第一篇：2012年全国职称英语考试综合B级试题及答案

第一部分：词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.All the walls in the building had the same layout.A.size

B.function

C.color

D.arrangment

答案：D

2.The storm caused severe damage.A.physical

B.accidental

C.serious

D.enviromental

答案：C

3.The walls are made of hollow concret blocks.A.big

B.empty

C.long

D.new

答案：B

4.Our aim was to update the health service and we succeeded.A.offer

B.provide

C.modernize

D.fund

答案：C

5.Do we have to wear these name tags?

A.lists

B.forms

C.lables

D.codes

答案：C

6.Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted‖Joe,Joe,Joe‖

A.repeated

B.jumped

C.maintained

D.approached

答案：A

7.He inspired many young people to take up sports.A.encouraged

B.allowed

C.called

D.advised

答案：A

8.The city center was wiped out by the bomb.A.covered

B.reduced

C.destroyed

D.moved

答案：C

9.Most baby can take in a wide range of food easily.A.bring

B.digest

C.keep

D.serve

答案：B

10.A larg crowd assembled outside the American embassy.A.watched

B.shouted

C.gathered

D.walked

答案：C

11.The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.A.fresh

B.hot

C.heavy

D.windy

答案：A

12.What puzzles me is why his books are so popular.A.shocks

B.influences

C.confuses

D.concerns

答案：C

13.I think $7 a drink is a bit steep, don’t you?

A.tight

B.low

C.cheap

D.high

答案：D

14.The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious.A.need

B.hate

C.love

D.pity

答案：D

15.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.A.slightly

B.partly

C.faintly

D.completely

答案：D 第二部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Brotherly Love

1.Adidas and puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century.-------Wrong

2.The brothers’ father was a ball maker.-------Wrong

3.The brothers make shoes at home.-------Right

4.The brothers argued about the shoes.-------Wrong

5.The brothers decided to start their separate companies after argument.-------Right

6.Nike makes more shoes than Adidas.-------Not mentioned

7.People in town have forgotten their argument.-------Wrong

第三部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23~30题，每题1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

How technology pushes down price(原文有删减)

