第一篇：四六级专项训练材料-段落翻译

1．2500年来，儒家思想（Confucianism）对中国的发展起着很大的作用。孔子（Confucius）是一位哲学家、政治家和教育家，他非常重视家庭、教育与社会和谐。孔子的弟子们（disciples）继承了他的思想并使之代代流传。孔子是儒学的创始人。儒家思想所倡导的治国方案、道德理想和文化观至今深深影响着中华民族。(128 words)For over 2500 years, Confucianism has a significant impact on the development of China.Being a philosopher, statesman and educator，Confucius attached great importance to family, education and harmony of society.Confucius’s disciples inherited his thinking and passed it on by generations.He was the founder of Confucianism.His basic code of Confucian ethics has served as the ruling policy, the moral ideal, and the cultural guideline，which has greatly influenced China in a variety of ways.2．中国书法所使用的笔、墨、纸、砚通常被称为“文房四宝”，是文人书房中必备的四件宝贝。中国古代文人基本上都能书、会画，因此他们离不开笔、墨、纸、砚这四宝。随着社会的发展，文人们现在很少使用墨水和砚台了。但是笔、墨、纸、砚的变迁可以被看作是中国文化发展的一个缩影（epitome），其中蕴含着独特的民族性格和审美价值。（150 words）The stationery of Chinese calligraphy basically consists of the writing brush, the ink stick, the paper and the ink slab, which are usually called “the Four Treasures in the Study”.These four items are the essential instruments in the study of a typical Chinese scholar in ancient times, who is supposed to be adept at both calligraphy and painting.With the social development, ink stick and ink slab are seldom in use.However, the Four Treasures can be regarded as an epitome of the progress of the Chinese culture which embodies the Chinese aesthetics and unique national characters.3．新修订的老年人权益保障法强制要求子女经常看望老人，子女不仅要赡养老人，还要关心他们的精神需求。这对中国的一批创业者来说是个好消息，他们可以专门提供代看望老人的服务。淘宝网上至少有17个卖家在北京、上海、湖南和浙江推出代老人跑腿和排队的服务。他们的店铺提供聊天、庆祝生日、甚至表演等服务。（142 words）China's newly revised elder-care law regulates children’s frequent visit to their parents.The new law requires adults to offer their parents mental and financial support.It comes as good news for a handful of entrepreneurs who specialize in outsourcing visits to the elderly.And it has spurred at least 17 online vendors on T-mall to offer services such as running errands and standing in line for the senior in Beijing, Shanghai, Hunan, and Zhejiang.They offer such services as chatting, celebrating birthdays and even performances.4．推动中国在10多年前成为“世界工厂”的是农民工。他们为世界各地生产消费品，而他们的工资比18世纪英国工业革命开始时英国工人的工资还要低。如今，人数约达2.2亿的农民工正在成为一个有实力的消费者群体。这一根本转变势必推动中国的下一场重大经济演变。(118 words)

China’s transformation into the “workshop of the world” just over a decade ago was powered by rural migrant workers.They manufactured products for shopping malls worldwide but earned less than their counterparts at the start of the UK’s industrial revolution in the 18th century.Nowadays, an estimated 220 million of migrant workers are becoming potent consumers.This reversal set is to drive the next significant economic evolution in China.5．英语被认为是国际通用语言，在生活和工作中扮演着重要角色。中国学生学习英语的意愿一直很强。然而，如何学好英语一直以来都是中国学生的困扰。大部分学生都认为为了应试而学习英语的过程非常痛苦。很多学生考试能力强，却无法和外国人用英文交流。所以，寻找一个有效的英语学习方法就变成了十分必要又迫在眉睫的事情了。（149 words）English is considered as an international language and plays an important role in our work and life.Many Chinese students have strong motivation to learn English.However, how to master English remains a puzzling problem for Chinese learners.The majority of learners regard studying English for examinations very painful.Quite a few students perform well in exams, but can’t communicate with foreigners fluently.Hence, seeking the effective ways of learning English is extremely urgent and necessary.6．一直以来，通识教育成为国际高等教育关注的焦点。发达国家在这一领域已经积累了很多经验，近几年来，一些中国大学积极进行通识教育的实践。尽管人们普遍认同大学本科需要实施通识教育，但人们对通识教育及相关知识的理解不尽相同，且不十分清晰。通识教育的基本功能是帮助学生获得为人处事的正确态度与能力。（143 words）

General education has been the focus of attention in the international higher education for a long time.Advanced countries have accumulated a lot of experiences in this field, and some universities in China have actively undertaken experiments in recent years.Although it is commonly agreed that universities need to implement general education in the undergraduate study, people’s understanding of general education and related concepts are not only different but also unclear.The essential function of general education is to help students to cultivate the right attitude and ability to be a person and to do things.7．房屋装饰是春节庆祝活动中最重要的习俗之一。人们在门上贴春联(couplets)，抒发良好的祝愿。春联通常是成对张贴，因为双数在中国文化中是好运气和吉祥(auspiciousness)的象征。在中国北方，人们习惯于在窗户上贴剪纸。并在大门上贴上大大的红色汉字“福”字，一个红色“福”字意味着好运和财富。（124 words）

House decoration is one of the most important customs in the Spring Festival celebration.People post couplets on doors to express good wishes.New Year couplets are usually posted in pairs as even numbers are associated with good luck and auspiciousness in Chinese culture.People in north China are used to posting paper-cut on their windows.They paste on the door large red Chinese character “fu”, which means good luck and fortune.8．春节庆祝活动（Chinese New Year Celebration）是一年中最重要的庆祝活动。中国人庆祝春节的方式可能略微不同但其愿望几乎是相同的：他们希望其家人和朋友来年健康和幸运。春节庆祝活动包括吃年夜饭、放鞭炮、给孩子压岁钱、听春节钟声和致春节问候，通常持续到正月十五元宵节。（119 words）

Chinese New Year Celebration is the most important celebration of the year.Chinese people may celebrate the Chinese New Year in slightly different ways but their wishes are almost the same：they wish their family members and friends to be healthy and lucky during next year.Celebratory activities include Chinese New Feast, firecrackers, giving lucky money to children, the New Year bell ringing and Chinese New Year Greetings.The celebration usually lasts for 15 days until the Lantern festival.9．几世纪以来，到过中国的游客一直描述着中国迷人的山水风景及令人惊叹的珍禽异兽。中国文明是世界上最古老的文明之一。中国是50多个民族生活的家园，其人口庞大，总数超过十亿。各具特色的传统生活方式与周围的自然生态息息相关。因此，我们要爱护自然，与环境和谐共处，实现可持续发展。(132 words)

