电大机考英语作文题目及

第一篇:电大机考英语作文题目及
大学英语 B 机考作文题
写作 Instructions:要求你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
1)My Plan for the Spring Festival Spring festival is the most important festival for Chinese people.Many people will prepare many things for the spring festival.Now this is my plan for the spring festival.The first, I will visit my friends and my relatives.The second, I will make a big snow man with my daughter and my wife.The third, I will stay with my parents, because I have no more time to stay with them at peacetime.This is my plan for the spring festival.I hope all of you have a good time in the spring festival.2)Why I Like Learning English Why I like learning English? Firstly, English is very useful.English is the most widely used language in the world.If we make a visit to foreign countries or do business with foreigners, we need communicate with them in English.Secondly, with China becoming stronger and stronger, we have more chances to go abroad.We can know the English-speaking countries much deeper if we know English.Both China and English-speaking countries have realized the importance of the culture exchanging.Above all, English is useful and important, we must master English.3)My Dream I have a dream from the first time I sit in a car—I want to drive.Driving is the most meaningful way to meet human being’s desire of “faster”.What’s more, driving a car can take me to any place I want whether it rains, snows, blows or not.A smooth ride in a good car is enjoyable.With rows of trees moving backward rapidly, music played, breeze blowing, my soul flies in the air.I love this feeling very much.5)About Self-study
As adult students in Shanghai TV University, self-study becomes very important.According to me, there are several pieces of tips of self-study.First, I always make a study plan in the beginning of a new semester.Second, preview every unit before the lesson.Third, try to finish the homework after class.Fourth, go over what I have learnt in class regularly at home.Without review, you will absolutely forget what you’ve learnt as quickly as possible.So reviewing is helpful in understanding and memorizing what you’ve learnt.6)The Job I Like I like to be a teacher.Three reasons have led me to choose this occupation.First, teaching is learning.To make my lectures more constructive and stimulating, I have to read more books, explore new knowledge and gain a better understanding of the world, which is the very thing I enjoy in my life.Second, teaching means freedom and independence.As a teacher, I’m free to use my own ideas and make my own decisions.Finally, I like teaching because it offers certain peace of mind.All in all, the reasons above make me like teaching best.7)My Favorite TV program The News Report has always been my favorite TV program.The News Report contains a large amount of information ranging from the international political situation to the latest football game.And the most important character is its fast pace.Because of this fast pace, news programs can contain much information in a short time.In my opinion, the News Report is more than a TV program.It is a way of communication.From this program, people can know and understand world affairs.I especially appreciate this benefit of watching the news.8)My Family There are seven people in my family.They're my grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, my two younger brothers and I.My father is a businessman.He's busy working everyday.My mother is a housewife.She cooks meals, washes clothes, and teaches us lessons everyday.One of my younger brothers is a junior high school student, and we go to the same school.My grandparents help my parents look after the youngest brother every day.We go to the movies every Sunday.How's your family? About Television Television has its good as well as bad sides.It makes us informed of daily news, lets us know the outside world, provides lessons for learners, and it has brought joy and interest into people’s lives.Unfortunately, some television programs have been extremely harmful to the young.Violent movies are shown on TV programs.Children regard the murders as heroes or models, so they imitate.Therefore there happened many murders or shooting cases in American campuses.What a big harm.So young people should learn to get ride of the bad influences of TV and learn to make use of the advantages that TV brings us.10)My Classmates Liu Kai is my classmate.He is a good student and always ready to help others.One day on his way to school, he saw a little girl crossing the road when a car nearly hit her.Just then Liu Kai rushed up to her and caught her by the arm.The little girl was saved.She told him where she lived, and he took her home.When Liu Kai hurried into the classroom, the teacher had already begun lesson.He told the teacher why he was late.He was then praised for what he had done.11)My Favorite Book
12)The Book I Like Best My favorite book is “Dream of The Red Chamber”.The book tries to tell us that there are different kinds of love, only one kind which should be considered as True Love.In our life, we should marry the true love instead of wealth and good looks.From this book, we also get to know a part of the noble people’s life in Qing Dynasty and find some life philosophies from it.So this book is very instructive to people.We should learn more from this book as well as other books.My Favorite Food I like many different kinds of foods, among them, egg is my favorite.Egg contains a lot of essential nutrients needed by the human body.Eggs are oval shaped spheres with a light brown color.Egg is the basic ingredient to many dishes, like omelet and French toast.You can easily get eggs at any supermarket, and they are sold for a very cheap price too.Besides the cheap price, egg contains lots of nutrients and is a very good source of energy.In conclusion, egg is my favorite food.14)My Hometown My hometown is Haimen, which is not far from Shanghai.Haimen is a modern city.There are lots of high buildings in it.Most of us live in flats because we can be close to our friends.My hometown is a beautiful city.On either side of the roads, there are some big trees and nice flowers.The roads are also very clean, which makes people happy and comfortable.The weather here is very nice.I like autumn best, for it’s neither hot nor cold but very cool.I love Haimen.Welcome to my hometown.15)My English Study
English is always my favorite subject and I am good at English.I would like to share 4 good studying habits with you.First, remember 20 new words, and never give up.Second, go over grammar points I have learnt in English class regularly.Third, read an English article in China Daily every day.Fourth, write an English composition every week and ask teacher to revise that for me to improve the writing level.If you do things above, I am sure your English will also be improved.16)My Best Friend Linda is my best friend.She is 15 years old pretty girl with a round face and two big black eyes.She always has a smile on her face.Every morning, we go to school together.She studies quite well and she's one of the top students in our class.When I have difficulty in English, I always ask her for help.We are both interested in music.At weekends, we join the same hobby group and play the violin together.We like each other and enjoy staying together.17)How to Overcome Difficulties in My English Studies I have made a lot of improvements in English.The following is my way to overcome the difficulties.Everyday, I do half an hour’s morning reading to try to pronounce every word out.And I will then spend half an hour listening to English radios like BBC to correct my pronunciation.Because I have trouble in English grammar, I attend a full-time English class of STVU to study grammar.The teacher recommends me to buy a grammar book—《Advanced English Grammar》.It helps me with my English study a lot.These above are what I have done