生休假不去上学而去旅游或工作等的一段时间，但不一定是一年。间隔年通常选在高中毕业和进入大学之前的一段时间。在这段时间里，学生可以旅游、参加志愿者工作或者在国外边打工边度假。一种新潮流是参加集语言学习、住家、文化交流、社区服务和自主学习于一体的国际教育活动。间隔年的做法于20世纪60年代兴起于英国。它在英国、澳大利亚、新西兰和加拿大已经变得非常流行。但是在美国，间隔年的做法仍然只是个别现象。不过近年来，间隔年对美国人来说变得稍微普遍起来。2013年有大约四万美国学生参加了间隔年活动，比2006年增加了近20%。普林斯顿大学、哈佛大学、麻省理工学院等大学都有明文规定允许学生延迟入学。

Gap year(间隔年)refers to a period of time —not necessarily a year — in which students take time off and do something other than schooling, such as travel or work.The year out is most commonly taken after high school and before going to university.During this time, a student might travel, engage in volunteer work or undertake(承担)a working holiday abroad.A new trend is to participate in international education programs that combine language study, home stays, cultural exchange, community service, and independent study.The practice of taking a year out developed in the United Kingdom in the 1960s.It has grown very popular among students in the UK, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada.In the United States, however, the practice of taking a year off remains the exception(例外).But in recent years, taking a year out has become slightly more common for Americans.Some 40,000 American students participated in 2013 in gap year programs, an increase of almost 20% since 2006.Universities such as Princeton University, Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology have formal policies allowing students to defer(延期)admission.改革开放以来，中国的教育事业得到了快速发展，取得了引人瞩目的成就。中国政府把教育摆在优先发展的地位，坚持科教兴国（revitalize the country），全面提倡素质教育(quality-oriented education)。同时，积极推进教育公平，保障人人有受教育的机会。中国的教育成就反映在两个不同的层面：一个是全面普及了九年义务教育（nine-year compulsory education），另一个是实现了高等教育大众化（mass higher education）。教育的发展为中国的经济发展和社会进步作出了重大贡献。近年来，为适应社会、经济发展的需要，中国政府不断加快培养各领域的急需人才。

Since its economic reform and opening-up to the world, China's education has gone through rapid development and made remarkable achievements.The Chinese government gives top priority to the development of education, persists in revitalizing the country by science and education, and fully advocates quality-oriented education.Meanwhile, it actively promotes equality in education to guarantee everyone access to education.China's achievements in education can be reflected in two different layers: One is the popularization of the nine-year compulsory education;the other is the realization of mass higher education.The development of education has made significant contributions to China's economic development and social progress.In recent years, to satisfy the needs of social and economic development, the Chinese government has sped up the training of qualified personnel urgently needed in various fields.Unit 7 在所有美国人的信念中，最基本、最强烈的信念可能就是崇尚个人自由。要理解美国人，最重要的也许就是了解他们对“个人主义”的热爱。生活中他们很早就开始受到教育，把自己看成独立的个体，对人生中自己的处境以及自己的前途命运负责。美国人认为自己的思想和行为高度个性化。他们不愿被视为任何同质群体的代表。如果确实加入了群体，他们也认为自己有特别之处，与同一个群体中的其他成员有着些许的差别。与美国人对个人主义赋予的价值紧密相关的是他们对个人隐私的重视。美国人认为，人“需要有自己的时间”或者“有时间独处”，用来思考事情，或者恢复他们所消耗的心理能量。美国人很难理解那些总想与人结伴、不爱独处的外国人。