The Treaty of Breda, signed in 1667 after a war between the English and Dutch in which the English were worsted, gave the Dutch the big prize: Run, a small island in the Indonesian archipelago which was the world's principal source of nutmeg.The margin on nutmeg at the time was around 3,200%.The English, as a consolation prize, got Manhattan.As an illustration of the long-term fall in food prices compared with other goods, that is a sharp one.But deflation has characterized the food business for centuries, because of continual advances in food production and distribution technology.Consumers have benefited greatly from those advances.Malthusians, whose descendants until quite recently predicted that the world would run out of food, have thereby been confounded.More and more food is being produced by fewer and fewer people with less and less capital;it is therefore ever more plentiful and cheaper.Since demand is to some extent limited by the size of people's stomachs, spending on food compared with other goods has been falling for many years, and continues to drop(see chart 4).Genetically modified(GM)seeds are the latest manifestation of a production revolution that started with Charles ―Turnip‖ Townsend, who in the 18th century laid the basis for crop rotation.Organic fertilisers were replaced by chemical ones in the 19th century.The railway opened up the American mid-west.The horse replaced the cow, the combine harvester the horse.After the second world war, dwarf varieties of wheat and rice(which overcame the problem that heavily fertilised crops in hot countries grew too tall and fell over)boosted developing-country output.The ―green revolution‖ helped trigger a more recent ―livestock revolution‖, documented by Chris Delgado, who works jointly for the International Food Policy Research Institute and the International Livestock Research Institute.Higher incomes and urbanisation, combined with falling food prices, have boosted meat and milk consumption in developing countries.By 1997, real beef prices were a third their level in 1971.Over that period, meat consumption in developing countries rose five-fold, three times as fast as in developed countries.Milk consumption rose three-fold.By the 1980s, advances in conventional plant breeding had tailed off, but GM made it possible to do things with DNA that conventional breeding could not do.Despite scaremongering in Europe, GM technology is spreading elsewhere: most of the world's soya is now GM.Producing lots of food is not much good unless you can distribute it, so advances in distribution technology have been as important as those in production technology.Salt, used to preserve food, which meant that it could be stored and traded, was an early aid to distribution.Canning arrived in the early 19th century, when a Frenchman discovered that food could be stored longer if it was heated before it was bottled, and a Briton worked out that tin cans were easier to transport than bottles;and both the British and the French armies used the technology to feed their troops in the Napoleonic wars.Francis Bacon, a British scientist and essayist, was an early victim of the struggle to develop refrigeration technology: he died in 1626 after eating some chicken that he had stuffed with snow as part of an experiment.In 1877 the first shipload of frozen beef was carried from Argentina to France.The impact on the food industry of the spread of the domestic refrigerator in the 20th century was rivalled only by that of the car, which changed the face of retailing by allowing supermarkets to develop.Supermarkets have helped push down prices principally because of their scale.Big businesses can invest in IT systems that make them efficient.And their size allows them to buy in bulk.The more concentrated the retail business becomes, the bigger supermarkets get, the further prices get pushed down until, of course, there is so much concentration that there is not enough competition.Britain's Competition Commission indicated earlier this year that the supermarket industry was moving towards that point: it refused to let any of the top three supermarket chains buy one of the smaller players.In America, however, where the size of the country means a more fragmented retail business, there is still scope for further concentration: the ―black death‖, as Wal-Mart is known in the trade, is expected to claim more victims.Wal-Mart's scale, the efficiency of its IT systems and the cheapness of its non-unionised labour force($8-10 an hour compared with $17-18 for mid-sized players such as Albertsons, A hold, Safeway and Kroger), give it a massive advantage.It sells Colgate toothpaste for an average of 63% of its competitors' price, Tropicana orange juice for 58% and Kellogg's Corn Flakes for 56%.Analysts expect at least one of the mid-sized firms to disappear.The concentration of power among retailers has led to another stage in the shift in power down the food chain.Once upon a time, power lay with landlords.In the 20th century, as processing and distribution became more important, so did the food producers.Lord Haskins, Tony Blair's adviser on farming, recalls going to food industry conferences in the 1970s, when there would be a line of Rolls-Royces outside, all belonging to producers.Retailer concentration has shifted power(and profits)further down the food chainNo longer.Retailer concentration has shifted power(and profits)further down the food chain.But the retailers are not the type to swank around in flash cars.They are ostentatiously parsimonious, advertising their determination to keep prices down.Wal-Mart's headquarters in Bentonville, Arkansas, is in a converted warehouse.Tesco, Britain's biggest private-sector employer, has its headquarters in a Stalinist bunker in a nasty bit of north-east London.Beside the main reception its share price is proudly displayed on one of those blackboards with white plastic letters stuck on to it that you see in the cheapest sandwich bars.One of the manifestations of retailers' power(which also reinforces it)is the growth of private-label(ie, supermarket-not producer-branded)goods.In 2002, according to the Boston Consulting Group, own-label made up 39% of grocery sales in Britain, 21% in France and only 16% in the United States, but everybody thinks that, as retailing becomes more concentrated, America is going the way of Britain.Retailers can sell private-label only if the price cuts they offer mean more to consumers than a producer's brand.As own-label has expanded, so supermarkets have been taking all but the most successful brands off their shelves.―If you are a must-have brand it's fine,‖ says Dido Harding, Tesco's commercial director.―If you're a sub-global brand, life's much harder.‖The shift in power to retailers has put pressure on producers' margins, hence huge programmes of cuts.Since 2000, Uni-lever has cut its workforce by 33,000 to 245,000 and dropped lots of minor brands as part of its ―path to growth‖ strategy.Cadbury is the latest to announce big cuts: in October it said that it will be shutting 20% of its 133 factories and cutting 10% of its 55,000 global workforce.These cuts should help keep costs, and thus the price of food, low.Does cheap food make people unhealthy? In some ways.Hydrogenated vegetable oil, for instance—vegetable fat made solid by adding hydrogen atoms—is the nutritionists' current bête noire.Widely used as a cheap substitute for butter and cream, it is the main dietary source of trans fats.Trans fats are heavily implicated in heart disease;companies are taking them out of products for fear of lawsuits.Cheap food may also make people eat more.In a paper entitled ―Why have Americans become more obese?‖ David Cutler, Jesse Shapiro and Edward Glaeser, a group of Harvard economists, note that, among OECD countries, obesity is correlated to the level of regulation: the more food laws, the more protected local producers are, the harder it is to import technology, the slimmer people tend to be.They reckon that is because of price: the less regulated a country, the cheaper a Big Mac tends to be.But it could be another factor: heavily regulated countries might, for instance, be places with stronger family ties where real meals have survived and people eat fewer snacks and less fast food.Giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got a better dealFood companies certainly think giving people more food for their money makes them buy more.That is why portions have been getting larger and larger.In America, soft drinks, which used to come in 8oz and then 12oz containers now come in 20oz ones.As Dennis Lombardi of Technomic, a food-industry consultancy in Chicago, points out, giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got a better deal.―If I can give you an 8oz portion for $7, I can give you a 12oz portion for $8.The only incremental cost to me is the food, which probably cost 25 cents.‖ Everybody, therefore, has done it.Scientists have shown that portion size partly determines how much people eat.Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, fed subjects macaroni cheese, some in 2.5-cup portions, some in 5-cup portions.The ones with the big portions ate 27% more, on average, than those with small portions but did not report feeling any fuller.Brian Wansink at the University of Illinois found that if you give movie-goers an extra-large bucket of popcorn, they eat nearly half as much again as if you give them the next size down, even if the popcorn is stale.Now companies are under pressure to stop selling people more for less.But it is a hard trend to reverse, as Mr Lombardi points out.―How about I give you a third less food for $1 less? I don't think so.‖

23.Paragraph 1

24.Paragraph 2

25.Paragraph 3

26.Paragraph 4

A.Huge retailers force producers to cunt costs

B.Consumers like supermarkets

C.Technology helps reduce food prices

D.Food comes cheaper in larger portions

E.Chain stores provide better service

F.Bigger supermarkets offer lower prices

27.Big supermarkets can offer food at lower prices because they can buy in___

28.Some food producers have reduced___

29.Besides cutting its workforce, Unilever also abandoned its___

30.Buyers like bigger portion because they think they have got___

A.their workforce

B.huge portions

C.large quantities

D.their money

E.a good barging

F.minor brands

答案：

23.C technology helps reduce food prices

24.F bigger supermarkets offer lower prices

25.A.Huge retailers force producers to cut costs

26.D.food comes cheaper in larger portions

27.Big supermarkets can offer food at lower prices because they can buy ___.答案为C: in bulk = in large quantities

28.Some forced producers have reduced ___答案为F。minor brands

29.Besides cutting its cost, Unilever also abandoned its ____答案为A.their workforce