For centuries, travelers to China have told tales of magical landscapes and stunning creatures.Chinese civilization is one of the world’s oldest.It is home for more than 50 distinct ethnic groups, with the largest population, over a billion.A wide range of traditional lifestyles are often in close partnership with nature.Consequently, we have to protect nature, living in harmony with it and achieving the sustainable development.10．中国常常被称为世界工厂。在经历了一系列宠物食品、速冻水饺以及儿童玩具安全事故后，中国正在努力说服全球对其产品持怀疑态度的人们，并向他们展示中国已成功提高其产品的安全水平。美国及欧盟是中国最大的贸易伙伴，对于中国商品的这一担忧已对中美以及中欧贸易关系造成巨大影响。中国政府一再表示经过不懈地打击整治，产品的检验标准已经越来越严格了。中国公司渴望加强国际协作，立志为国外消费者提供优质商品。（193 words-CET 6）

China, often called the world’s factory, is struggling to convince a skeptical global audience that it has won a battle to improve safety standards after recent scandals involving everything from pet food and dumplings to children’s toys.The issue has proven a huge irritant in ties between China and the United States and European Union, the country’s largest trade partners.But Chinese government insists it is getting tough after endless promises to crack down.Chinese companies aspire to strengthen cooperation with other countries to provide quality goods for foreign consumers.11．中秋节是中国人的传统节日之一，每年农历8月15日庆祝。传说月亮在这一天最大最圆。每到这一天，亲人们都会欢聚一堂吃月饼并庆祝丰收。圆圆的月饼中通常包有香甜的馅，馅的中央还会加上一个咸鸭蛋黄来代表月亮。而月亮正是中秋节庆祝的主题。中秋夜也是浪漫约会的好时刻，新朋旧友也借此欢聚一堂。中秋节对于中华民族有着特殊意义。（152 words）

The Moon Festival or Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the traditional Chinese holidays, celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month.Chinese legends say that the moon is at its brightest and roundest on this day.Families get together to eat moon cakes and celebrate the good harvest on this day.The round cakes traditionally have a sweet filling, with salted duck yolk sometimes found in the center to represent the moon.And the moon is what this celebration is all about.This night is also made for romantic rendezvous.Friends, old or new, enjoy a happy reunion.The Moon Festival has a special meaning for our Chinese people.12．端午节与春节和中秋节并列为中国三大节日。这三个节日中，它可能是最古老的一个，可以追溯到公元前227年的战国时代（Warring States Period）。这个节日是为了纪念楚国的大夫屈原，他因为对朝廷的贪污腐败感到绝望而投河自尽。镇上的人纷纷冲上船去救他，却没有成功。后来大家把米撒到水里，希望把饥饿的鱼群从他的躯体边引开。（139 words）The Dragon Boat Festival is one of three major Chinese holidays, along with the Spring and Moon Festivals.Of the three, it is possibly the oldest, dating back to the Warring States Period in 227 B.C.The festival commemorates Qu Yuan, a minister in the service of the Chu Emperor.In despair about corruption at court, Qu threw himself into a river.Local people jumped into their boats and tried in vain to save him.Then, hoping to distract hungry fish from his body, people scattered rice on the water.

第二篇：英语四六级(段落翻译)剖析

英语四六级：段落翻译

1、狮舞（Lion Dance）是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视为是能带来好运的吉祥物（mascot）。古人将狮子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000多年的历史。在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），狮舞就已经被引入了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节（the Lantern Festival）和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。

2、中国将进一步发展经济、扩大开放，这对海外企业（enterprises）意味着更多的商机。改革开放以来，中国企业与海外企业一直积极开展经济技术合作，并取得了巨大成就。海外企业不仅帮助了中国企业的成长，而且也在合作中获得了收益。中国政府将继续提供有利的政策和条件，推动中国企业与国外企业进一步开展合作。

3、假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。

4、端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。5、2013年6月20日在中国各地，剧估计60万儿童和他们的老师观看了有宇航员（astronaut）王亚平在距离地球300公里的上空所讲授的科学课。王亚平与两个同事乘坐天宫一号实验舱(theophany-1 laboratory module)执行为期两周的任务。她在课上进行了一系列太空的物理演示。在有些演示中还对比了在地球上重力（one-gravity）环境下同样的实验。这堂物理课不仅让孩子们享受了一堂知识与乐趣兼具的物理课，也显示了我国通信科技的前进。

6、朝气蓬勃，充满活力，丰富多彩的上海是现代中国的缩影。虽然上海的文化遗迹不能与北京媲美，但是上海迷人的城市风貌，风格各异的万国建筑为这座城市注入了无限的魅力。今日之上海，已经成为享誉中外的国际大都市。漫步在这座日新月异的现代大都市里，你会发现许多精彩的历史亮点，隐现在众多摩天大楼背后的是上海发展变化的轨迹。它们记述了上海自十九世纪末开埠以来，尤其是新中国成立以后，是如何迅猛发展的。

7、近代以来，亚洲经历了曲折和艰难的发展历程。亚洲人们为改变自己的命运，始终以不屈的意志和艰辛的奋斗开辟前进道路。今天，人们所看到的亚洲发展成就，是勤劳智慧的亚洲人民不屈不挠、锲而不舍奋斗的结果。亚洲人民深知，世界上没有放之四海而皆准的发展模式，也没有一成不变的发展道路，亚洲人民勇于变革创新，不断开拓进取，探索和开辟适应时代潮流，符合自身实际的发展道路，为经济社会发展打开了广阔前景。

8、吸烟之危害，可谓大矣，其严重性是不能低估的。吸烟污染空气，损害健康，使肺癌发病率大大增加。为了使各国人民关注烟草的盛行及预防吸烟导致的疾病和死亡，世界卫生组织已将每年的5月31日定为“世界无烟日”。瘾君子们说，一天饭不吃可以，一个时辰不抽烟就难捱了，不能戒。只要真正意识到吸烟有百害而无一利，于人于己都是一种祸害，就有可能下决心摆脱烟草的诱惑。戒烟贵在坚持，坚持下去就是收获。