The belief in the freedom of the inpidual is probably the most basic and most strongly held of all American beliefs.The most important thing to understand Americans is probably their devotion(深爱)to “inpidualism”.They have been trained since very early in their lives to consider themselves as separate inpiduals who are responsible for their own situations in life and their own destiny.Americans view themselves as highly inpidualistic in their thoughts and actions.They resist being thought of as representatives of any homogeneous(由同类组成的)group.When they do join groups, they believe they are special, just a little different from other members of the same group.Closely associated with the value they place on inpidualism is the importance Americans assign privacy.Americans assume people “need some time to themselves” or “some time alone” to think about things or recover their spent psychological energy.Americans have great difficulty understanding foreigners who always want to be with another person and who dislike being alone.为人诚信，以和为贵是中华民族的传统美德。“和”的思想体现在很多方面。在处理人与人的关系上，中国传统思想主张“和为贵”以及“家和万事兴”，从而创造一个和谐的社会环境。在人与自然的关系上，人类应当学会认识自然，尊重自然，保护自然。人与人、人与社会、人与自然都需要“和谐”。如今，和谐发展依然是我们的治国之本和管理人才之道。随着我国社会经济和文化的发展，“和”的思想更加深入人心。中国正在向构建社会主义和谐社会的目标迈进。

Integrity and harmony are traditional Chinese virtues.“Harmony” is demonstrated in various aspects.In regard to interpersonal relations, traditional Chinese thoughts hold that “Harmony is most precious” and “A family that lives in harmony will prosper”.A harmonious social environment can be created based on these principles.As for relations between human beings and nature, people should learn to understand, respect and protect nature.Harmony is essential to interpersonal relations, relations between human beings and society, as well as between human beings and nature.Nowadays, harmonious development is still the way of running the country and managing talented personnel.With the development of China's society, economy and culture, the idea of “harmony” goes even deeper into people's hearts.China is on its way toward the goal of building a harmonious socialist society.Unit 8 作为世界上唯一一个真正具有普遍性的世界组织，联合国已经成为处理超越国界、而且任何一个国家都无法独立解决的问题的首要论坛。联合国最初的宗旨是维护和平、保护人权、建立国际公平正义的框架以及促进经济和社会进步。近年来，联合国又面临着新的挑战，诸如气候变化、国际恐怖主义和艾滋病等。现在，解决争端及维护和平仍然是联合国最主要的任务。除此之外，联合国及其专门机构还致力于各种旨在改进世界人民生活的活动，从赈灾到教育和妇女进步，再到原子能的和平使用。联合国及其专门机构推动世界成为一个更加友好、更加宜居的地方，为全世界人民带来了福祉。

As the world's only truly universal global organization, the United Nations(UN)has become the foremost forum to address issues that transcend(超越)national boundaries and cannot be resolved by any one country acting alone.The initial goals of the UN are safeguarding(保护)peace, protecting human rights, establishing the framework for international justice and promoting economic and social progress.In recent years, the UN has been faced with new challenges, such as climate change, international terrorism and AIDS.While conflict resolution and peacekeeping continue to be among its primary efforts, the UN, along with its specialized agencies, is also engaged in a wide range of activities to improve people's lives around the world — from disaster relief, through education and advancement of women, to peaceful uses of atomic energy.The UN and its specialized agencies have helped the world become a more hospitable(热情友好的)and livable place and brought great benefits to people around the world.新中国成立后，中国坚持（persist in）独立自主的和平外交政策，在外交领域取得了巨大成就。截至2011年，中国已与172个国家建立了外交关系（diplomatic relations）。近年来，随着中国综合国力的提升（enhancement），中国在国际事务中的作用越来越重要，中国的国际地位得到进一步提升。在地区性事务中，中国积极推动各种区域合作，为维护地区和平、促进地区发展作出了重要贡献。中国外交（diplomacy）将高举“和平、发展、合作、共赢”的旗帜（banner），在和平共处五项原则的基础上，通过全面发展同各国的友好合作，为建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界作出不懈的努力（make unremitting efforts）。

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China has persisted in the independent foreign policy of peace, and made tremendous progress in foreign affairs.By 2011, China had established diplomatic relations with 172 countries.Over recent years, with the enhancement of its comprehensive national strength, China has been playing an increasingly important role in international affairs, and China's international status has been further enhanced.In regional affairs, China actively promotes all kinds of regional cooperation.It has made important contributions in maintaining regional peace and promoting regional development.China's diplomacy will hold high the banner of “peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit”.On the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence and through all-round and friendly cooperation with various countries, China will make unremitting efforts to build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.