30.Buyers like big portions because they think they have got ___.答案为E。a good bargain = a better deal 第四部分：阅读理解(第31~45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

Oseola Marcaty

31.This woman shocked and inspired the world because ______.A.she had managed to save so much money

B.she gave her money to African Americans

C.she gave her life savings to help others through university

D.she only spent money on cheap things

答案：A

32.She managed to save so much money because ______.A.she had ironed and washed clothes all her life

B.she had worked hard, saved hard and invested carefully

C.she had opened a good bank account

D.she knew how to make money

答案：B

33.She gave her money away because ______.A.she wanted to help the university

B.she wanted others to have the chance to become nurses

C.she wanted others to have the opportunity to escape a hard life

D.she want to be remembered after her death

答案：C

34.When her generosity was made ______.A.people donated billions

B.hundreds of students got scholarships

C.hundreds of people put money into the fund

D.she was sent to university

答案：C

35.Marcarty’s generosity indicates clearly that

A.scholarship funds are popular in US

B.Kind-hearted people deserves doctorates

C.Selflessness exists in human society

D.Poor people can donate as much as rich people

答案：D

第二篇 From Ponzi to Madoff

36.For every $100 Ponzi promises to pay people

A.$5 a year

B.$40 a year

C.$20 a year

D.$100 a year

答案：B

37.What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him?

A.He spent it all on things for himself.B.He used some of it to pay other people.C.He deposited it all in a bank.D.He kept it all to save for a good plan.答案：B

38.What was Ponzi’s crime?

A.He kept a lot of other peoples’ money for himself.B.He robbed the banks of millions of dollars.C.He gave people more than bank allowed.D.He couldn’t pay people the interests.答案：A

39.How long did Madoff’s trick lasts

A.Four years.B.Forty years.C.Nine years.D.Ninety years.答案：B

40.Why didn’t Madoff have to go on trail?

A.He admitted he was guilty.B.The officials couldn’t find any evidence against him.C.He had friends in government who helped him.D.He returned all illegal money.答案：A

第三篇

Gross National Happiness

In the last century，new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries.However，one country resisted these changes.High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia，the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate.Its people and Buddhist(佛教)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years.Bhutan，however，was a poor country.People died at a young age.Most of its people could not read，and they did not know much about the outside world.Then，in 1972，a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern，but without losing its traditions.King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas.He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product(GNP)。The GNP measures products and money.When the number of products sold increases，people say the country is making progress.King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan.He wanted to measure his country’s progress by people’s happiness.If the people’s happiness increased，the king could say that Bhutan was making progress.To decide if people were happier，he created a measure called Gross National Happiness(GNH)。

GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness.People are happier if they have health care，education，and jobs.They are happier when they live in a healthy，protected environment.They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs.Finally，people are happier when they have a good，stable government.Now these is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan.People are healthier and are living longer.More people are educated and employed.Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks，and the country has almost no pollution.The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs.Bhutan has also become a democracy.In 2008，King Wangchuck gave his power to his son.Although the country still had a king，it held its first democratic elections that year.Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time.Finally，Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.Bhutan is a symbol for social progress.Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH.These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness.They want to create new policies that take care of their people，cultures，and land.Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH.Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration.Brazil is a large country with a perse population.If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil，perhaps the rest of the world will follow.41.Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?

A.A president.B.A Buddhist priest.C.A general.D.A king.42.Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?

A.To make its population grow.B.To keep it separate from the world.C.To encourage its people to get rich.D.To keep its tradition and customs.43.A country shows its progress with GNP by

A.selling more products.B.spending more money.C.spending less money.D.providing more jobs.44.According to GNH, people are happier if they

A.have new technology.B.can change their religion.C.have a good, stable government.D.have more money.45.Today, many countries are

A.using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.B.working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.C.taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress.D.trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.答案：

41.Who was Wangchuck?

答案为D.king

相关句(第一段)：…anew ruler called king Wangchuck…

42.Apart from modernization modernizing Bhuta, whatelse did Wangchuck want to do for Bhuta?

答案为D.keep its traditions and customs.相关句：Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.43.A country shows its progress with GNP by ___.答案为A.selling more products

相关句：The GNP measures products and money.When the number of products sold increases people say the country is making progress.44.According to GNH, people are happier if they ___.答案为C.have a good stable government

45.Today many countries are ___.答案为D.trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.相关句：Many countries are interested in Bhutan’s GNH.These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness.第5部分：补全短文(第46~50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

Voice Your Opinion——Change is Needed in Youth Sports

Everywhere you look，you see kids bouncing a basketball or waving a tennis racquet(网球拍)。And these kids are getting younger and younger.In some countries，children can compete on basketball，baseball，and volleyball teams starting at age nine.(46)And swimming and gymnastics classes begin at age four，to prepare children for competition.It’s true that a few of these kids will develop into highly skilled athletes and may even become members of the national Olympic teams.(47)This emphasis on competition in sports is having serious negative effects.Children who get involved in competitive sports at a young age often grow tired of their sport.Many parents pressure their kids to choose one sport and devote all their time to it.(48)But 66 percent of the young athletes wanted to play more than one sport-for fun.Another problem is the pressure imposed by over-competitive parents and coaches.Children are not naturally competitive.In fact，a recent study by Paulo David found that most children don’t even understand the idea of competition until they are seven years old.(49)

The third，and biggest，problem for young athletes is the lack of time to do their homework，have fun，be with friends—in short，time to be kids.When they are forced to spend every afternoon at sports practice，they often start to hate their chosen sport.A searchers found that 70 percent of kids who take part in competitive sports before the of twelve quit before they turn eighteen.(50)Excessive competitive away all the enjoyment.Need to remember the purpose of youth sports – to give kids a chance to have developing strong，healthy bodies.46题 答案：B

47题 答案：E

48题 答案：A

49题 答案：F

50题 答案：C

A.Survey found that 79 percent of parents of young athletes wanted their children to concentrate on one sports.B.The young soccer organization has teams for children as young as five.C.Many of them completely lose interest in sports.D.Sports for children have two important purposes.E.But what about the others, the average kids?