9、越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。

10、我赞同许多东亚学者的观点，东方文明可以医治盛行于西方世界的一些顽疾。西方世界个人自由主义泛滥导致了极端个人主义、性关系混乱以及过度暴力行为，对此我们不能视而不见。// 相反，东方社会的自我约束力，集体责任感以及温厚儒雅的传统倒可以消除西方社会的许多恶疾。// 在这个信息时代，世界已缩小成一个地球村。这个地球村里，不再有什么泾渭分明的东方世界和西方世界，我们是生活在同一个社区里的邻里。// 因此，我们彼此之间无须冲突。我们之间的关系应该是一种友好合作，平等互补的关系。我们应该相互理解，相互学习，和睦共处。

11、国际贸易的基本原则是平等互利，各国追求各自的利益是正常的，出现一些摩擦和纠纷也是不可避免的。关键要以冷静而明智的态度正确对待和处理摩擦和纠纷。// 就中美贸易而言，互利共赢的经贸关系给两国人民带来了实实在在的经济利益。今天，美国在华投资设立的企业已超过4 万家，投资额达450 亿美元。// 美国500 强企业有400 多家进入中国，大多数企业获利丰厚。与此同时，在美国市场上，许多中国商品受到美国消费者的青睐。中国在美国投资设立的企业已超过1000 家。// 我们可以预见，中美贸易摩擦将随着经贸关系的深化而凸显，但是中美经贸合作的总体发展是不可逆转的。主要有两个原因，其一：中美贸易具有很大互补性。其二：中国产品具有明显的劳动力成本优势。//

12、中国国际出版集团是中国最大的、最权威的外语出版发行单位，其前身是中央人民政府新闻出版署国际新闻局。// 我集团坚持“让中国走向世界，让世界了解中国”的出版原则，全心致力于中国外语教育与研究事业的发展，全心致力于中外文化交流事业的拓展。// 为了加强对出版人才队伍的建设，为了满足日益增长的特殊出版业务的需要，我集团每年都要选派一些青年员工到国内外知名高等学府和研究机构进修，// 根据我们的发展战略，我们会将前进的步伐迈出国界走向世界，瞄准海外读者群，这一战略已取得了良好的开局。//

13、改革开放30 年来，随着中国逐渐崛起成为政治经济强国，海外人士学习汉语的现象与日俱增，海外孔子学院也成了人们学习中国语言和中国文化的首选之地。// 通过学习汉语，他们对这个和自己文化大相径庭的古老文明产生了浓厚的兴趣，而且有机会了解中国的哲学、艺术、医学、饮食文化，亲身体验这个文明古国的风采。// 作为第二文化，中国文化也丰富了他们的生活和世界观。可以说，这个潮流方兴未艾。越来越多的学习汉语的美国人除了对中国菜肴赞不绝口之外，也在尝试针灸，草药和武术。//他们也看功夫电影，学习东方时装潮流和手工艺，不知不觉的在日常生活中谈及中国的点心，人参、银杏，乌龙茶等。目前在美国最热门的中国文化是道家学说和有着神秘色彩的风水学。

14、上海菜系是中国最年轻的地方菜系，通常被成为“本帮菜”，有着400多年的历史。同中国其他菜系一样，“本帮菜”具有“色，香，味”三大要素。//上海菜的特点是注重调料的使用，食物的质地和菜的原汁原味。其中最著名的有特色点心“南翔小笼”和特色菜“松鼠鲑鱼”。//“南翔小笼”是猪肉馅，个小味美，皮薄汁醇。“松鼠鲑鱼”色泽黄亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而内肉嫩，汤汁酸甜适口。//在品尝过“松鼠鲑鱼”之后，我们常常惊讶于“松鼠”的形状，觉得在三大评价标准上在添加“形”这个标准才更合适。//

15、美国人强调效率、竞争和独创性，而中国人则将严谨规划放在首位，鼓励团队成员之间的密切合作和无私奉献。//在美国学校，讨论享有至高无上的地位，讨论是课堂教学的主旋律；而中国教师喜欢讲课，喜欢考试，编写千篇一律的标准教案，培养整齐划一的高材生。//美国人的政治观，经济观以及社会观的核心是个人道德自治观。中国传统的思想体系是以儒家学说为基础的，这种思想强调整体和谐。//现在，中美联系比以往更加紧密，中国人学英语，玩保龄球，吃肯德基，美国人学汉语，练功夫，吃北京烤鸭，《泰坦尼克》驶进中国，《牡丹亭》也在百老汇上演。//

16、武术在我国源远流长，是中华民族传统文化的瑰宝。我们知道，一个民族的优秀文化遗产，不仅仅属于一个民族，它会逐渐传播到世界而成为人类的共同财富。// 为了更好的推广武术运动，使其与奥运项目接轨，中国武协和国际武联做了大量的艰苦卓绝的工作。现在武术运动已被列为一种具有与保龄球运动和国际标准舞同等地位的奥运表演项目。//武术的蓬勃发展，除得益于其项目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武术大师功不可没。//老一代武术家在海外播种下了武术的种子，使武术这门既可以自卫又可以健身的运动很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武术大师已遍布世界各地，武术爱好者也与日俱增。//

17、香港中文大学，简称“中大”，成立于1963年。中大是一所研究型综合大学，以“结合传统与现代，融汇中国与西方”为创校使命。//40多年来，中大一直致力于弘扬中华传统文化，坚持双语教育，并推行独特的书院制度，在香港教育界卓然而立。中大校园占地 134 公顷，是世界上最美丽的校园之一。//中大的师生来自世界各地。有教职员工 5200多人，近万名本科生、约2000多名研究生，其中约2500多人来自45个不同的国家和地区。//中大实行灵活的学分制，不仅有助于培养有专有博的人才，而且还赋予学生更大的学习自主权。中大的多元教育有助于充分发挥每一个学生的潜能。//

18、过去10年，海平面升高和森林看法的速度都是前所未有的；生态恶化、物种灭绝、臭氧层被破坏、温室效应、酸雨等一系列环境问题已经严重影响到人类的生存环境。// 环境恶化造成的问题之一就是缺水。目前全世界 40%以上的人口，即 20 多亿人，面临缺水问题。据预测，未来 25 年全球人口将有 60 亿增长到 80 亿，环境保护面临更大的压力。// 中国作为一个发展中国家，面临着发展经济和保护环境的双重任务。从国情出发，中国在全面推进现代化的过程中，将环境保护视为一项基本国策。// 众所周知，对生态环境和生物多样性的保护是环保工作的重点。我国野生动植物物种丰富，仅脊椎动物就有 6000 多种左右，高等植物 3 万多种。//