第三篇：新视野大学英语读写教程4课后翻译

这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长。The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.研究结果表明，无论我们白天做了什么事情，晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day.有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力，以此来为自己的失败辩护。Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.我们忠于我们的承诺：凡是答应做的，我们都会做到。We remain true to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do, we would do it.连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也同样如此，他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world.The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.当局控告他们威胁国家安全。They were accused by the authorities of threatening the state security.要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话，就会吸引更多的观众。If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.她从未对自己的能力失去信心，因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员。要成为一名驾驶员，视觉上分辨红色与绿色的能力是必不可少的。

The ability to visually distinguish between red and green is essential to becoming a driver.这个组由七个人组成，他们经常见面，分享彼此的信息。

The team consisted of seven people who met on a regular basis to share their information with each other.这些科学家在创建基因图谱的过程中体会到：合作不仅仅是一种有吸引力的选择，它还是一种责任。In the process of creating the genetic map, these scientists realized that cooperation was more than an attractive option;it was a responsibility.他们的研究发现简直就是一个奇迹。由于他们的发现，人们对人类基因的历史有了新的了解。Their research findings were nothing less than a miracle.As a result of their findings, new light has been shed on the history of human genes.事实上，只有勤奋加方法得当才能使你在学习上比他人有优势。

In fact, only hard work in combination with proper methods will give you an advantage over others.法官说这种惩罚将起到杀一儆百的作用。The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others.感染的危险只限于那些与病人有亲密接触的人。The risk of infection is She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.我just learned as I went along.从未受过正式培训，我只是

边干边学。I never had formal training, I 随products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining 着产品进入国际市场，他 们的品牌知名度越来越高了。As their in popularity.她自己是否能可以编造一

she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, 让这个故事，故事听起说自己被窃来可信。贼 She could make up a story by saying 打昏，所有的钱都没了，但她怀疑but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.谁评都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问，可是这引起了对 他更多的批

brought more criticism of him.。No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this 据Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has 报道有七八位官员收受贿赂，市长决定亲自出马调查这件事。

decided to look into the affair in person.这

临些工人后悔and going back to work.Now they are again faced with the threat of losing 失业的危险当时了。These workers regret yielding to the management's advice 接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面their jobs.你折的只需填写一

张表格就可取得会员资格，它可以使你在买东西时entitles you to a discount on goods.优惠。You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which 享受打不知 时为什么他们的汽车在半路坏掉了，结果他们比原three hours later than they had planned.。Their car broke down halfway for no reason.As a result they arrived 计划晚到了三个小那位官a scandal and was forced to resign weeks later.员卷入了一场丑闻，数周后被迫 辞职。这个The man living on welfare began to build up his own market, one step at a 靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立起自己的市The official got involved in

场，生意日渐兴隆。time and his business is thriving.我父母不是invest in my education, my parents spent their money on a new house.对我的教育投资，而是把

钱花在了买新住房上。Rather than 如今，人spending twice as much on entertainment and relaxation as they did in the 们用于休闲娱乐的开支是过去的两倍。Today, people arepast.一家公司要成功，business must keep pace with developments in the marketplace.它必须跟上市场的发展。In order to be successful, a 与in English gave her an advantage over other girls for the job.申请这个职位的其他女孩相比，她流利的英语是个优势。Her fluency 对

由他于学生而言，没有任何地方比图书馆更好了，在那里所有的books are at their disposal.们使用。For students, nowhere is better than the library, where all the 图书都任我We should make full use of the platform to strengthen communication, 们要充分利用好这个平台，加强交流，拓展合作领域，共谋发展大计。expand cooperation in more areas and seek further development through joint efforts.这innocent as he appears.位小个子男子

并不如他看上去那么单纯。对这个问题nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor 我已束手无策了，所以

This little man is not so 你不妨去求助于王教授吧。There's Wang for help.双Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, 方高度评价了在不同