F.Very young kids don't know why their parents are pushing them so hard?

第6部分：完形填空(第52~65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Do you ever wish you were more optimistic, someone who always(51)_______ to be successful? Having someone around who always(52)_______ the worst isn’t really a lot of(53)_______.We all know someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says，“It looks(54)_______ rain.” But if you catch yourself thinking such things，it's important to do something(55)_______ it.You can change your view of life，(56)_______to psychologists.It only takes a little effort，and you'll find life more rewarding as a(57)_______.Optimism，they say，is partly about self-respect and confidence but it's also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to(58)_______.Optimists are more(59)_______ to start new projects and are generally more prepared

to take risks.Upbringing is obviously very important in forming your(60)_______to the world.Some people are brought up to(61)_______too much on others and grow up forever blaming other people when anything(62)_______wrong.Most optimists，on the(63)_______ hand, have been brought up not to(64)_______failure as the end of the world—they just(65)_______ with their lives.51.A)counted B)expected C)felt D)waited

答案：B

52.A)worries B)cares C)fears D)doubts

答案：C

53.A)amusement B)play C)enjoyment D)fun

答案：D

54.A)so B)to C)for D)like

答案：D

55.A)with B)against C)about D)over

答案：C

56.A)judging B)according C)concerning D)following

答案：B

57.A)result B)reason C)purpose D)product

答案：A

58.A)supply B)suggest C)offer D)propose

答案：C

59.A)possible B)likely C)hopeful D)welcome

答案：B

60.A)opinion B)attitude C)view D)position

答案：B

61.A)trust B)believe C)depend D)hope

答案：C

62.A)goes B)falls C)comes D)turns

答案：A

63.A)opposite B)next C)other D)far

答案：C

64.A)regard B)respect C)suppose D)think

答案：A

65.A)get up B)get on C)get out D)get over

答案：B

第二篇：2006年职称英语考试综合类A级答案

大家论坛club.topsage.com

2006年职称英语考试综合类A级答案

答案：C 2 D 3 B 4 A 5 CD 7 A 8 D 9 B 10 DA 12 C 13 D 14 D 15 AB 17 C 18 A 19 A 20 BA 22 C 23 B 24 E 25 CD 27 C 28 E 29 D 30 B

C 32 C 33 D 34 A 35 B

C 37 D 38 A 39 D 40 B

B 42 D 43 C 44 D 45 A

D 47 F 48 E 49 C 50 A

C 52 B 53 D 54 D 55 A

D 57 B 58 C 59 A 60 D

C 62 D 63 A 64 C 65 B

其中：

1－30每题1分；

31－45每题3分；

46－50每题2分；

51－65每题1分。

试卷总分：100分。

第三篇：2011年职称英语考试综合类B级真题答案解析

2011年全国职称英语考试真题答案综合类（B级）

第1部分：词汇选项 A confess 这个动词是“坦白、交代、承认”的意思，admit也是“承认”的意思，两个词后面都可以跟用 that 引导的宾语从句，在这个句子里可以换用。D extract 作动词用是“获得、获取”的意思，在四个选项中只有 obtain 具有这样的意义，又如: extract help, extract satisfaction, extract information 等。

B accelerate 这个动词原意是“加速”，如:The trains have been accelerated.火车提速了;The steps 10 implement the plan are being accelerated.执行该计划的步伐正在加速。在本句中 accelerate his sale of shares(加速出售他的股票)，无疑就是增加出售他的股票的意思，故选 increased。D motive 是“动机”的意思，the motive for(doing)something 即为“做某事的动机”，reason 是“理由”，the motive for the murder 和 the reason for the murder 是同一意思。C impact 和 influence 是同义词，意为“影响”，又如:the impact of modem technology on interpersonal relationships 现代技术对人际关系带来的影响。

D shine 这个动词通常用于表示“发亮、发光” 的意思，如: The sun is shining.但是如果和皮鞋一起用，那就是“擦皮鞋、把皮鞋擦亮”的意思了。本句的意思是:他的皮鞋擦得一尘不染。polish 具有“把......擦亮、磨光”的意思，clear 和 shoes 一起用的话便是 “把鞋子移开”的意思了，wash 则是用水洗，mend 是修补的意思。C explore 是“探索、探险、摸索” 的意思，investigate 除了常用的“调查”这层意思外，也具有“探索”这样的意义，本句的意思是:在会议上我们探索了扩充的可能性。

A steady 是“稳定的”意思，a steady decline 则是 “稳步下降”，在这个上下文中可以用 continuous 来代替它，即“不断下降”。sharp decline 则是“急剧下降”。