19、为了切实保护儿童权益，中国的立法、司法、政府各有关部门以及社会团体都建立了相应的机制，以监督、实施和促进保护儿童事业的健康发展。// 中国政府动员社会采取多种方式关心和帮助残疾儿童的成长，大力弘扬残疾儿童自强不息的精神，倡导团结、友爱、互助的道德风尚。// 中华民族素有“携幼”，“爱幼”的传统美德，中国古语“有无有以及人之幼”了流传至今。// 我们要在全社会倡导树立“爱护儿童、教育儿童、为儿童做表率、为儿童办实事”的公民意识，并努力为儿童事业的发展创造良好的社会条件。// 20、泰山的每个季节都有独特的魅力。春天，绿茵茵的山坡上，争奇斗妍的花朵到处可见。夏天泰山的雷暴雨堪称奇观。秋天，枫树叶漫山遍野，蔚蓝色的河水川流不息。冬天，雪盖群峰松披霜，景观素雅悲壮，别有一番情趣。喜逢艳阳日，极目远眺，重峦叠嶂，尽收眼帘。//但遇天阴时，环顾四周，苍茫大地，尽入云海。泰山的日出与日落，闻名遐尔。壮观的自然风景以及不可计数的历史名胜，激发了古代文人墨客，为之舞文弄墨，创作了无数经典 佳作。泰山历来是画家骚客所钟情的聚集地。//

21、中国是舞龙舞狮的起源地。自问世以来，舞龙、舞狮运动一直受到各个民族人民的喜爱，代代相传，长久不衰，并因此形成了灿烂的舞龙舞狮文化。长期以来，很多青年朋友都以为龙舞、狮舞就是春节、庙会、庆典时的喜庆表演，殊不知它历经了几千年的传承流变，积淀了深厚的历史文化，是祖先留给我们的极其宝贵的文化遗产。核心词提示：

舞龙：the Dragon 舞狮：Lion Dance 春节：Festivalgoer 庙会：Festivalgoer fairs

22、旗袍，是中国女性的传统服装，源于中国满族女性的传统服装。因为满族人被称为“旗人”，所以满族人的长袍被称为“旗袍”。到了20世纪20年代，受西方服饰的影响，经过改进之后的旗袍逐渐在广大妇女中流行起来。在中国，很多女性都喜欢穿旗袍。结婚的时候，新娘不仅要订做一件中式旗袍作为结婚礼服，还要穿着漂亮的旗袍照一套婚纱照，作为永久的纪念。对于中国的女明星们而言，旗袍也成为她们参加各种重要活动的首选礼服。核心词提示： 旗袍：Cheongsam 满族：Manchu 旗人：Banner