领域合作取得的成果，并希望合作进一步加深。and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.一方面，直言之路，亲民形象能使新政策更易于被民people can get a new policy more easily accepted.On the other hand, it will 启进善之门”。On the one hand, an image of being close to the 众接受，另一方面，它也能“广“encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructive suggestions”.他孤His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length 独的感觉时

起时落，他有时会对自己、对宠物、对电视机唠叨不休。to himself and his pets and the television.毕is not everything.The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.竟，金钱不是万能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。After all, money

假found out that your colleague takes bribes, would you just ignore it? 设你发现了你自己的同事受贿，你会不会无动于衷呢？Suppose 他如此固 you We've 执，我们已对他失望了。跟他争论一点意义都没有。

with him.given up on him because he is so stubborn.It is pointless to argue 他突然想到了一

一。个加速实验进程的好办法，但组里的成员却对此意见不but opinions differed among members of the group on it.He hit upon a good method to speed up the progress of the experiment, 今天我能 Today I'm able to square my profession with my interest, which I wasn't able 够使自己的职业与兴趣相符，之前我是做不到的。

to do before.confined to those who have close contact with the patients.从这From 一分析中我happened and what to do about it.such an analysis 们可以更好地知道we are in a 发better 生了什position 么以及要做些什

to understand 么。

what has 只要他守out so late as long as he behaves himself.规矩，我倒不在乎他晚上在外呆得

这么晚。I don't mind his staying 与的其他计划相比，我更喜欢他的计划，因

practical than his.计划更实际。I prefer his plan to others 为in 我that 觉得I 没think 有任何一no plan 个计划is 比他more 他已们与huge losses in the last fiscal year and went bankrupt.经破那家公司中产了。They broke off business relations with that company as it suffered 断

了生意来往，因为那家公司上一个财政损失惨重，既you don't like him, why did you invite him to your birthday party in the first 然你不喜欢他，当初为什么还要邀请他参加你的生日

晚会呢？Now that place?

虽Though we knew our chances to win were slim, we were more or less depressed 然知道获胜的可能性不大，但比赛失败后，我们多少还是有点沮丧。when we lost in the game.也to be paid for progress许这是为进步而付出的代价，谁

知道呢? Perhaps this was the price that has 尽很少。管他们做出了巨大的努力，但目前—who knows? 为 止，博物

馆每天的参观者仍然还是been very low.For all their great efforts, the museum's daily attendance has so far still 作规为对政府检查员批

评的回应，公司改变了一些做法，而不是放弃自己的some of its practices rather than gave up its rules.定。In response to criticism by government inspectors, the company changed 警方提醒乘客，不要warned 将钱和贵重物品放在提包里，以防被

盗。they should be stolen.the passengers against putting money and precious things in bags The police lest 调查应Surveys ought to focus on how parents and children perceive the ways in which 集中于父母和孩子

们如何看待学校满足他们需求的那些办法。the school satisfies their needs.一瞬的女子。间，特斯（well-educated woman.In a flash, Tess）由一Tess changed 个天真的女孩from 变an 成了一innocent 个成熟、受girl to a 过mature 良好教育我能I can confirm that 200 new trains are being manufactured and that the first of 证实200列新火车正在制造中，第一批

and 将在今年五月投入运营。those trains will come into service in May this year.无 他人有用的论你的智商有多高，你的看法都受到个人经历的局限，因此要

学会吸纳experience perspectives of others.you 观点。have No matter how high your IQ is, your view is limited by the had and so you should learn to incorporate the useful 这个game that none of them took note of the passage of time.游戏非常有趣，他们谁也没有注意到时间的流逝。So interesting was the 我一直在整理through these old documents to see which are 这些旧文件，看看哪些有用，哪些需要扔掉。I've been sorting useful and which can be thrown away.随reflect on future plans.着年龄越来越大，你应该考虑未来的计划。As you get older you should 他在演出中的亮相less than a sensation.简直是个轰动。His appearance in the show was nothing 他set 们每个月都从工资kid's education in the future.aside a particular 中留出一amount of 笔钱money，用于孩子from their 将来salary 的教育。for Every month they the sake of their