to overcome my difficulties.18)My Study Plan A new semester is coming, in order to study English well, I make a study plan.First, try to remember 20 words from dictionary everyday.Second, go over grammar points I have learnt in English class regularly.Third, form a habit of reading an English article in China Daily every day.Fourth, write an English composition every week and ask teacher to revise that for me to improve the writing level.Fifth, listen to English radio as often as possible to improve my listening.The Chinese New Year “New Year” is a time for good cheer.In China men and women, boys and girls, all look forward to a happy year.It is time for rest and refreshment.Business is suspended for a time.Young fellows lay aside their school work and give themselves up to merriment and joy.Each family has its members together for reunion.Friends call on one another.Public places are filled with all kinds of cheerful people.Children with lucky money in their new clothes have a delightful time playing games.The Chinese New Year lasts about a fortnight.It gives sufficient recreation to people.20)The Computer Nowadays, computers are becoming more and more popular.Computers can help different people in different ways.They can help children with lessons and homework, help students and scholars do calculations, analyze data and present the latest achievements.Furthermore, they can assist engineers and experts in the design of a mold, a bridge or a spaceship.Besides, computers can offer fun and entertainment to us with the internet games, movies, and etc.Indeed, computers have become a good companion of man.21)How to Keep Healthy
23)How to Keep Healthy Nowadays more and more people are concerned about their health, but how to keep healthy? First, it is necessary to take some exercise every day.Research shows that getting plenty of exercise makes the heart beat faster and the lungs work harder.Second, eat more fruits, vegetables and less meat.Third, getting rid of bad habits like smoking and drinking is also an important way to keep healthy.Smoking and alcohol drinking injure one's health a great deal, and therefore should be given up.If people follow these three ways of keeping fit, they’ll greatly improve their health.22)My Plan for the National Day Holiday National Holiday is coming.There are altogether 7 days, so I need to plan it in advance.Firstly, I plan to have a good rest for the first 2 days when I can have a good sleep and don’t worry to get up late, and then do a good cleaning of the home.Secondly, I would go to Zhouzhuang, a traditional southern town with my husband for a 2 days’ trip.I hope I like it.Thirdly, I would fly to Beijing to attend my classmate’s wedding.These above are my plans for the National Holiday.24)Advantages and Disadvantages of the Mobile Phone Like everything else, mobile phones have both favorable and unfavorable aspects.First, it's useful.As a wireless mobile telephone, it's easy and handy to call wherever one goes and call the one however far away he is.Second, it's convenient.Whenever one meets trouble or something urgent, one can make a call immediately.However, the mobile phone also has many disadvantages.First, it's expensive to buy and costly to pay the bills.Second, it's also easy to lose and costly to get it repaired.Third, it's alleged the microwaves in it might do harm to people's health.I believe its advantages will far outweigh disadvantages soon.25)Living in a Big Family I live in a big family with 4 generations together.There are 5 people in my family.We share a 3-bedroom flat with each other.My grandparents have got retired and enjoy the love from the grandchild-me.My parents both work in a bank.I study in Fudan University and like the college life very much.Every weekday, we are busy with our own business.But on weekends, our whole family will gather together with Mum cooking delicious food.I love my family and enjoy living in a big family.26)About Friendship Friendship is a kind of human relations.It is a human instinct to make friends.When in trouble, we need friends to offer us help, support and encouragement.With success achieved, we also need friends to share our joys.Friendship is one of the greatest pleasures that we can enjoy.It implies loyalty, cordiality, sympathy, affection, and readiness to help.In short, when we have established friendship, we ought to cherish and treasure it.Only thus, can we develop real friendship and keep the sacred lamp of friendship burning all our life.27)A Day to Remember It was Sunday.Our teacher Mr.Zhu led us to a park nearby.Usually we go to the park to spend our holiday.But today we went there to take part in voluntary labor.We got there at nine o’clock.Mr.Zhu pided us into three groups and then we began working.Group One was responsible to plant trees and water flowers.Group Two were busy collecting litter left by the tourists.I was in Group Three.We went to the children’s playground and cleaned all the equipment there.We worked very hard.At about eleven we finished work.We all were tired but very happy.I will never forget the day in my memory.28)My Teacher My English teacher is Miss Huang.She is a beautiful lady.There is always a smile on her face.Miss Huang likes singing.She is good at playing the piano.In the evening, she always sits in front of the piano and plays nice music.She is a good dancer, too.Sometimes she teaches us dancing.Miss Huang likes dogs very much because the dog is very friendly and cute.Her favorite color is blue, because blue is the color of the sky and the sea.She is my favorite teacher.Our classmates all like her very much.29)My Hobbies I have many hobbies, such as sports, singing, playing the violin and keeping a diary.I like sports very much.I go running at five o'clock in the morning.After classes in the afternoon, I play table-tennis with my friends.These sports have kept me healthy.At home, I like to sing and play the violin.I practice singing and playing the violin every day.Busy as I am, I am quite happy.Of all my hobbies I like reading books best.In my bedroom there are nearly six hundred books.There are story books, textbooks, magazines, and others.All these books have enriched my knowledge.30)你的一位外国朋友给你来信,打算到中国旅游。你给他回信,提出旅游建议。你的回信应包括下列内容: 1.接到朋友的来信; 2.你对旅游的安排计划及理由; 3.表达你希望见到朋友的心愿。Dear Sam: I have just received your letter and know that you are going to come to China to see me.I am really excited by it.You know I miss you so much.In your letter, you mentioned your travel plan.I advise you to go to Beijing and Xi’an.There are many royal buildings in Beijing like Palace Museum, Summer Palace.Xi’an is typical of old China.There are lots of historical buildings there, especially those of Qin Dynasty.I hope you enjoy your stay in China.I am looking forward to your coming.Yours ever
John
31)选择一个你想旅游的地点,并安排旅行计划。你应包括下列内容: 1.说明你想旅游的地点; 2.说明你为什么选择这个地点; 3.描述你的旅行计划。Dear Amy, I plan to make a journey to Jiuzhaigou in Si Chuan province.It’s a beautiful place with fresh air, beautiful natural scenery like waterfall, lake and high mountains.Because many films and TV series have been made here, it is very famous.What’s more, I am very busy and exhausted this year, so I want to go for a relaxation.I plan to stay there for a week and travel with a tour group.I believe I will enjoy myself there.Regards
Yours ever
Tim
32)你的朋友邀请你参加他/她的生日聚会,告诉对方你不能接受他/她的邀请。你应包括下列内容: 1.告诉对方你不能接受他/她的邀请; 2.对对方的邀请表示感谢; 3.说明无法接受邀请的原因。Dear Lisa: Congratulations on your coming birthday.Thanks for your invitation, but I am sorry that I am afraid I am not able to attend your birthday party.You know, our company will hold an important meeting in our Paris branch to talk about the recent trouble appearing in business.I am the one who needs to make a presentation.I am terribly sorry for that.Anyway, I hope everything goes well in your birthday party.Remember to show me the pictures taken in the party when I come back from business trip.Best regards!