1.The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China.The lion is the king of animals.In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck.Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans.The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years.During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty.Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.2.China will develop its economy further and open itself wider to the outside world,which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises.Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have been cooperating with overseas enterprises in terms of economy and technology, and have scored great achievement.Overseas enterprises have not only helped Chinese enterprises with heir growth, but also benefited from the cooperation.Chinese government will continue to offer favorable policies and conditions to promote the further cooperation between Chinese and overseas enterprises.3.The phenomenon of holiday economy showboat Chinese people’s consumption concept is undertaking great changes.According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from Thebae necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development.Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt Socialist development.On the other hand, services should be improved to salespeople’s demand for an improved quality of life.4.The Duane Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was Loyall and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to estate but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water,hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body.For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.5.On June 20, 2013, an estimated 600 thousand school children and their teachers across China watched a science lesson taught from 300km above the Earth by astronaut Wang Aping.Wang is aboard the Algonquian-1 laboratory module with two crewmates, for a two-week mission.Her lessons were a series of physics demonstrations in the space.In some demonstrations,she compared with the same experiment under the one-gravity environment on Earth.The lesson has not only offered children a physics lesson with knowledge and interest, but also shows the advance in communication technology of China.6.Shanghai is a dynamic, perse and stimulating city-the very epitome of modern China.Though Shanghai cannot rival Beijing in cultural heritage, its varied architectural styles and cosmopolitan feel give it a charm of its own.Today's Shanghai has become a world-famous international metropolis.A walk through this booming city reveals many glimpses of its colorful past.Hidden among st the skyscrapers are remains of the original Shanghai.They keep on showing how Shanghai has been developing fast and enormously since its opening as a commercial port in the late 19th century, especially after the founding of new China.7.In modern times, Asia experienced twists and turns in its development.To change their destiny, the people of Asia have been forging ahead in an indomitable spirit and with hard struggle.Asia's development achievements today are the result of the persistent efforts of industrious and talented Asian people.The people of Asia are fully aware that there is no ready model or unchanging path of development that is universally applicable.They never shy away from reform and innovation.Instead, they are committed to exploring and finding development paths that are in line with the trend of the times and their own situations, and have opened up bright prospects for economic and social development.8.Smoking does great harm to human and its gravity should not be underestimated.Smoking pollutes air, damages health, and increases the incidence of lung cancer.To arouse the awareness about prevalency of tobacco in all the countries and to prevent smoking-induced diseases and deaths, the WHO(World Health Organization)has defined May 31stin every year as World No-Tobacco Day.The tobacco addicts say that smoking compossible to quit because they could do without meals in a day but would feel tortured without tobacco in two hours.However, when one realizes that Shamokin harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curse soothers as well as to he himself, he will be determined to resist the temptable tobacco.To quit smoking requires persistence and so long as one persists,he’ll be rewarded.9.An increasing number of English-educated parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their Kidsgrove a good command of Chinese.China’arise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their anticompetitive the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity Witherbee two different cultures between the East and the West.They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only.Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China,where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its agricultural heritage.10.I share the same view with many East Asian scholars that the Oriental civilization can heal some of the prevailing ,stubborn Western ills.We should not turn a blind eye to the fact inpidualist freedom has gone overboard in the West, resulting in extreme inpidualism, sexual promiscuity and excessive use of violence.// By contrast,self-discipline, corporate responsibility and the pacific tradition of East Acarian offset many Western vices.// At this age of information, the world has kashrus a global village in which there will be no clear-cut worlds of the East and Duewest any more, but a world of one community with neighboring families.// Therefore,we do not necessarily have to come into clash with each other.Our relationists one of friendly cooperation, equality and mutual complementarity and therefore,we should understand and learn from each other, and live in harmony.// 11.Equality and mutual benefit is Fundamentalism principle of international trade.Therefore, it is normal countrified will seek to protect their own interests, which may lead to trade constriction disputes.The key lies in how to cope with these issues correctly in a Coupland wise manner.// As for China-US trade, mutually beneficial and win-win trade economic ties have delivered tangible economic benefits to the two peoples.Now, with over 40,000 U.S.-invested enterprises, the total investment in China stands at $45 billion.// Of the top 500 U.S companies, more than 400 have antibusiness in China, and most of them are making handsome profit.At the same time, many Chinese commodities have become favored choices of American consumers.Meanwhile, the number of Chinese-invested enterprises in the United Sates has surpassed 1,000.// We predict that trade disputes between China and the United State swill become more acute along with the further development in bilateral trade and economic cooperation.The overall development in bilateral trade and economic cooperation, however, irreversible.There are two factors contribute to this trend.Firstly, the Dino-U.S.economic and trade relations enjoy complementarities in gasfields.Secondly, Chicanas an outstanding labor cost advantage.// 12.The China International Publishing Group euthenist largest and the most authoritative foreign language publishing and distribution establishment, its predecessor being the International Press Bureau of the Central People's Government Press and Publication Administration.//Adhering to the publishing philosophy of “assisting China's march to the workaround facilitating world's understanding of China”, the Group commits itself entirely to promoting foreign language education and research in China and advancing cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.// In order to build Hupa strong team of publishing staff, as well as to meet the growing need of more technicalizing business, the Group makes it a rule that young staff be selected Andes to noted universities and research institutions, both domestic and overseas,for further studies.// As is clearly spelled out in our new development strategy,we will go beyond our national boundaries and wedge ourselves into the circulation market, aiming at the international readership.Our initial effort shave been very rewarding.// 13.As China is rising as a political and economic world power, thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up, Morea more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to Confucian Institute in their own countries as their first choice learning Chinese language and Chinese culture.// During the learning process, the learners concurrently develop their interest in this ancient land, whose civilianization so vastly different from theirs.And the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy, art, architecture, medicine and catering culture and experience first-hand the splendors of this countermobilization.// As the second culture, Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners.This trend, so to speak, is gathering excrementum is there to stay.Apart from their love for Chinese cuisine, more and Americanese learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture ,herbal medicines, martial arts.// They are also interested in Kong films,fashions and crafts.Seemingly outlandish words such as dim sum, ginseng,Yingkow, oolong cha have crept into their everyday language.The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism, and ancient school bethought, and fennish, an ancient art of placement.// 14.Shanghai cuisine , usually called Bangkok cuisine, is the youngest among majorette regional cuisines in China,with a history of more than 400 years.Like all other Chinese regional cuisines,Bangkok cuisines takes “color, aroma and taste” as its essential belittlements.//Shanghai cuisine emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors.Cuisine is famous for a special snack known as Nanning Steamed Meat Dumpling a special dish called “Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish”.//Nanning Admeasurement Dumplings are small in size, with thin and translucent wrappers, Blandinsville with ground pork and rich tasty soup.Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish is yellow-colored and squirrel-shaped, with a crispy skin and tender meat, Coverdale with a sweet and sour source.//After tasting Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish, we are always amazed by the squirrel shape and think that it is appropriate to plus “appearance” as the fourth element.15.American people emphasize efficiency,competition and originality while Chinese people give priority to careful planning and encourage close cooperation and altruistic dedication among Amberlite.//In American schools, discussion is given top priority while Chinese teachers like to lecture in class,and a lot of them are obsessed epithelizations.They write consistent and standardized teaching plans, and are happy with bringing up identical and standardized talents.//Central to American political, economic and social thought is the concept of inpidual moral autonomy.Traditional Chinese philosophical systems are based on Confucianism,which sings high praises for communal harmony.//Nowadays, the relation of China and America become closer than ever.Chinese learn English, play bowling, enjoy KFC, while Americans learn Chinese, exercise Kung Cu, like Peking Duck.And Titanic sailed into China, while The Peony Pavilion beenahs performed on Broadway.16.Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can be traced back to ancient times.It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture.As Weald know, the fine culture of a nation does’ t belong to the nation alone Pandit will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity.// Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation(IWUF)have been working very hard to popularize wushu and make the Chinese martial art closer to the Olympic Movement.Wushu was accepted to join bowling and Internationalist dance as an Olympic demonstration event.// The booming of wushu attributed not only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to emigrant Chinese wushu masters over the years.// Martial artists of the older degenerationist sown wushu seeds in foreign countries.Wushu, which can be used as defenselessness and can keep practitioners fit and strong, choom became popular on Lowlands.Today Speer wushu masters are active all over the world, and amalgamate on the increase with each passing day.17.The Antiuniversity of Hong Kong, CUHK for short, was founded in 1963.It is a research-oriented comprehensive university with a mission to combine tradition modernity and bring together China and the West.//For more than40 years, we have been distinguished from other local universities by virtue Fourths rich Chinese cultural heritage, bilingual education, and our unique college.134-hectare campus is one of the most beautiful campuses in the world.//CUHK’ s faculty and students come Broomall corners of the world.It has more than 5200 staff members,approximately10,000 undergraduates, and 2000 postgraduate students.Of these students, some2,500 are from 45 countries and regions outside Hong Kong.//The flexible credit unit system allows a balance between depth with breadth, and a high degree of free choice of students in designing their own learning.The culti-coeducation at CUHK helps to bring out the best in every student.// 18.Sea level rose and forest were destroyed Satan unprecedented rate during the last decade.A series of environmental such s the deterioration of ecosystem, the extinction of bio-species,damage to the ozone layer, the green-house effect, acid rain, have posed a serious threat to human living conditions.// Environmental crisis leads to Oneonta the serious problems, namely, water shortage.Presently, more than 40% of the world’s population, more than 2 billion people, now face water shortage.I tis predicted hat with the global population expected to increase from Billingsley to eight billion over the next 25 years, more pressure on environment stress is expected.// As a developing country, china is confronted with the dual task of developing the economy and protecting the environment.Proceeding from its national conditions, china has, in the process of promote overall modernization program, made environmental protection one of dibasicity state policies.// It is known to all that protection of the ecological environment and biopersity is the focal point of environmental Protection.Chin ais rich in wildlife species.There are about 6,000 vertebrates alone and 30,000species of higher plants.// 19.To effectively protect children’s Wrightstown interests, china’s legislation, judicial and government departmentalization as well as non-governmental organizations have set up corresponding to supervise, facilitate and promote the healthy development of the work on protecting children.// The Chinese government has done a great deal automobility various circles in society to care for, in various manners , hyperdevelopment of disabled children, to greatly encourage the spirit of unceasing-improvement among physically disadvantaged children and to advocate evaluated social virtues of unity, friendship and mutual aid.// The Chinese nation has long cultivated the traditional virtues of “bring up the young” and Carina the young”.An old Chinese saying that “love our children and love others’children in the same manner” is still very popular.// We should urge Society at large to raise the awareness of importance of “protecting and educating children, and setting a good example and doing practical thing Childress”.We will spare no efforts to create favorable social conditions for the progress of child development programs.// 20.Each season here Hassidim beauty: bright flowers in full bloom covering the green slopes in spring,spectacular summer thunderstorms which are rarely seen elsewhere, blue baserunning across the mountains overlaid with red maple leaves in fall, Rowlandson-capped mountains and frosted pine trees in winter that stage a quiet solemn spectacle of particular interest.On a clear day one can see the peaks Ringold after another.// When the sky is overcast, the horizon disappears into asea of clouds.Mount Tai is most famous fo rits spectacular sunrise and sunset.Its landscape and numerous historical gravesite inspired many great classics of ancient writers, scholars and calligraphers.Mount Tai has long been featheredge gathering place of artists and poets.//