第四篇：新视野大学英语第三版读写教程3课后翻译

NNCE Book3课后翻译参考答案

Unit1 英译中原文：Global citizen is someone who identifies with being part of an emerging world community and whose actions contribute to building this community's values and practices.Global citizenship believes that humankind is essentially on and each inpidual has the power to change things.In our interdependent world, global citizenship encourages usto recognize our responsibilities toward each other and learn from each other.Global citizens care about education, disease, poverty, and environmental issues around the world.Today, the forces of global engagement are helping some people identify themselves as global citizens who have a sense of belonging to a world community.This growing global identity in large part is made possible by the forces of modern information, communications and transportation technologies.Global citizenship aims to empower people to lead their own action.Along with the knowledge and values that they have gained from learning about global issues, people need to be equipped with the necessary skills to give themselves the ability and confidence to be pro-active in making a positive difference in the world.Keys：世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体，任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任，并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识，让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲，要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量，让他们付诸行动，世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观，还要拥有必需的技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推动世界的发展。

汉译英原文：如今，很多年轻人不再选择“ 稳定” 的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业（young entrepreneurship）是未来国家经济活力的来源，创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活，从长远来看，对于国家更是一件好事，创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新，在政策上给予中小企业支持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。

Keys：Nowadays, many young people no longer choose “stable” jobs.Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts.Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future.The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people's life, but it is also good for the country in the long term.Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China's economy.Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses.This further arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses.Unit 2 英译中原文：The American Dream is a national ethos(精神特质)of the United States.The term is used in many ways, but it essentially is an idea that suggests that anyone in the US can succeed through hard work and has the potential to lead a happy, successful life.Many people have expanded upon or refined the definition to include things such as freedom, fulfillment and meaningful relationships.The idea of an American Dream is older than the US, dating back to the 1600s, when people began to have all sorts of hopes and aspirations for what was a new and largely unexplored continent to European immigrants.And the meaning of the Dream has changed over the course of history, including both personal components and a global vision.But not everybody thinks the American Dream is a positive thing.Some people believe that the structure of society in the US prevents such an idealistic goal for everyone.Critics often point to examples of inequality rooted in class, race, religion and ethnicity that suggest that the American Dream is not attainable for everyone.Keys：美国梦是美利坚合众国的民族精神。该词有各种各样的用法，但其根本含义是，在美国任何人都可以通过努力获得成功，都有可能过上幸福而成功的生活口许多人对美国梦的概念加以拓展和提炼，涵盖了像自由，自我实现和深厚的人际关系等方面的内容。美国梦的思想比美国本身更为久远，可以追溯到17世纪，当时的欧洲移民面对这一新发现的、未经开发的广裹大陆，开始纷纷怀揣希望，追逐梦想。随着历史的发展，美国梦的含义也已改变，既包含了个人元素，也包含了全局视野。但并不是每个人都对美国梦持肯定态度。一些人认为美国的社会结构决定了不是每个人都能拥有这样的理想目标。批评者常常举以实例，揭露植根于阶级、种族、宗教和民族的不平等现象，指出美国梦并非每个人都可企及。

汉译英原文：实现中华民族伟大复兴（rejuvenation）是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我们称之为“中国梦”，其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。中国梦，是让每一个积极进取的中国人形成世世代代的信念：只要经过不懈的奋斗便能获得更好的生活。人们必须通过自己的勤奋、勇气、创意和决心迈向繁荣，而不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。每个中国人都是中国梦的参与者和创造者。中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。