Yours ever
Susan 33)假如你是李明,遗失了一本书。你应包括下列内容: 1.书在哪里遗失的; 2.这本书对你很重要; 3.拾到者应该如何和你联系。Dear All: I lost a book at 5 pm on December 29th in room 210 of Wenxin Building.The title of the book is 《Advanced English Grammar》.This book is very important and helpful to me, for I am bad at grammar.The final examination is getting nearer and nearer and I am worried about my English exam very much.Anyone who finds the book please contact Li Ming on ***.I will be very grateful to you and your kindness.I am looking forward to your calls.Li Ming
Dec.30th
34)你应邀到一位好友家吃晚饭。事后给朋友写信表示谢意。你的信应包括下列内容: 1.表达谢意; 2.表达想回请的意愿; 3.期待朋友的光临。Dear Amy:
Thanks for your invitation to your home last night.I enjoy the food very much.I will hold a small party to celebrate my birthday on November 12th, and I will invite a lot of friends to have dinner at my home, would you like to join us? Oh, there will also be a band to perform live music.I think it will be exciting to dance with the live music.Please be sure to come.I am looking forward to your coming.Yours
Cynthia 33)
1.了解对方毕业后的情况。2.你的近况。
3.邀请对方方便时来访。Dear Robert: Haven’t seen you for a long time since we graduated.I’m told that you are in Beijing now.What have you been doing these years? Do you keep in touch with other classmates? I have been working in SHTVU since my graduation and now I’m engaged in the distance education, which is quite new to me, but I enjoy it very much because it involves a lot of multimedia in my teaching.I’m greatly moved by my students who are adults and study very hard in their spare time.I miss you very much.I would be very pleased if you pay a visit to Shanghai and I believe that we’ll certainly have a good time then.Looking forward to hearing from you.Best regards Jean 34)
1.告诉对方你最近将出去旅游。2.了解对方所在地的旅游点。3.请对方给予帮忙安排。Dear Robert: How is everything going with you these days? I’d like to let you know that I’m going to Hainan to have a holiday next Saturday and stay there for about ten days.Hainan is the place that I’ve been wanting to visit most.Since it is your hometown, could you give me a very brief introduction about where to stay, where to eat and what to see? I’m told that Sanya is really very beautiful and there are many different interesting activities that people can enjoy very much.Would you please book a hotel for me in the center of Sanya if it is convenient? Well, I feel very excited that we’ll see each other very soon.Looking forward to hearing from you.Much love!Jean 35)
1、了解对方近来的情况。
2、通知对方同学将在元旦举行聚会。
3、请对方参加。Dear Robert: Haven’t got your email for a long time.Are you still working for that IT company? How about your work? I’m writing to you to tell you that the English Department of Shanghai University takes pleasure in inviting the graduates to its New Year’s Evening, which will be held at the Assembly Hall on Saturday evening, December 31st, 2005.The party begins at 7 p.m.I think it’s a good chance for us to get together, would you please email me whether you will go to the party?
Looking forward to hearing from you.Best wishes Jean 36)
了解对方最近的学习情况。你的学习情况。
请对方说说提高英语水平的经验。Dear Robert: Very pleased to get your email and know that you are now studying in Qinghua University, which is well known in the world.How about your study and life there? Since I am now working in an American company and my English is poor, you know, I have to use English every day, I began studying English in SHTVU this summer.But it’s really very hard for adults to work in the day and study in the evening and on weekends.And the most difficult for me is how to memorize all these English words.I know that you are good at English.Would you tell me your own experience in English study and give me some good tips? Well, take care of yourself!Looking forward to hearing from you.Best wishes Jean 37)