第三篇：四级段落翻译训练

Passage 3

中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节(the Dragon Boat Festival)是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国的农历新年(the Chinese lunar New Year)，除了常见的肉类、海鲜之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统食物，如饺子。

Passage 4

端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。

Passage 5

徐霞客是我国古代的地理学家、旅行家和文学家。他写了著名的《徐霞客游记》,一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论。他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多很不可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景。

Passage 6

经过半个多世纪的艰苦努力，特别是二十多年的改革开放，中国已迈入全面建设小康社会的发展新阶段。但中国仍然是一个发展中国家，人口多、底子薄是中国的基本国情。中国实现自身发展的道路依然艰苦而漫长。中华人民共和国是全国人民共同缔造的统一的多民族国家。迄今为止，中国有56个民族。与汉族相比，其他55个民族人口相对较少，因此他们在习惯上被称为“少数民族”。1990年中国进行了第四次人口普查，据统计，在全国总人口中，汉族人口约占92%，少数民族人口占8%。在长期的历史发展过程中，中华民族这个大家庭中的各族人民经过融合和迁移，形成了今天的分布格局。

第四篇：文言段落翻译训练

文言翻译训练

1．阅读下面一段文言文，对文中两个划线句子，任选一句进行翻译。(5分)韩休，京兆长安人。工文辞，举贤良。进至礼部侍郎，知制诰。出为虢州刺史。虢于东、西京为近州，乘舆所至，常税厩刍，休它郡请均赋。中书令张说曰：“免虢而它州，此守臣为私惠耳。”休复执论，吏白恐忤宰相意，休曰：“刺史幸知民之敝而不救，岂为政哉?虽得罪，所甘心焉。”讫如休请。

(1)进至礼部侍郎，知制诰。(2)刺史幸知民之敝而不救，岂为政哉? 2．将下列语段中划线的句子，翻译为现代汉语（5分）

范乔邑人腊夕盗斫其树，人有告者，①乔阳不闻，②邑人愧而归之。乔往喻曰：“卿节日取柴，③欲与父母相允娱耳，④何以愧为！”⑤其通物善导，皆此类也。

① ② ③ ④ ⑤ 3．阅读下面一段古文，翻译其中的画线文句。（5分）

臧与谷二人，相与牧羊，而俱亡其羊。问臧奚事?则持策读书；问谷奚事?则博塞(古代的赌博游戏)以游。二人者事业不同，其于亡羊均也。(《庄子·骈拇》)(1)问臧奚事?则持策读书；(2)二人者事业不同，其于亡羊均也。4.阅读下面的文言文，翻译文中三个划线的句子。（5分）

（阳货）谓孔子曰：“来！予与尔言。曰：怀其宝而迷其邦，可谓仁乎？曰：不可，好从事而亟失时，可谓知乎？曰：不可。日月逝矣，岁不我与。”孔子曰：“诺，吾将仕矣。”

（《论语·阳货》）

（1）好从事而亟失时，可谓知乎？（2分）

译文：（2）日月逝矣，岁不我与。（2分）

译文：（3）诺，吾将仕矣。（1分）

译文：

共6页，第1

页 5．把下段文言文中画线的句子译成现代汉语。（5分）

孟子谓齐宣王曰：“王之臣有托其妻子于其友而之楚游者，①比其反也，则冻馁其妻子，则如之何？”王曰：“弃之。”曰：“士师（司法官）不能治士，则如之何？”王曰：“已之。”②曰：“四境之内不治则如之何？”王顾左右而言他。

①译文：。（3分）②译文：。（2分）6.阅读下列文言文段，翻译画线部分。(5分)

才德全尽谓之圣人，才德全失谓之愚人；德胜才谓之君子，才胜德谓之小人。（1）凡取人之术，苟不得圣人，君子而与之，与其得小人，不若得愚人。何则？君子挟才以为善，小人挟才以为恶，挟才以为善者，善无不至矣；挟才以为恶者，恶亦无不至矣。愚者虽欲为不善，智不能周，力不能胜，譬如乳狗搏人，人得而制之。小人智足以遂其奸，勇足以决其暴，是虎而翼者也，其为害岂不多哉！（2）夫德者人之所严，而才者人之所爱；爱者易亲，严者易疏，是以察者多蔽于才而遗于德。

译文：（1）

（2）7．翻译下列文言文中划线的句子。（5分）

巫马子谓子墨曰：“子兼爱天下，未云利也，我不爱天下，未云贼也，功皆未至，子何独自是而非我哉？”

子墨子曰：“今有燎者于此，一人奉水将灌之，一人掺火将益之。功皆未至，子何贵于二人？”巫马子曰：“我是彼奉水者之意，而非夫掺火者之意。” 子墨子曰：“吾亦是吾意，而非子之意也。”

翻译：（1）了何贵于二人？（2）我是彼奉水者之意，而非夫掺火者之意。

8．把下面文言文中划线的句子翻译成现代汉语(5分)崔枢应进士，客居汴半岁，与海贾同止。其人得疾，既笃，谓崔曰：“荷君见顾，不以外夷见忽。今疾势不起，番人重土殡，脱殁，君能终始之否?”