Keys：Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modem times.It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort.People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people.Each inpidual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese.Unit 3 英译中原文：Leonardo da Vinci, one of the greatest minds of the Italian Renaissance, is perhaps the most persely talented person ever to have lived.A painter, sculptor, architect, mathematician, engineer, and inventor, he is famous for a wide range of accomplishments.His natural genius, which crossed multiple disciplines, won him the title of“Renaissance Master”.Leonardo is renowned primarily as a painter.Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the best known and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time.What make Leonardo's drawings unique are mainly his innovative techniques and acute scientific mind.Perhaps only 15 of his paintingshave survived, partly because his constant experimentation with new techniquesmade his total output quite small.Although not a prolific(多产的)painter, Leonardo was a mostproductive draftsman, keeping journals full of sketches, drawings, and diagrams.These notebooks, often referred to as da Vinci's manuscripts, recorded his inventions, observations, and theories about everything that captured his attention.Leonard's genius made him a pioneer in almost every field of study he undertook.His paintings, together with his notebooks, havecontributed significantly to the history of art.Keys：莱奥纳多·达·芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思想家之一，也许也是迄今最多才多艺的人。他是画家、雕刻家、建筑家、数学家、工程师和发明家，因成就广泛而闻名。他的天赋跨越多个领域，为其赢得了“文艺复兴大师的称号”。莱奥纳多主要作为画家而著名。在其所有作品中，《蒙娜丽莎》最为有名，而《最后的晚餐》则是历来复制最多的宗教画作。莱奥纳多作品的独特之处主要在于其创新性的技巧和敏锐的科学思维。他的画作大约只有15幅流传了下来，其部分原因是他不断试验新的技巧，所以作品总量很小。莱奥纳多虽然不是多产画家，却是一位最高产的绘图家，他在日记中画满了各种草图、图画和图表。这此笔记通常被称为达.芬奇手稿，记录了他的各种发明、观察，以及他对自己感兴趣的事物提出的理论。莱奥纳多的天赋使他几乎在涉足的每一领域都成了先驱。他的画作，连同他的笔记，在艺术史上贡献斐然。

汉译英原文：水墨画（ink and wash painting）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的发展、提高和完善。水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干湿浓淡的层次。水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意象，从而达到独特的审美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，甚至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。

Keys：Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting.It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties.With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection.The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e, brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings.For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness.The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects.Ink and wash painting holds a high status in the history of Chinese painting, and it is even regarded as the criterion to evaluate the artistic level of Oriental paintings.Unit 4 英译中原文：Venice is the world's famous island city in northern Italy.Founded in the 5th century, Venice became a major maritime power in the 10th century.In the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Venice was a major center for commerce and trade, and became an extremely wealthy European city, a leader in political and economic affairs.After several hundred years in power, Venice began to decline in the 15th century.Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the world's most beautiful cities and one of the most important tourist destinations in the world.Venice has a rich and perse architectural style, the most famous of which is the Gothic style.Venice is also known for several important artistic movements in history, especially the Renaissance period.The influence of Venice on the development of architecture and arts has been considerable.Today, it is still playing an important role in contemporary arts and popular cultures.In 1987, Venice was listed as a World Heritage Site.In March 1980, Venice became a sister city of China's Suzhou City.Keys：威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界闻名的岛城。威尼斯建立于公元5世纪，在公元10世纪时成为一支重要的海上力量。在中世纪和文艺复兴时期，威尼斯曾是重要的商贸中心，是当时欧洲极为富裕的城市，在政治和经济事务中居领导地位。几百年的兴盛之后，威尼斯在15世纪开始衰落。如今，威尼斯被公认为是全世界最美的城市之一，也是全世界最重要的旅游胜地之一。威尼斯的建筑风格丰富多样，其中最出名的是哥特式风格。威尼斯还因历史上的几次重要的艺术运动而闻名，特别是文艺复兴时期。威尼斯对建筑和艺术的发展影响巨大。至今，威尼斯仍对现代艺术和流行文化的发展起着重要作用。1987年，威尼斯被列入《世界遗产名录》。1980年3月，威尼斯与中国苏州结为“友好城市”。

汉译英原文：丽江地处云南省西北部，境内多山。丽江古城坐落在玉龙雪山脚下，是一座风景秀丽的历史文化名城，也是我国保存完好的少数民族古城之一。丽江古城始建于南宋，