你的近况。
请对方帮你购买英语语法书。邀请对方方便时来访。Dear Robert: Haven’t got your email for some time and how about you? I am worried about my English study very much since the final examination is getting nearer and nearer.I’ve got some problems in my study, especially in grammar.Sometimes, I’m quite confused with different tenses.So my teacher recommended me a grammar book, 《Advanced English Grammar》, which can be bought in Beijing.Could I trouble you to buy one for me? We haven’t seen each other since we parted.I hope you will take a vocation to Shanghai
and I have a lot to tell you.How great we will be together!Looking forward to hearing from you.Good luck!Jean 38)
1.告诉对方你将参加英语四级考试。2.询问对方如何做准备。3.请对方建议一些参考书。Dear Robert: I’d like to tell you that your tips for study are really very helpful to me and now I have confidence in myself and take every chance to communicate with others in English.With my great efforts I have now made rapid progress in my English study.So I’m going to take CET-4 next term.I know that you passed it last year.Would you tell me how I can get prepared for it and what should I pay attention to? I don’t want to fail it.It’s said that if you want to succeed in passing it, you should do a lot of tests.I think you must have much experience in it, could you recommend me some books for practice? Looking forward to hearing from you.Best wishes Jean 大学英语网考写作练习题
1、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
The Book I Like Best
2、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
My Favourite Food
3、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
The Job I Like
4、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
My Favorite Sport
5、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
My English Study
6、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
My Honetown
7、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题纲用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
选择一个你想旅游的地点,并安排旅行计划。你应包括下列内容:
1、说明你想旅游的地点;
2、说明你为什么选择这个地点;
3、描述你的旅行计划。
8、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
How to Keep Healthy
9、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
How to overcome Difficulties in My English Studies
10、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
My Dream
11、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
The one I Love Most
12、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
My Hobby
13、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
About Health & Wealth
14、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
My Favorite Means of Getting Information
1、现代社会获取信息的方式很多
2、我最喜欢的获取信息的方式
15、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
My Favorite Hobby
16、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
Difficulties in Studying English
17、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
My Ideal Job
18、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
My Activities in Leisure Time
19、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
About doing physical Exercise 20、instructions:建议你在30分钟内,根据下面所给的题目用英语写出一篇不少80词的短文。
About TV Ads
第二篇:2016电大建筑构造机考题库[定稿]
试卷(1)
1供人们生活起居用的建筑物称为公共建筑。(×)
2结构构件与竖向定位轴线的联系,应有利于墙板、柱、梯段等竖向构件的统一,满足使用要求,便于施工。(√)