译文：(1)(3分)译文：(2)(2分)9．将下面文言文中划线的部分译成现代汉语（5分）

起拜左司郎中，转司刑少卿。与皇甫文备同按狱，诬有功纵逆党。久之，文备坐事下狱，有功出之，或曰：“彼尝陷君于死，今生之，何也?”对曰：“尔所言者私忿，我所守者公法，不可以私害公。”

《新唐书·徐有功传》

共6页，第2

页（1）与皇甫文备同按狱，诬有功纵逆党

（2）尔所言者私忿，我所守者公法，不可以私害公

10．将下列文言短文中划线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（5分）

王戎不取道旁李

王戎七岁，尝与诸小儿游。看道边李树多子折枝，诸儿竞走取之。唯戎不动。人问之，答曰：“树在道旁而多子，此必苦李。”取之信然。（《世说新语》）

（1）看道边李树多子折枝 答：______________ _______________________（2）取之信然 答： 11.把画线的句子译成现代汉语。（5分）

昔齐桓公出，见一故墟而问之。或对曰：“郭氏之墟也。”复问：“①郭氏曷为墟？”曰：“善善而恶恶焉。”桓公曰：“善善恶恶乃所以存，而反为墟，何也？”曰：“善善而不能用，恶恶而不能去。②彼善人知其贵己而不用，则怨之；恶人见其贱己而不好，则仇之。夫与善人为怨，恶人为仇，欲毋亡，得乎？”

翻译：①

② 12.把下面一段文言文中划横线的句子翻译成现代汉语.(5分)闻而审，则为福矣；①闻而不审，不若不闻矣。齐桓公闻管子于鲍叔，楚庄闻孙叔敖于沈尹筮，②审之也，故国霸诸侯也。吴王闻越王勾践于太宰嚭，③智伯闻赵襄子于张武，不审也，故国亡身死也。

答: ①

② ③ 13．翻译下面文言文中划线的部分（5分）

星隊木鸣，国人皆恐。曰：是何也？曰：无何也。是天地之变，阴阳之化，物之罕至者也。怪之可也，而畏之非也。夫日月之有蚀，风雨之不时，怪星之黨见，是无世而不常有之。译文： 14.把下面文言文中画线的部分译成现代汉语(5分)郑子产有疾，谓大叔曰：“我死，子必为政。唯有德者能以宽服民，其次莫如猛。夫火烈，民望而畏之，故鲜死焉；水懦弱，民狎而玩之，则多死焉，故宽难。”疾数月卒。大叔为政，不忍猛而宽。郑国多盗，聚人于萑苻之盗。大叔悔之，曰：“吾早从夫子，不及此。”兴徒兵以攻萑苻之盗，尽杀之。盗少止。

共6页，第3

页

①①萑苻(huán fú)芦苇丛生的水泽，代指强盗出没的地方。

(1)

(2)

15、阅读下面文言文段，然后答题。

家有老妪，尝居于此。妪，先大母婢也，乳二世，先妣抚之甚厚。室西连于中闺，先妣尝一至。妪每谓余曰：“某所，而母立于兹。”妪又曰：“汝姊在吾怀，呱呱而泣；娘以指叩门扉曰：‘儿寒乎？欲食乎？’吾从板外相为应答。”语未毕，余泣，妪亦泣。（归有光《项脊轩志》）（1）解释句中加点的词（1分）先妣抚之甚厚 抚： ．（2）翻译下列句子（4分）

①妪，先大母婢也，乳二世：(2分)②某所，而母立于兹：（2分）16.将下面的文言段中划线句翻译成现代汉语。（6分）

项王军壁垓下，自度不得脱，谓其骑曰：“吾起兵于今八岁矣，身七十余战，所当者破，所击者服，未尝败北，遂霸有天下。然今卒困于此，此天之亡我，非战之罪也。今日固决死，愿为诸君快战，必三胜之，为诸君溃围、斩将、刈旗，令诸君知天亡我，非战之罪也。”

（《史记·项羽本记》）

（1）身七十余战,所当者破,所击者服,未尝败北（3分）

。（2）然今卒困于此，此天之亡我，非战之罪也。（3分）

。17.阅读下文，完成后面试题。(5分)

滕文公问曰：“滕、小国也；间於齐楚，事齐乎事楚乎？”

孟子对曰：“是谋非吾所能及也。无已，则有一焉。凿斯池也，筑斯城也，与民守之，效死而弗去，则是可为也。”

译文 18．阅读下列文言语段，将画线语句翻译成现代汉语。（5分）

华歆从会稽还都，宾客义故赠遗累数百金，歆皆无所拒，密各题识。临去，语众人曰：“本无拒诸君之心，而所受遂多。念单车远行，将无以怀璧为罪，愿为之计。”众乃各留所赠。（1）歆皆无所拒，密各题识。（2）本无拒诸君之心，而所受遂多。（3）众乃各留所赠。

共6页，第4

页 19．请将划线句子翻译成现代汉语。（5分）

宋人或得玉献诸子罕。子罕弗受。献玉者曰：“以示玉人，玉人以为宝也，故敢献之。”子罕曰：“我以不贪为宝，尔以玉为宝，若以与我，皆丧宝也，不若人有其宝。”

译文：。20.秦晋围郑，郑既知之矣。（1）若亡郑而有益于君，（2）敢以烦执事。越国以鄙远，君知其难也。（3）焉用亡郑以陪邻？邻之厚，君之薄也。

译文：（1）。

（2）。

（3）。21.翻译下面一段文字。要求：以直译为主；译文要流畅。

仁者爱人，有礼者敬人；爱人者人恒爱之，敬之者人恒敬之。有人于此，其待我以横逆，则君子必自反也。

22．把下列文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（5分）

赵人患鼠，乞猫于中山。中山人予之猫，善捕鼠及鸡。月余，鼠尽而其鸡亦尽。其子患之，告其父曰：“盍去诸？”其父曰：“是非若所知也，吾之患在鼠，不在乎无鸡。夫有鼠，则窃吾食，毁吾衣，穿吾垣墉（垣墉两字都是墙的意思），毁伤吾器用，吾将饥寒焉，不病于无鸡乎？无鸡者，弗食鸡则已耳，去饥寒犹远，若之何而去夫猫也。”（1）、盍去诸

（2）、是非若所知也（3）、不病于无鸡乎 23．阅读下面一段文言文，用现代汉语翻译文中画横线的两句话。（5分）

厉王虐，国人谤王。召公告曰：“民不堪命矣!”王怒，得卫巫，使监谤者。以告，则杀之。国人莫敢言，道路以目。召公曰：“是障之也。防民之口，甚于防川，川壅而溃，伤人必多。民亦如之。是故为川者决之使导，为民者宣之使言。„„口之宣言也，善败于是乎兴。行善而备败，其所以阜财用衣食者也。夫民虑之于心而宣之于口，成而行之，胡可壅也?若壅其口，其与能几何?”