A remark 这个动词就是 “说”的意思，所以这里就用 saying 来代替它。B framework 就是我们现在常常说的“框架”，within the existing legal framework 指在现有的法律框架内。所谓法律框架实际上就是指法律体系，所以选 system。limit 是限制，procedure 是程序，status 是地位。D find fault with something/someone 是个固定的表达式，意为“找茬、吹毛求疵”，所以和 criticize(批评)基本同义。A spectacular 这个形容词常用来描述场面、景观等，意思是“壮观的、壮丽的、华丽的” 等，在四个选项中只有 magnificent 具有这样的意思。B grasp 这个动词是“抓住”的意思，可用于具体的事物，如:grasp the rope/ my hand 抓住绳索/抓住我的手，也可以用于抽象的概念，如: grasp the main idea/his meaning 抓

住要点/理解他的意思。在本句中 grasp the significance of what had happened 就相当于understand the significance of what had happened。C convert 的意思是“改变、转化”。turn 则是具有同样意义的一个更为常用的单词，两者后面都跟 into 来表示“变为……”。又如: Solar energy has been successfully converted/turned into mechanical energy.太阳能被成功地转化成机械能。The priest converted/turned him from a Buddhist into a Christian.那神父把他从 一个佛教徒变成了个基督徒。reduce 减少，reform 改造。D tolerate 是 “忍受”的意思，如: tolerate the heat 忍受酷热.tolerate the loneliness 忍受孤独，tolerate the humiliation 忍受屈辱。和它同义的词常用的有bear，endure 和 stand。

第2部分：阅读理解 B 从文章的第一句 For six hours we shot through the barren landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa.便可以知道这句话是错的，shot 是动词 shoot 的过去时形式，shoot through 用以表示开车，那显然车是开得很快的；而且，他们开过的沙漠是一片荒漠(barren landscape)，并非是一个busy desert。A 第一段里就说她已经写了整整三个笔记本，并且开始写第四本了。C 文中讲到 Daniel 用相机记录他在非洲的所见所闻，但并没有提到他拍摄过尼罗河(the Nile River)。A 从文章的第二、第三段可以看到他们两人在非洲看到了许多。B 实际上 Sophia 在开车，Daniel 则在睡觉，所以并非两人都看到了野马。B 文中说到And as I drove，something caught my eye.something moving close enough to touch them，to smell their hot breath.很显然，野马一度离他们的车很近，只是后来才渐渐远离了。B Daniel 是在 Sophia 看到野马一小时后自己醒来的—— When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened.并不是让Sophia 唤醒的。

第3 部分：概括大意与完成子 E 第一段的第一句话就讲世上几乎没有什么事我们是单枪匹马去完成的。接着作者举了好几个人们在群体中生活和工作的例子。所以 People are in groups.正是本段的中心。F 本段的第一句 In almost every situation where you're in a group，you will need a skilled leader.就是它的主题句。本段要讲的就是任何一个群体都需要有一个领导者。A 本段虽然以 Some people are natural leaders.(有些人生来就是当头的。)开始，但作者并不真正认同这一观点，这从 Although a 1ot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders，most people now recognise that leadership can also be taught.这句话可以看到。所以 Training can make good 1eaders.概括了本段的大意。D 本段的第一句是它的主题句: Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader.a range of qualities 就是a variety of qualities，即各种素质。C 答案可见第一段的最后一句:...being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success.E Groups often break down because of lack of good leaders.这句话是第二段中下面这句话的另一种说法: Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost always break down.A 请见第二段里的这句话: Good leaders don't make people do things in a bossy，controlling way.B 请见第四段里这句话: Self-confidence is vital for you to overcome your own fears about being a leader.be vital for someone to do something 即对某人做某事是十分关键的，和 be the key to doing something 是同一个意思。

第4 部分：阅读理解

C 本题的答题依据是文章开头的这句话: Everyone has imagination，but most of us，once we become adults，forget how to access it.人人都有想象力，只是成年后，我们就忘了如何取得想象力(access it)。文章的目的就是教给成年人几种获得想象力的技巧，所以说成年人还是可以学会怎么样更加富有创意的。

B 从第二段的这两句话：First，think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do.Then find an image，word，idea or object，for example，a candle.可以找到答案。蜡烛只是一个例子。

A 第三段的第一句话: Imagine that normal limitations don’t exist.You have as much time/ space/money, etc.as you want.是本题的答题依据。

B put yourself in their shoes 是英语的一个成语，相当于汉语的“设身处地”.35 C 第三种技巧就是:Look at the situation from a different point of view.作者以谈判者和小说家为例，说明推销员如要应用这一技巧就应该把自己置于顾客的位置上，问一问他们的需要是什么。

A 文章的第一段把这一点讲得十分明确:...the so-called Generation M are spending a considerable amount of their time in fruitless efforts as they multitask.It argues that，in fact，these young people are frittering away as much as half of their time as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after the other.37 A 第二段的最后一句话: As some new device comes along, it is also added to the list rather than replacing one of the existing devices.回答了这个问题。只要有新的玩意儿出现，它就会被增加到现有的玩意儿上去，而不是替代原有的东西。注意四个选项里的they 指的是 e-devices 而不是属于Generation M 这一代的年轻人。

D 根据文章的内容应选 D。distant to their family 意为 ”和自己的家人疏远“。具体可见第三段。

D 答题的依据是第五段里的这句话: They feel that many undergraduates now urgently need remedia1 help with study skills.可见在大学教师看来许多本科生急需补上学习技能这一课。