3建筑立面是由许多部件组成的,它包括门、窗、柱、墙、阳台、雨篷、花饰、勒脚、檐口等。(√)
4因基础埋于地下,房屋建成后检查与维修困难,所以在选择基础材料与结构形式时,应考虑其耐久性。(√)
5高层建筑常利用深基础,如箱形基础建造一层或多层地下室,既增加了使用面积,又节省了室内填土的费用。(√)
6墙体设计时,在热土方面没有具体要求。(×)
7基础沉降缝的宽度与上部结构相同,基础由于埋在地下,缝内必须填塞。(×)8外窗台有悬挑窗台和不悬挑窗台两种。(√)
9平面形状复杂的建筑转角处,必须设置伸缩缝,无需设置沉降缝(×)。
10楼板层可将使用荷载连同其自重有效地传递给其它的支撑构件,即墙或柱,再由墙或柱传递给基础(√)
11为有效防止室内受潮,避免地面结构层受潮而破坏,需对地层做必要的防潮处理。(√)12为保证抹灰牢固、平整、颜色均匀和面层不开裂脱落,施工时须分层操作,且每层抹得越厚越好.(×)
13直接式顶棚的中间层、面层的做法和构造与墙面装饰做法完全不同。(×)14楼梯的主要功能是满足人和物的正常运行和紧急疏散。(√)15踏步面层的要求是而磨、防滑、便于清洗和美观。(√)
16屋顶主要由屋面层、承重结构、保温或隔热层和顶棚四部分组成。(√)
17出屋面的楼梯间一般需设屋面出入口,最好在设计中让楼梯间的室内地坪与屋面间留有足够的高差,以利防水。(√)
18我国大部分地区标准窗的尺寸均采用9M的扩大模数。(×)19彩板门窗目前有两种类型,即带副框和不带副框的两种。(√)20在设计原则、建筑用料和建筑技术等方面,工业建筑和民用建筑也有许多相同之处。(√)21吊车由运行部分和起升部分组成。(√)
22虽然单层工业厂房的大型墙板在墙面上的位置不同,但板的形状、构造、预埋件的位置均相同。(×)
23单层厂房的屋面防水主要有卷材防水、各种波形瓦(板)、压型钢板屋面和钢筋混凝土构件自防水等类型。(√)
24刚架不可采用变截面,截面与弯矩成反比。(×)25实腹式檩条的截面均宜平行于屋面坡面。(×)26下列按建筑的结构类型分类的一组是(C)
A 民用建筑、工业建筑和农业建筑 B 低层、中层、中高层和高层 C 砌体结构、框架结构、剪力墙结构 D 木结构、钢结构、混凝土结构
27民用建筑的等级包括三个方面,分别是(B)
A 耐久等级、抗震等级和工程等级 B 耐久等级、耐火等级和工程等级 C 抗震等级、耐火等级和工程等级 D 防水等级、耐火等级和工程等级 28建筑最下部的承重构件指的是(B)A 地基 B 基础 C 墙体 D 梁
29建筑平面一般由三部分组成,分别是(B)A 生活部分、学习部分、公共活动部分 B 使用部分、交通联系部分、结构部分 C 卧室、起居室、洗手间 D 内部结构、分层情况、各层高度
30不同的色彩给人不同的感受,暖色使人(A)A 热烈、兴奋 B 清晰、宁静 C 明快 D 沉稳 31该楼地面到上一层楼面之间的垂直距离称为(A)A 层高 B 标高 C 净高 D 视高
32在建筑工程中,把建筑物与土壤直接接触的部分称为(A)A 基础 B 柔性基础 C 天然地基 D 人工地基 33通常将建筑物首层下面的房间称为(D)A 防空室 B 储藏室 C 门厅 D 地下室 34沿建筑物横轴方向布置的墙称为(C)A 山墙 B 纵墙 C 横墙 D 女儿墙
35外墙内侧或内墙两侧的下部与室内地坪交接处的构造称为(B)A 勒脚 B 踢脚 C 散水 D 墙身防潮屋
36在建筑中用于完全分隔室内空间的非承重墙称为(A)A 隔墙 B 隔断 C 女儿墙 D 山墙
37楼板层一般由面层、附加层、结构层和顶棚层等几个基本层次组成,其中俗称为天花的是(D)
A 结构层 B 面层 C 附加层 D 顶棚层
38钢筋混凝土楼板按施工方法不同,分为(A)
A 现浇整体式钢筋混凝土楼板、预制装配式钢筋混凝土楼板、装配整体式钢筋混凝土楼板 B 木楼板、砖拱楼板、压型钢板组合楼板 C 板式楼板、梁板式楼板、井式楼板、无梁楼板 D 叠合楼板、密助填充块楼板 39高级抹灰的质量要求标准是(B)
A 一层底灰,一层面灰 B 一层底灰,数层中灰,一层面灰 C 二层底灰,二层面灰 D 一层底灰,一层中灰,一层面灰 40下列关于板材墙面说法有误的一项是(B)A 板材墙面属于高级装修 B 板材墙面一般采用湿作业法
C 板材墙面最大的特点是不污染墙面和地面 D 木板墙面由木骨架和板材两部分组成 41按顶棚外观的不同,顶棚可分为(A)
A平滑式顶棚、井格式顶棚、悬浮式顶棚、分层式顶棚 B 抹灰刷浆类顶棚、裱糊类顶棚、贴面类顶棚、装配式板材顶棚 C 悬浮式顶棚、分层式顶棚、贴面类顶棚、装配式板材顶棚 D 抹灰刷浆类顶棚、裱糊类顶棚、平滑式顶棚、井格式顶棚 42楼梯的各类很多,下面按材料划分的一组是(A)A 钢筋混凝土楼梯、钢楼梯、木楼梯 B 室内楼梯和室外楼梯
C 主要楼梯、辅助楼梯、疏散楼梯及消防楼梯 D 单跑直楼梯、双跑直楼梯、双跑平行楼梯
43梁板式楼梯由踏步板、楼梯斜梁、平台梁和平台板组成,其中支承楼梯斜梁的是(A)A 踏步板 B 楼梯斜梁本身 C平台梁 D平台板、44下列关于电梯机房说法有误的一项是(A)A 机房必须设在电梯井道的顶部
B 机房的平面和剖面尺寸均应满足布置机械及电控设备的需要
C 为了减少振动噪音,除在机房机座下设弹性垫层外,还应在机房下部设置隔音层 D 机房的面积要大于井道的面积
45卷材防水屋面除防水层外,还包括结构层、找平层、结合层,其中保护层的作用是(C)A 使卷材与基层胶结牢固 B 承重 C 保护防水层 D 防止卷材凹陷或断裂 46种植隔热层面的机理是(C)
A 组织空气对流,形成屋顶内的自然通风,以减少由屋顶传入室内的辐射热 B 利用水蒸发时需要大量的汽化热,从而大量消耗晒到屋面的太阳辐射热 C 利用植被的蒸腾和光合作用,吸收太阳辐射热,从而达到降温隔热的目的 D 利用材料的颜色和光滑度对热辐射的进行反射,从而达到降温的目的 47下列窗子可以沿竖轴转动的是(B)A 固定窗 B 立转窗 C 推拉窗 D 悬窗 48下列门按开启方式不同划分的一组是(D)A 普通门、保温门、隔声门、防火门、防盗门 B 木门、钢门、铝合金门、塑料门及塑钢门 C 上翻门、升降门、卷帘门、铝合金门、塑料门 D平开门、弹簧门、推拉门、折叠门、转门
49当厂房宽度较大时,特别是多跨厂房,为满足室内采光、通风的需要,屋顶上往往设有(B)
A 防盗门 B 天窗 C 空调 D 吊车梁 50单层厂房纵向轴线之间的距离称为(B)A 柱距 B 跨度 C 进深 D 高度
试卷(2)
1建筑既表示建造房屋和从事其它土木工程的活动,又表示这种活动的成果――建筑物。(√)
2结构构件与竖向定位轴线的关系,应有利于墙板、柱、梯段等竖向构件的统一,满足使用要求,便于施工。(√)
3立面设计不能孤立地处理每个面,也不能只局限立面的本身效果而忽略透视效果。(√)4柔性角是指基础放宽的引线与墙体垂直线之间的夹角。(×)
5土壤中的地下水主要是承压水,其水位的高低与地势和地质情况有关。(×)6在非砖混结构中,墙体可能是承重构件,也可能是围护构件。(√)7层高小或用作辅助房间的地下室,至少设置双跑楼梯。(×)
8当门窗洞口较大或洞口上部有集中荷载时,砖拱过梁是最好的选择。(×)9伸缩缝的间距与结构类型和房屋的屋盖类型以及有无保温层和隔热层有关。(√)10砖拱楼板可以节约钢材、水泥,但自重较大,抗震性能差,而且楼板层厚度较大,施工复杂,日前已经很少使用。(√)
11为有效防止室内受潮,避免地面结构层受潮而破坏,需对地层做必要的防潮处理。(√)12人造石材墙面可与天然石材媲美,但造价要低于天然石材墙面。(√)
13直接式顶棚的首要构造问题是基层处理,基层处理的目的是为了保证饰面的平整和增加抹灰层与基层的粘结力。(√)
14公共建筑楼梯井净宽大于200mm,住宅楼梯井净宽大于110mm时,无需安全措施。(×)15暗步楼梯弥补了明步楼梯梯段下部易积灰、侧面易污染的缺陷,但斜梁宽度要满足结构的要求,从而使梯段的净宽变小。(√)
16坡屋顶上面可以作为固定的活动场所,如做成露台、屋顶花园、屋顶养鱼池等。(×)17刚性防水屋面宜用于高温、有振动和基础有较大不均匀沉降的建筑。(×)18窗的尺度既要满足采光、通风与日照的需要,又要符合建筑立面设计及建筑模数协调的要求。(√)
19彩板门窗目前有两种类型,即带副框和不带副框的两种。(√)
20在设计原则、建筑用料和建筑技术等方面,工业建筑和民用建筑也有许多相同之处。(√)21吊车由运行部分和起升部分组成。(√)
22砌体墙在单层工业厂房中,当吊车吨位大于5时,主要起承重作用。(×)23工业厂房地面的组成与民用建筑相同,其只有面层和地基组成。(×)24轻钢结构不属于钢结构。(×)
25为使屋架上弦杆不产生弯矩,檩条宜位于屋架上弦节点处。(√)26下列按建筑的高度分类的一组是(B)
A 民用建筑、工业建筑和农业建筑 B 低层、中层、中高层和高层 C 砌体结构、框架结构、剪力墙结构 D 木结构、钢结构、混凝土结构 27影响建筑寿命长短的主要因素是(D)
A 结构形式的复杂程度 B 主要构件的耐火极限和燃烧性能 C 结构的高度和层数 D 结构构件的选材和结构体系
28建筑物中的既承重又起围护作用的水平构件是(C)A 地基 B 基础 C 墙体 D 楼地层
29平面设计中的交通联系枢纽部分主要是指(C)
A 走廊、过道 B 楼梯、电梯 C 门厅、过厅 D 坡道、自动扶梯
30建筑立面的构成要素中,窗、空廊、凹进部分以及实体中的透空部分,常给人以通透感,可称之为(A)
A “虚” B “实” C “动” D “静”
31用一假想的垂直剖切面将房屋剖开,移去观察者与剖切平面之间的房屋部分,作出剩余部分的房屋的正投影图,称为(C)A 建筑平面图 B 建筑立面图 C 建筑剖面图 D 建筑轴测图 32能直接承受建筑荷载的土层称为(C)A 刚性基础 B 柔性基础 C 天然地基 D 人工地基 33防空地下室的顶板必须采用(B)
A预制板 B现浇板 C 预制板上做现浇层 D装配式整体板 34用砖和砂浆砌筑的墙体称为(C)A 承重墙 B 板材墙 C 砖墙 D 非承重墙 35窗洞口下部设置的防水构造称为(D)A 明沟 B 踢脚 C 散水 D 窗台
36在建筑中用于完全分隔室内空间的非承重墙称为(A)A 隔墙 B 隔断 C 女儿墙 D山墙
37楼板层一般由面层、附加层、结构层和顶棚层等几个基本层次组成,其中作为楼板主要承重层次的是(A A 结构层 B 面层 C 附加层 D 顶棚层 38钢筋混凝土楼板按施工方式不同,分为(A)A 现浇整体式钢筋混凝土楼板、预制装配式钢筋混凝土楼板、装配整体式钢筋混凝土楼板 B 木楼板、砖拱楼板、压型钢板组合楼板 C 板式楼板、梁板式楼板、井式楼板、无梁楼板 D 叠合楼板、密肋填充块楼板
39抹灰分为一般抹灰和装饰抹灰两类,下列均属于装饰抹灰的是(D)A 石灰砂浆、混合砂浆、水泥砂浆 B 石灰砂浆、斩假石、水泥拉毛 C 干粘石、斩假石、水泥砂浆 D 水刷石、干粘石、斩假石
40天然石材的安装必须牢固,防止脱落,常见的方法主要有两种,分别是(A)A 拴挂法和干挂法 B 拴挂法和黏贴法 C 黏贴法和裱糊法 D 喷涂法和锤钉法)41下列关于顶棚作用说法有误的一项是(D)A 顶棚兼有满足使用功能的要求和满足人们在生理、心理等方面的精神需求的作用 B 顶棚具有改善室内环境,满足使用功能要求的作用
C 顶棚具有装饰室内空间的作用
D 顶棚的装饰处理对室内景观的完整统一及装饰效果影响不大
42建筑空间的竖向组合联系,主要依靠楼梯、电梯、自动扶梯、台阶、坡道以及爬梯等竖向交通设施,其中使用最为广泛的是(B)A 自动扶梯 B 楼梯 C 爬梯 D 坡道
43梁板式楼梯由踏步板、楼梯斜梁、平台梁和平台板组成,其中支承楼梯斜梁的是(C)A 踏步板 B 楼梯斜梁本身 C平台梁 D平台板 44下列无需设置消防电梯的建筑是(D)A 十二层及十二层以上的单元式住宅或通廊式住宅 B 高度超过32m的二类公共建筑 C 一类公共建筑 D 大跨度桥梁建筑
45以细石混凝土作防水层的屋面称为(B)A 柔性防水屋面 B 刚性防水屋面 C 涂料防水防水屋面 D 半柔半钢防水屋面 46屋面坡度小于5%的屋顶,称为(A)A平屋顶 B 坡屋顶 C 折板屋盖 D 悬索屋盖 47下列窗子可以沿竖轴转动的是(B)A 固定窗 B 立转窗 C 推拉窗 D 悬窗 48下列门按所用材料不同划分的一组是(B)A 普通门、保温门、隔声门、防火门、防盗门 B 木门、钢门、铝合金门、塑料门及塑钢门 C 上翻门、升降门、卷帘门、铝合金门、塑料门 D平开门、弹簧门、推拉门、折叠门、转门
49指在温、湿度波动很少的范围内进行生产的车间称为(D)A 热加工车间 B 冷加工车间 C 洁净车间 D 恒温恒湿车间 50单层厂房横向定位轴线间的距离称为(C)A 长度 B 进深 C 柱距 D 跨度
试卷(3)
1任何好的设计构想如果没有技术做保证,都只能停留在图纸上,不能成为建筑物。(√)2内墙顶层墙身的中心线不得与平面定位轴线相重合。(×)
3建筑立面是由许多部件组成的,它包括门、窗、柱、墙、阳台、雨篷、花饰、勒脚、檐口等。(√)
4基础的耐久性是保证建筑物荷载可靠传递的充分条件。(×)
5土壤中的地下水主要是地下潜水,其水位的高低与地势和地质情况无关。(×)6在框架结构中,墙体是最主要的承重构件。(×)
7层高小或用作辅助房间的地下室,可只设置单跑楼梯。(√)8内窗台应设置排水构造。(×)
9伸缩缝的宽度越宽越好。(×)
10木楼板耐火性、耐久性、隔声能力好,但为节约木材,目前已很少采用。(×)11地层与土层直接接触,土壤中的水分因毛细现象作用上升引起地面受潮,但通常不影响室内卫生和使用。(×)
12室外装修用于外墙表面、兼有保护墙体和增加美观的作用。(√)
13利用不同材料的室内装修,会产生对声音的吸收或反射作用,改善室内音质效果。(√)14在部分多层建筑和高层建筑中,电梯是解决垂直交通的主要设备,因些无需设置楼梯。(×)
15经常有儿童活动的建筑,栏杆的分格应设计成易于儿童攀登的形式。(×)
16平屋顶上面可以作为固定的活动场所,如做成露台、屋顶花园、屋顶养鱼池等。(√)17刚性防水屋面要求基层变形大,一般只适用于有保温层的屋面。(×)
18窗在外墙面上占有有显著地位,它的形状、大小、比例、排列对立面美观影响很大,所以还兼有美观作用。(√)
19门框的安装与窗框相同,分立口和塞口两种施工方法,工厂化生产的成品门,其安装多采用立口法施工。(×)
20有桥式吊车的厂房,室内净高不得高于8米。(×)
21桥式吊车桥架由两榀钢桁架或钢梁制作,支承在吊车梁的轨道上,沿厂房横向运行。(×)22单层工业厂房的大型墙板类型很多,按墙板的性能不同,有保温墙板和非保温墙板。(√)23当地面直接安装中小型设备、有较大的荷载且不允许面层变形或裂缝,或有侵蚀性介质及大量水的作用时,采用柔性垫层。(×)
24轻型钢结构由基础梁、柱、檩条、层面和墙体组成。(√)25为使屋架上弦杆不产生弯矩,檩条宜位于屋架上弦节点处。(√)26下列按建筑的使用性质分类的一组是(A)
A 民用建筑、工业建筑和农业建筑 B 低层、中层、中高层和高层 C 砌体结构、框架结构、剪力墙结构 D 木结构、钢结构、混凝土结构 27影响建筑寿命长短的主要因素是(D)
A 结构形式的复杂程度 B 主要构件的耐火极限和燃烧性能 C 结构的高度和层数 D 结构构件的选材和结构体系
28建筑中主要作用是采光和通风的非承重构件是(C)A 地基 B 楼梯 C 窗 D 楼地层
29表示建筑物在水平方向房屋各部分的组合关系,并集中反映建筑物的功能关系的是(A)A 建筑平面 B 建筑立面 C 建筑剖面 D 建筑截面
30建筑立面的构成要素中,窗、空廊、凹进部分以及实体中的透空部分,常给人以通透感,可称之为(A)
A “虚” B “实” C “动” D “静”
31楼地面到楼板或板下凸出物的底面和垂直距离(C)A 层高 B 标高 C 净高 D 视高
32在建筑工程中,把建筑物与土壤直接接触的部分称为(A)
A 基础 B 柔性基础 C 天然地基 D 人工地基 33防空地下室的顶板必须采用(B)
A 预制板 B 现浇板 C 预制板上做现浇层 D 装配式整体板 34沿建筑物纵轴方向布置的墙称为(B)A 山墙 B 纵墙 C 横墙 D 女儿墙
35外墙身接近室外地面出的表面保护和饰面处理的部分称为(A)A 勒脚 B 踢脚 C 散水 D 墙身防潮层 36单块质量不超过20Kg的砌块属于(A)A 小型砌块 B 中型砌块 C 大型砌块 D 不能确定