A 这道题的答题依据是文章的最后一段，作者认为尽管上面所说的都没错，但是(注意 while 这个连接词的转折意义)我们要记住现今对年轻人的期望越来越高。不管老一辈怎么说他们(注意 despite这个介词表示的让步意义)，对他们(年轻人)还是应该给予表扬而不是批评(Praise rather than criticism is due)。To be due 应该得到。

D 第一段里讲到了人们拥有手机的几种理由，其中不包括手机便宜(cheap)这一条。

C detect 意为”觉察、发现“，故可用 discover 来代替。

A 第三段里把这名推销员年纪轻轻就要退休的原因讲得十分明白:...a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.He couldn't remember even simple tasks.44 A 请见第四段里的这句话:Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation，but they say the amount is too small to worry about.它们并不否认手机有辐射，只是辐射量很小无需担心。

B 作者建议大家少用手机，这一点在最后一段里可以清楚地看到。

第5 部分：补全短文

A 第一段是文章的引言，说的是当今有了电视和杂志这样的媒体，名人到处可见，但是情况并非一向如此，80 年前收音机和电影才刚开始对美国人产生这样的效应，也就是才能向美国的公众介绍宣传Lindberg，使他成为名人。

D 这个空的前一句说的是 Lindberg 在大学读工程学位，但是飞行吸引了他的想象;其后的一句则讲他自己买了飞机在各地表演空中特技，所以在中间自然应该填入他辍学并移居到 Nebraska 去学习飞行这句话。

F 前一句说到Lindberg 参军，在飞行员班里第一个毕业，这样正好接上 Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot，flying out of St.Louis，Missouri.这句话。

B 前面一句讲了Lindberg 觉得要完成这次飞行自己的技术没有问题，但并非任何一架飞机都能飞这么远。所以下面就接上他找到了 San Diego 的一家飞行器公司定做了一架飞机。

C 六个选项中只有这个选项是和他回到美国后得到的荣誉有关的。

第6 部分：完形填空

C the diagnosis of his illness Parkinson's disease 他的不适被诊断为帕金森氏病

B criticism of something/someone 对某事/某人的批评，这里 of 的宾语表示的是 criticism这个动作的对象;其他三个介词都不能用。

A opposition to 反对……

A take up 是个短语，意为”从事……”，take up the sport 从事该项运动，take up filmmaking 从影，take up charity 从事慈善事业。

C 尽管 A1i不主张开展女子拳击，但他出席女儿的职业赛似乎传递了一个父亲的支持，他自然是想看女儿比赛的，故 watch his daughter fight。

D 这里有一个比较结构 as much …as…，被比较的是女儿的首次比赛和父亲以前的比赛吸引公众的程度，两个比较的对象理应是同一事物，所以选 fight。

D 从观众的角度来看总是希望比赛紧张一点、精彩一点，双方势均力敌才有看点，所以 Laila 的对于明显比她弱，对观众来说就是一件不幸的事了。

C to know what one is doing 是一种常见的、相对固定的表达方式，意思是:知道该怎么做、做得不错。

B compare...to...这里是 “和......作比较”的意思，也可以说 “compare...with..., compare...to...的另一种意思是”把……比作为……"。

C make her own name 自己成名(不靠她父亲)

B 这里说的是Laila 已经明白的事，所以用 realize。suggest 和 propose都是建议，hope则是希望。

B 这里的 if 相当于whether;to see if(whether)she still wants to go forward with it 看她是否还想继续下去。

D struggle with the symptoms of Parkinson's disease和帕金森氏病的症候斗争。

B 对Laila 在那样一个时刻所作出的那样一个决定人们的反应有赞扬，也有批评。

C arrival on the boxing scene of a woman 一名女性出现在拳击场上，注意这里的词序，实际上是 the arrival of a woman on the boxing scene。

第四篇：2010+2011年职称英语考试理工类B级真题及答案

2010年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试试卷

理工类B级

第1部分：词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1．Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment．

A．anger

B．doubt

C．love D．surprise

2．The document was compiled by the Department of Health．

A．written

B．printed

C．attached D．sent

3．He's spent years cultivating a knowledge of art．

A．sharing

B．using

C．denying D．developing

4．We've seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues．

A．clear

B．regular

C．quick

D．great

5.Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners．

A．polite

B．similar

C．usual

D．bad

6.I want to provide my boys with a decent education．

A．good

B．special

C．private

D．general

7．In the process，the light energy converts to heat energy．

A．changes

B．reduces

C．leaves

D．drops

8．Many cities have restricted smoking in public places．

A．limited

B．allowed

C．stopped

D．kept

9． What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?

A．retirement

B．advertisement

C．advancement

D．replacement

10．If we leave now，we should miss the traffic．

A．direct

B．stop

C．mix

D．avoid

11．There was a profound silence after his remark．

A．proud

B．short

C．sudden

D．deep

12．I enjoyed the play it had a clever plot and funny dialogues．

A．long

B．boring

C．original

D．humorous

13．The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village．

A．caught

B．killed

C．found

D．jailed

14．Such a database would be extremely costly to set up．

A．transfer

B．destroy

C．establish

D．update

15．The two banks have announced plans to merge next year．

A．combine

B．sell

C．close

D．break

第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

A Great Quake Coming?

Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the bay area and they can be devastating．In 1906，for example，a major quake destroyed about 28，000 buildings and killed hundreds，perhaps thousands of people．Residents now wonder when the next“Big One”will strike．It's bound to happen someday．At least seven active fault(断层)lines run through the San Francisco area．Faults are places where pieces of Earth's crust(地壳)slide past each other．When these pieces slip，the ground shakes．

To prepare for that day, scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens．

One new finding about the 1906 earthquake is that the San Andreas fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time．During small earthquakes，faults rupture(断裂)at about 2.7 kilometers per second．During bigger quakes，however，ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per second．

At such high speeds．massive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself．Lucky for San Francisco，these pressure pulses(脉冲)travel away from the city during the 1906 event．As bad as the damage was，it could have been far worse．

Looking ahead，scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur．Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906．Since then，the earthquake has been relatively quiet．Patterns in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent．

New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes．Still，more than 84 per-cent of the city's buildings are old and weak．Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage．

People who live there tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a while．According to the new reseaych，however，it's not a matter of“if the Big One will hit”．It's just a matter of when．

16．The San Francisco area is located above several active fault lines．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

17．The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American history．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

18．The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3.5 kilometers per second.A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

19．Earthquakes rarely happened before 1906．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

20．San Francisco is fully prepared for another big earthquake．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

21．Scientist will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

22．A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable．

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Natural Gas

Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth's surface．It is a fossil fuel，meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years ago.The main component of natural gas is methane(甲烷).The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as Dipeline infrastructure(基础设施)has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential，commercial and industrial customers worldwide．Today，natural gas service is available in all 50 states，and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and indus-tries．More than 65 million American homes use natural gas．In fact，natural gas is the most eco-nomical source for home energy needs，costing one-third as much as electricity.In addition to heat-ing homes，much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products，from paint，to fibers for clothing，to plastics for healthcare，computing and fur-nishings． Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants.Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available． It emits less pollution than other fossil fuels．dioxide(二氧化碳)and water vapor-the same substances emitted when humans ex-hale．Compared with some other fossil fuels，natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide in-to the air when combusted(燃烧)-making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of all．The industry also is subject to substantial federal regulation in the areas of production and distribution，which help ensure it is provided to consumers safely and cleanly．

The United States consumes about one-third of the world's natural gas output，making it the lar-gest gas consuming region in the world．The U．S．Department of Energy's Energy Information Ad-ministration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025.There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earth's surface．The largest reserves of natu-ral gas can be found in Russia，West and North Africa and the Middle East．LNG(液化天然气)has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades.To-day，the leading importers of LNG are Japan，Korea，France and Spain.23．Paragraph 2_______________

24．Paragraph 3_______________

25．Paragraph 4_______________

26．Paragraph 5_______________

A．Popularity and use of natural gas

B．Natural gas reserves and supply

C．Natural gas prices

D．Clean fuel of choice

E．Disadvantages of natural gas

F．Natural gas consumption

27．Natural gas is stored deep________.28．Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source ________.29．When manufacturing many products，people commonly use natural gas ________.30．It is estimated that by 2050 that natural gas demand in the United States will increase________.A．over the past 50 years

B．beneath the earth surface

C．by more than 50 percent

D．for more than four decades

E．as a raw material

F．for home energy needs

第4部分：阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

Walking to Exercise the Brain

Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades?Think again．Getting some exercise may help，too．

New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didn't exercise．

Previous research had shown that mice learn，remember，and pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheel．Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don't．Their brain cells also make more connections．

Neuroscientists from the University at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true for people．First，they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults，ages 58 to 77，after each per-son walked 1 mile．Then，participants looked at arrows on a computer sczeen and had to use com-puter keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing．

Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task，and their answers were just as ac-curate as their less-fit peers,the researchers found．The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible for paying attention and making decisions．

In a second study，15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training course were fas-ter at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises for the same amount of time．

So，even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days forjust 10 to 45 minutes can help．That should be good news for your grandparents．

The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven't been studied yet．Still，it can't hurt to take occasional study breaks and go for a walk or run around with your friends．You might even do better in school．

Whatever you do，though，don't try to read and walk at the same time．You could end up hurting yourseff!

31．Walking regularly helps elderly people_______．

A．lose weight

B．become happier

C．concentrate better

D．look younger

32．After taking exercise for a few weeks，the mice were found to have_____．

A．higher blood pressure

B．faster heartbeat

C．more blood flow to the brain

D．better appearance

33．The first study on 41 elderly people found______．

A．the less-fit participants did arrow tasks faster

B．the fitter participants did arrow tasks faster

C．the less-fit participants gave more accurate answers

D．the fitter participants gave more accurate answers

34．It can be good for health when one takes a walk every 2 or 3 days for at least______．

A．3 minutes

B．45 minutes

C．30 minutes

D．10 minutes

35．It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should______．

A．run around once a week

B．not read and walk at the same time

C．go for a walk every day

D．not hurt their friends while exercising

第二篇

Night of the Living Ants

When an ant dies，other ants move the dead insect out of the nest．This behavior is interesting to scientists，who wonder how ants know for sure and so soon that another ant is dead．

Dong-Hwan Choe，a scientist at the University of California found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants．“I'm dead．take me away．”

But there's a twist to Choe's discovery．These ants ave a little bit like zombies(僵尸)．Choe says that the living ants，not just the dead ones，have this death chemicals．In other words．While an ant crawls around，perhaps in a picnic or home，it's telling other ants that it's dead．

What keeps ants from hauling away the liring dead?Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies，and these tell nearby ants something like，“Wait-I'm not dead yet，”So Choe's research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants：one says，“I'm dead．”the other set says，“I'm not dead yet．”

Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead． If an ant is knocked unconscious，other ants leave it alone until it wakes up．That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive．

Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies，the chemical that says“Wait-I'm not dead yet” quickly goes away.Once that chemical is gone，only the one that says“I'm dead”is left．“It's because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard(墓地)，not because its body releases new unique chemicals after death，”said Choe． When other ants detect the“dead”chemical without the“not dead yet”chemical，they haul away the body． This was choe's hypothesis(假设)．

To test his hypothesis，Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae(蛹).When the scientists used the“I'm dead”chemical，other ants quickly hauled tbe treated pupae away.When the scientists used the“Wait-I'm not dead yet”chemicals，other ants left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes this behavior shows that the“not dead yet”chemicals override(优先于)the“dead”chemical when picked up by adult ants． And that when an ant dies，the“not dead yet”chemicals fade away．Other nearby ants then detect the remaining“dead”chemical and remove the body from the nest．

36．What is meant by“death chemical”mentioned in paragraph 3?

A．A chemical that contains poison．

B．A chemical that causes death．

C．A chemical that announces death．

D．A chemical that prevents death．

37．Which of the following statements is NOT true of ants?

A．Ants know very soon that another ant is dead．

B．When an ant is dead，others move its body out of the nest．

C．If an ant is unconscious，it is moved out of the nest．

D．Living ants have the“I'm dead”chemical on their bodies．

38．According to Choe's hypothesis，___________.A．an ant still smells like a living when it dies

B．the“I am dead”chemical leaves the ant's body when it dies

C．the“I am not dead yet”chemical is left when an ant dies

D．the“I am not dead yet”chemical leaves the ant's body when it dies

39．According to paragraph 7，what is the result of the test on Choe's hyothesis?

A．It shows that his hypothesis is wrong．

B．It proves that his hypothesis is convincing．

C．It suggests that his hypothesis needs revising．

D．Not enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis．

40．The passage“Night of the Living Ants”tells us about________.A．how an ant is moved out of the nest at nigh

B．what an ant does at night

C．how an ant finds its way in darkness

D．what happens when an ant dies

第三篇

The Iceman

On a September day in 1991，two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austria and Italy．High up on a mountain pass，they found the body of a man lying on the ice.At that height(10,499 feet or 3，200 meters)，the ice is usually permanent，but 1991 had been an especially warm year．The mountain ice had melted more than just usual and so the body had come to the surface．

It was lying face downward．The skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition，except for a wound in the head．There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes．The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots．Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮)and a holder for arrows．

Who was the man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions．Some people thought that it was from this century，perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I．since several soldiers had already been found in the area． A Swiss woman who believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found．The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older，maybe even a thousand years old．

With modern dating techniques，the scientists soon learned that the iceman was about 5，300 years old．Born in about 3300 B．C．，he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe．At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains.More recent evidence．however，tells a different story．A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder．It left only a tiny hole in his skin，but it caused internal damage and bleeding．He almost certainlv died from this wound，and not from the wound on the back of his head．This means that he was probably in some kind of battle．It may have been part of a large war，or he may have been fighting bandits．He may even have been a bandit himself．

By studying his clothes and tools，scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in．we may never know the full story of how he died，but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times．

41．The body of the iceman was found in the mountains mainly because__________．

A．two Germans were climbing mountains

B．he was just on a mountain pass

C．the melted ice made him visible

D．he was lying on the ice

42．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?

A．The iceman could have died from the wound in the head．

B．The iceman was struck dead from behind．

C．The iceman was killed while working．

D．The iceman lived a poor life．

43．All the following are assumptions once made about iceman EXCEPT____________．

A．he was a soldier in Worid War I

B．he came from Italy

C．he was a Swiss woman'S long-lost father

D．He was born about a thousand years ago

44．The scientists made the deduction that the iceman_________．

A．was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead

B．has a tiny hole in his skin causing his death

C．was probably in some kind of a battle

D．had got a wound on the back of his head

45．The word“bandits”in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by_________．

A．robbers

B．shooters

C．soldiers

D．hunters

第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Semco

At 21，Ricardo Semler became boss of his father'S business in Brazil，Semco，which sold parts for ships．Semler Junior worked like a madman，from 7：30 am，until midnight every day．One afternoon，while touring a factory in New York，he collapsed．The doctor who treated him said，“There's nothing wrong with you．But if you continue like this．you'll find a new home in our hospital．”Semler got the message．He changed the way he worked．In fact，he changed the ways his employees worked too．

He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong．He allowed them to set their own salaries，and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary，like receptionists and secretaries．__________(46)．“Everyone at Semco，even top managers，meets guests in reception，does the photocopying，sends faxes，types letters and dials the phone．”

He completely reorganized the office：instead of walls，they have plants at Semco，SO bosses can't shut themselves away from everyone else．__________(47)．As for uniforms，some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts．

Semler says，“We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour．He doesn't even pretend to be busy．But when a Semco pump on the other side of the world fails，millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea．Rubin springs into action．_________(48)．That'S when he earns his salary．No one cares if he doesn't look busy the rest of the time．”

Semco has flexible working hours：the employees decide when they need to arrive at work．The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year．________(49)．

It sounds perfect，but does it work? The answer is in the numbers：in the last six years，Semco'S revenues have gone from$35 million to$212 million．The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3，000．Why?

Semler says it's because of“peer pressure”．Peer pressure makes employees work hard for everyone else．_________(50)．In other words，Ricardo Semler treats his workers like aduhs and expects them to act like adults．And they do．

A．This saved money and brought more equality to the company．

B