37楼板层一般由面层、附加层、结构层和顶棚层等几个基本层次组成,其中位于楼板层最上端的是(B)
A 结构层 B 面层 C 附加层 D 顶棚层 38由板和梁组成的楼板称为(A)
A 梁板式楼板 B 压型钢板组合楼板 C 井式楼板 D 无梁楼板 39普通抹灰的质量要求标准是(A)))
A 一层底灰,一层面灰 B 一层底灰,数层中灰,一层面灰 C 二层底灰,二层面灰 D 一层底灰,一层中灰,一层面灰 40相比较面言,下列墙面装修属于高级装修的一种是(C)A 刷涂料 B 贴釉面砖 C 板材装修 D 砂浆抹灰 41顶棚按施工方法的不同,可分为(B)
A平滑式顶棚、井格式顶棚、悬浮式顶棚、分层式顶棚 B 抹灰刷浆类顶棚、裱糊类顶棚、贴面类顶棚、装配式板材顶棚 C 悬浮式顶棚、分层式顶棚、贴面式顶棚、装配式板材顶棚 D 抹灰刷浆类顶棚、裱糊类顶棚、平滑式顶棚、井格式顶棚 42楼梯的种类很多,下面按材料划分的一组是(A)A 钢筋混凝土楼梯、钢楼梯、木楼梯 B 室内楼梯和室外楼梯
C 主要楼梯、辅助楼梯、疏散楼梯及消防楼梯 D 单跑直楼梯、双跑直楼梯、双跑平行楼梯
43梁板式楼梯由踏步板、楼梯斜梁、平台梁和平台板组成,其中支承踏步板的是(B)A 踏步板本身 B 楼梯斜梁 C平台梁 D平台板 44下列关于电梯机房说法有误的一项是(A)A 机房必须设在电梯井道的顶部
B 机房的平面和剖面尺寸均应满足布置机械及电控设备的需要
C 为了减少振动噪音,除在机房机座下设弹性垫层外,还应在机房下部设置隔音层 D 机房的面积要大于井道的面积
45以细石混凝土作防水层的层面称为(B)A 柔性防水层面 B 刚性防水层面
C 涂料防水防水层面 D 半柔半钢防水层面 46种植隔热屋面的机理是(C)
A 组织空气对流,形成屋顶内的自然通风,以减少由屋顶传入室内的辐射热 B,从而大量消耗晒到屋面的太阳辐射热
C利用植被的蒸腾和光合作用,吸收太阳辐射热,从而达到降温隔热的目的 D 利用材料的颜色和光滑度对热辐射的进行反射,从而达到降温的目的 47不设窗扇,不能开启,仅作采光、日照和眺望用的窗指的是(A))A固定窗B平开窗C推拉窗D悬窗;
48下列门按使用功能不同划分的一组是(A);
A普通门、保温门、隔声门、防火门、防盗门B木门、; 49用于从事工业生产的各种房屋,称为(D); A农业建筑B民用建筑C军事建筑D工业建筑; 50垂直厂房长度方向的定位轴线称为(A); A横向定位轴线B纵向定位轴线C柱距D跨度;
试卷(4)
试卷(4)
1供人们进行社会活动的建筑物称为居住建筑。(×)
2承重外墙顶层墙身的内缘与平面定位轴线的距离,一般为顶层承重内墙厚度的一半、顶层墙身厚度的一半、半砖或半砖的倍数。(√)
3交通联系部分无需考虑采光通风要求和空间造型问题。(×)4刚性角可以用基础放阶的级高与级宽的比值来表示。(×)5墙下条形基础多用于超高层建筑。(×)
6在非砖混结构中,墙体可能是承重构件,也可能是围护构件。(√)
7基础沉降缝的宽度与上部结构相同,基础由于埋在地下,缝内必须堵塞。(×)8以窗框为界,位于室外一侧的称为窗台,室内一侧的称为内窗台。(√)9沉降缝又叫温度缝。(×)
10砖拱楼板可以节约钢材、水泥,但自重较轻,抗震性能好,目前广泛使用。(×)11建筑物内的厕所、盥洗室、沐浴间等房间由于使用功能的要求,往往容易积水,处理不当容易发生渗水漏水现象。(√)
12为保证抹灰牢固、平整、颜色均匀和面层不开裂脱落,施工时须分层操作,且每层抹得越厚越好。(×)
13直接式顶棚的中间层、面层的做法和构造与墙面装饰做法完全不同。(×)14楼梯的主要功能是满足人和物的正常运行和紧急疏散。(√)
15经常有儿童活动的建筑,栏杆的分格应设计成易于儿童攀登的形式。(×)16屋顶主要由屋面层、承重结构、保温或隔热层和顶棚四部分组成。(√)
17刚性屋面对温度变化和结构变形较为敏感,施工技术要求较高,较易产生裂缝而渗漏水。(√)
18我国大部分地区标准窗的尺寸均采用9M的扩大模数。(×)
19门框的安装与窗框相同,分立口和塞口两种施工方法,工厂化生产的成品门,其安装多采用立口法施工。(×)
20工业建筑与民用建筑一样,要体现适用、安全、经济、美观的方针。(√)21厂房的平面、剖面和立面设计是不可分割的整体,设计时必须统一考虑。(√)22虽然单层工业厂房的大型墙板在墙面上的位置不同,但板的形状、构造、预埋件的位置均相同。(×)
23单层厂房的屋面防水主要有卷材防水、各种波形瓦(板)、压型钢板屋面和钢筋混凝土构件自防水等类型。(√)
24轻型钢结构是在普通钢结构的基础上发展起来的一种新型结构形式,它包括所有轻型层面下采用的钢结构。(√)
25实腹式檩条的截面均宜平行于屋面坡面。(×)
26仅仅为满足生产、生活的某一方面需要,建造的某些工程设施则称为(D)A 民用建筑 B 建筑物 C 工业建筑 D 构筑物 27建筑物耐久等级的指标是(A)
A 使用年限 B 抗渗等级 C 能否燃烧 D 重要程度 28建筑物中的水平承重构件是(D)A 地基 B 基础 C 墙体 D 楼地层
29建筑平面一般由三部分组成,分别是(B)
A 生活部分、学习部分、公共活动部分 B 使用部分、交通联系部分、结构部分 C 卧室、起居室、洗手室 D 内部结构、分层情况、各层高度
30建筑立面的构成要素中,墙、柱、栏板、屋顶等给人以厚重封闭的感觉,可称为(B)A “虚” B “实” C “动” D “静”
31施工中,可做为进行分层、砌筑内墙、铺设楼板、屋面板和内装修等工作的依据的建筑图是(C)
A 建筑平面图 B 建筑立面图 C 建筑剖面图 D 建筑轴测图 32能直接承受建筑荷载的土层称为(C)A 刚性基础 B 柔性基础 C 天然地基 D 人工地基 33通常将建筑物首层下面的房间称为(D)A 防空室 B 储藏室 C 门厅 D 地下室 34沿建筑物纵轴方向布置的墙称为(B)A 山墙 B 纵墙 C 横墙 D 女儿墙
35外墙内侧或内墙两侧的下部与室内地坪交接处的构造称为(B)A 勒脚 B 踢脚 C 散水 D 墙身防潮层 36单块质量超过350Kg的砌块属于(C)A 小型砌块 B 中型砌块 C 大型砌块 D 不能确定 37用来敷设水平设备暗管线的管线敷设层应归属于(C)A 结构层 B 面层 C 附加层 D 顶棚层
38下列关于梁板式楼板说法错误的一项是(C)
A 梁板式楼板通常在纵横两个方向都设置梁,有主梁和次梁之分 B 主梁和次梁的布置应整齐有规律
C 一般主梁沿房间长跨方向布置,次梁则平行于主梁布置 D 楼板上的荷载先由板传给梁,再由梁传给墙或柱 39外墙抹灰的厚度一般为(A)
A 20-25mm B 10-15mm C 20-30mm D 30-40mm 40下面关于板材墙面说法错误的一项是(A)A 板材墙面属于中等装修 B 板材墙面一般采用干作业法
C 板材墙面最大的特点是不污染墙面和地面 D 木板墙面由木骨架和板材两部分组成 41平滑式顶棚的特点是(A)A 将整个顶棚呈现平直或弯曲的连续体
B 根据或模仿结构上主、次梁或井字梁交叉布置的规律,将顶棚划分为格子状 C 把各种形状的预制块体悬挂在结构层或平滑式顶棚下,形成特色的悬浮状
D 根据使用要求,将局部顶棚降低或升高,构成不同形状、不同层次的小空间
42建筑空间的竖向组合联系,主要依靠楼梯、电梯、自动扶梯、台阶、坡道以及爬梯等竖向交通设施,其中使用最为广泛的是(B)A 自动扶梯 B 楼梯 C 爬梯 D 坡道
43楼梯上供人们行走时踏脚的水平面称为(C)、A 梯段 B 踢面 C 踏面 D平台
44下列关于电梯井道说法有误的一项是(C)A 电梯井道是电梯轿厢运行的通道
B 井道内部设置电梯导轨、平衡配重等电梯运行配件,并设有电梯出入口 C 电梯井道必须用砖砌筑,不可以采用现浇钢筋混凝土墙 D 电梯井道应只供电梯使用,不允许布置无关的管线
45利用涂料干燥或固化以后的不透水性来达到防水的目的屋面称为(C)A 柔性防水屋面 B 刚性防水屋面 C 涂料防水屋面 D 半柔半钢防水屋面 46反射降温屋面的机理是(D)
A 组织空气对流,形成屋顶内的自然通风,以减少由屋顶传入室内的辐射热 B 利用水蒸发时需要大量的汽化热,从而大量消耗晒到屋面的太阳辐射热 C 利用植被的蒸腾和光合作用,吸收太阳辐射热,从而达到降温隔热的目的 D 利用材料的颜色和光滑度对热辐射的进行反射,从而达到降温的目的 47不设窗扇,不能开启,仅作采光、日照和眺望用的窗指的是(A)A 固定窗 B平开窗 C 推拉窗 D 悬窗 48保温门窗设计的要点在于(C)
A 采用难燃烧体材料 B 避免刚性连接,以防止连接处固体传声
C 提高门窗的热阻,减少冷空气渗透量 D 增加玻璃厚度 49用于从事工业生产的各种房屋,称为(D)A 农业建筑 B 民用建筑 C 军事建筑 D 工业建筑 50单层厂房纵向轴线之间的距离称为(B)A 柱距 B 跨度 C 进深 D 高度 A 固定窗 B平开窗 C 推拉窗 D 悬窗 48下列门按使用功能不同划分的一组是(A)
A 普通门、保温门、隔声门、防火门、防盗门 B 木门、钢门、铝合金门、塑料门及塑钢门 C 上翻门、升降门、卷帘门、铝合金门、塑料门 D平开门、弹簧门、推拉门、折叠门、转门 49用于从事工业生产的各种房屋,称为(D)A 农业建筑 B 民用建筑 C 军事建筑 D 工业建筑 50垂直厂房长度方向的定位轴线称为(A)A 横向定位轴线 B 纵向定位轴线 C 柱距 D 跨度
试卷(5)
1·建筑构成的基本要素不包括(D)。
A.建筑功能 B.建筑形象 c.物质技术条件 D.建筑高度 2.框架结构中,最主要的竖向承重构件是(C)。A.基础 B.墙体 C.柱子 D.屋顶
3.下列关于砖混结构中定位轴线说法错误的一项是(C)。A.内墙顶层墙身的中心线一般与平面定位轴线相重合 B.当墙厚为180mm时,墙身的中心线与平面定位轴线重合 c非承重外墙与平面定位轴线的联系,不可按承重外墙布置
D.非承重外墙与平面定位轴线的联系,可使墙身内侧与平面定位轴线相重合 4.表示建筑物的总长、总宽的尺寸是(A)。A.总尺寸 B.轴线尺寸C.细部尺寸 D.不确定 5.能直接承受建筑荷载的土层称为(C)。
A.刚性基础 B.柔性基础 C.天然地基 D.人工地基 6.防空地下室的顶板必须采用(B)。
A.预制板 B.现浇板c.预制板上做现浇层. D.装配式整体板 7.沿建筑物纵向方向布置的墙称为(D)。B.承重墙 A.女儿墙 C.横墙 D.纵墙
8.外墙身接近室外地面处的表面保护和饰面处理的部分称为(A)。A.勒脚 B.踢脚 c.散水 D.墙身防潮层
9.为防止建筑物受温度变化而引起变形设置的变形缝为(A)。A.伸缩缝 B.沉降缝c.防震缝 D.保温缝
10.下列关于密肋填充块楼板说法错误的一项是(D)。A.密肋填充块楼板是采用间距较小的密肋小梁做承重构件
B.现浇密肋填充块楼板是以陶土空心砖等作为肋间填充块来现浇密肋和面板而成
c.密肋填充块楼板的密肋小梁有现浇和预制两种
D·密肋填充块楼板的肋间距一般为30~60mm,面板的厚度一般为40~50mm
二、判断题(每小题2分.共20分。正确画√-错误画×)
11.住宅建筑按层数划分,其中4~6层为多层,10层及10层以上为高层。(√)12.砌体结构最适合用于大跨度的公共建筑。(×)
13.由砖石、毛石、素混凝土、灰土等刚性材料制作的基础称为柔性基础。(×)14.结构层又称楼面或地面,是楼板上表面的构造层,也是室内空间下部的装修层。(×)15.砌筑墙体的砂浆属于气硬性材料,强度高,适合砌筑处于干燥环境下的砌体。(×)16.楼梯的主要功能是满足人和物的正常运行和紧急疏散,其数量、位置、形式应符合有关规范和标准的规定。(√)
17.屋顶按采用的材料和结构类型的不同可做成不同的形式,一般分为平屋顶、坡屋顶和其他形式的屋顶三大类。(√)
18.塑钢门窗具有抗风压强度好、耐冲击、耐久性好、耐腐蚀、使用寿命长的特点。(√)19.单层厂房的骨架结构,是由支承各种竖向的和水平的荷载作用的构件所组成。(√)20.工业厂房地面的组成与民用建筑基本相同,也是由面层、垫层和地基组成。(√)
一、单项选择题(每小题2分,共20分)1.建筑构成的基本要素不包括(D)。
A.建筑功能 B.建筑形象 C.物质技术条件 D.建筑高度
2.绘制建筑平面图的比例最常用的是(B);A.1:50B.1:100C.1:200D.1:; 3.下列关于刚性基础说法有误的一项是(D);A.刚性基础是由砖石、毛石、素混凝土、灰土等刚性;B.刚性角是指基础放宽的引线与墙体垂直线之间的夹;C.凡受刚性角限制的基础称为刚性基础;D.刚性基础抗压强度低而抗拉、抗剪强度高; 4.每皮均以顺砖组砌,上下皮左右搭接为半砖的砌合方式是(B)。A.一顺一丁式 B.全顺式 C.顺丁相间式 D.梅花丁式 5.用来分隔建筑空间的水平承重构件是(B)。A.楼梯 B.楼板层 C.柱子 D.基础 6.普通抹灰的质量要求标准是(A)。
A.-层底灰,一层面灰 B.-层底灰,数层中灰,一层面灰 C.二层底灰,二层面灰 D.一层底灰,一层中灰,一层面灰 7.医院楼梯踏步的最小宽度值和最大高度值分别是(B)。
A.260mm、175mm B.280mm、160mm C.260mm、170mm D.280mm、200mm 8.高层建筑屋面的防水等级为(B)。A.-级 B.二级 C.三级 D.四级
9.阅览室、医务室等房间的采光等级为(B)。A.-级 B.二级 C.三级 D.四级
10.支撑构件设置在纵向柱列之间的称为(A)。A.支撑系统 B.屋架支撑 C.排架支撑 D.纵向支撑
二、判断题(每小题2分,共20分。正确画√,错误画×)
11.任何好的设计构想如果没有技术做保证,都只能停留在图纸上,不能成为建筑实物。(√)
12.对于楼房,必须每一层都画一个平面图。(×)13.建筑物应尽量建造在地基承载力较高且均匀的土层上,如岩石、坚硬土层等。(√)14.结构层又称楼面或地面,是楼板上表面的构造层,也是室内空间下部的装修层。(×)15.室外装修用于外墙表面,兼有保护墙体和增加美观的作用。(√)16.位于两个楼层之间的平台称为楼层平台。(×)17.屋顶按采用的材料和结构类型的不同可做成不同的形式,一般分为平屋顶、坡屋顶和其他形式的屋 顶三大类。(√)
18.窗主要由窗框、窗樘、窗扇和附件等四部分组成。(×)19.单层厂房的骨架结构,是由支承各种竖向和水平荷载作用的构件所组成。(√)20.工业厂房地面的组成与民用建筑基本相同,也是由面层、垫层和地基组成。(√)
终结性考试样题
判断题
1.建筑既表示建造房屋和从事其他土木工程的活动,又表示这种活动的成果-建筑物。(√)2.任何好的设计构想如果没有技术做保证,都只能停留在图纸上,不能成为建筑实物。(√)3.供人们生活起居用的建筑物称为公共建筑。(×)4.供人们进行社会活动的建筑物称为居住建筑。(×)
5.供人们进行农牧业的种植、养殖、贮存等用途的建筑称为水工建筑。(×)6.由于低层住宅占地较多,因此在大城市中应当控制建造。(√)
7.墙体具有承重要求时,它承担屋顶和楼板层传来的荷载,并传给基础。(√)8.门窗、阳台、雨篷、台阶、散水、通风道等均为建筑的次要组成部分。(×)9.房屋的建造地点不同,使用功能不同,往往对建筑构造的要求也不相同。(√)10.在选择受力的构配件时,应把美观放在首位,比如楼梯的栏杆和扶手。(×)11.不同的时代、不同的地域、不同的人群对建筑形象的理解是相同的。(×)12.物质技术条件在限制建筑发展空间的同时也促进了建筑的发展。(√)
13.建筑的艺术形象是以其平面空间组合、建筑体型和立面、材料的色彩和质感、细部的处理及刻画来体现的。(√)
14.细部的构造处理也对建筑的整体美观影响不大。(×)
15.建筑模数是选定的标准尺度单位,作为建筑空间、建筑构配件、建筑制品以及有关设备尺寸相互协调中的增值单位。(√)
16.细部的构造处理对建筑的整体美观影响很大。(×)选择题
1.建筑最下部的承重构件指的是(B)A.地基 B.基础 C.墙体 D.梁 2.建筑物中的水平承重构件是(C)A.地基 B.基础 C.墙体 D.楼地层
3.建筑物中的既承重和又其围护作用的水平构件是(D)A.地基 B.基础 C.墙体 D.楼地层
4.建筑中主要作用是采光和通风的非承重构件是(C)A.地基 B.楼梯 C.窗 D.楼地层
5.在框架承重结构中,最主要的竖向承重构件是(D)A.地基 B.基础 C.墙体 D.柱
6.下列具有在水平
电大机考英语作文题目及
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