(1)是故为川者决之使导，为民者宣之使言(2分)译文：(2)行善而备败，其所以阜财用衣食者也(3分)译文：

共6页，第5

页 24.阅读下面—段文言文，翻译画线的句子。(5分)冯异为人谦退不伐，行与诸将相逢，辄引车避道。进止皆有表识，军中号为整齐。每所止舍，诸将升坐论功，异常独屏树下，军中号曰“大树将军”。及破邯郸，乃更部分诸将，各有配隶，军中皆言愿属大树将军，光武以此多之。(《后汉书·冯异传》)（1）冯异为人谦退不伐。(2分)（2）军中皆言愿属大树将军，光武以此多之。(3分)25．将下面一段文言文中画横线的文字翻译成白话文。（5分）

及之而后知，履之而后艰，乌有不行而知者乎？披五岳之图，以为如山，不如樵夫之一足；疏八珍之谱，以为知味，不如庖丁之一啜。

答：（1）

（2）

26.将下面一段文字译成现代汉语。(5分)乐民之乐者，民亦乐其乐；忧民之忧者，民亦忧其忧。乐以天下，忧以天下；然而不王者，未之有也。(《孟子》)27．阅读下面文言语段，翻译画线的句子。（5分）

景公问于晏子曰：“为政何患？”晏子对曰：“患善恶之不分。”公曰：“何以察之？”对曰：“审择左右。左右善，则百僚各得其所宜，而善恶分。”

孔子闻之曰：“此言也信矣！善进，则不善无由入矣；不善进，则善无由入矣。”（1）何以察之？（2分）（2）此言也信矣！善进，则不善无由入矣。（3分）

28.阅读下面一段文言文，把画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

是己而非人，俗之同病。学犹未达，强以为知；理有未安，妄以臆度，如是则终身几无可问之事。贤于己者，忌之而不愿问焉；不如己者，轻之而不屑问焉；等于己者，狎之而不甘问焉。如是则天下几无可问之人，人不足服矣。① 是己而非人，俗之同病。（2分）

。② 贤于己者，忌之而不愿问焉；不如己者，轻之而不屑问焉。（3分）

。29.下面文言文中画横线的部分译成现代汉语(5分)秦既称帝，患兵革不休，以有诸侯也。于是无尺土之封，堕坏名城，销锋镝，钮豪杰，维 ：

共6页，第6

页 世之安。然王迹之兴，起于闾巷，合从讨伐，轶于三代。乡秦之禁，适足以资贤者为驱除 耳。故愤发其所为天下雄，安在无土不王?· │

(1)患兵革不休，以有诸侯也。(2)安在无土不王? 30．及庄公即位，为之请制。公曰：“制，岩邑也，虢叔死焉，佗邑唯命。”请京，使居之，谓之京城大叔。祭仲曰：“都城过百雉，国之害也。①先王之制，大都(都城城墙)不过参国之一，中五之一，小九之一。今京不度，非制也。(庄)公曰：“②姜氏欲之，焉辟害?”对曰：“姜氏何厌之有！不如早为之（指庄公之弟共叔段。其不断请求封地以扩张势力）所，无使滋蔓。蔓，难图也。译文：①_____________________________________________________________(3分)②___________________________________________________________________(2分)31.阅读下面一段文言文，将画线句子译成现代汉语。（5分）

以学自损，不如无学 颜之推

夫学者，所以求益耳。见人读数十卷书便自高大，凌忽长者，轻慢同列。人疾之如仇敌，恶之如鸱枭。如此以学自损，不如无学也。（选自颜之推《颜氏家训》）注：凌忽：欺侮和轻视。同列：同辈。鸱枭：两种恶鸟，这是古人的看法。

翻译：

文言翻译训练答案

共6页，第7

页 1：(1)韩休奏请把这些赋税与其他各州分摊。(2)刺史幸好知道百姓的困苦却不予救助，哪能这样为政呢?2：[译文]范乔同乡腊月除夕盗砍他家的树，有人告诉了范乔，①范乔佯装没有听见，②同乡惭愧地将盗砍的树归还给了。范乔前去明白地告诉同乡：“您在节日拿点些，③想跟父母一起高高兴兴地过节罢了，④为什么惭愧呢！”⑤他通情理善开导，都像这样。（每句1分）3：(1)(主人)问臧干了些什么?原来是拿着鞭子在读书。(2)两个人干的事情不同，但他们在丢失了羊这件事情上，却是相同的。4：阳货对孔子说：“喂！我跟你说，怀着一身本领却听任国家昏乱，可以叫做仁吗？回答说：不可以。喜欢从事政治却屡次错过时机，可以叫聪明吗？回答说：“不可以。时光流逝了，岁月不等待我们。”孔子说：“好吧，我将要从政了。” 5：①“„„等到他回到家里，他的妻子儿女却在受冻挨饿，那该怎么办？”齐宣王说：“跟他绝交。”要点：比：等到，及。（1分）冻馁：受冻挨饿。（1分）弃之：和他绝交。”②问：“假使整个国家不安定（或治理得不好），那又该怎么办？”齐宣王便回过头去看左右的人，用其他话岔开。要点：治：太平，治理得好。（1分）顾左右而言他：回过头去看左右的人，用其他话岔开。6：（1）大概来说，获得人才的方法是，假如不能得到圣人，那就与君子亲近交往，与其得到有本领但奸邪的人，倒不如得到没本领但忠厚的人。（2）有道德的人往往被人们尊敬，有才能的人往往被人们喜爱，因为喜爱就容易亲近，因为尊敬就容易疏远，所以明智的人才能不外露又保持高尚的道德。7：（1）您认为两人之中谁应该被肯定呢？（2）我（当然）肯定那端水灭水人的想法，否定那引火助燃人的想法。译文：巫马子对墨子说：“您（主张）爱天下一切人，谈不上有什么好处，我不爱天下（一切人），也谈不上有什么害处。（既然咱们的主张）都没有产生什么后果，您为什么单单地认为自己的对，而认为我的错呢？”墨子道：“比如有人在这里放了火，一个端着水，准备扑灭它，另一人拿着燃烧的东西，准备助长火势。（两人的行动）虽然都没成为现实，但您认两人之中谁应该被肯定呢？”巫马子道：“我（当然）肯定那端水灭火人的想法，否定那引火助燃人的想法。”墨子又道：“（如此说来）我仍然认为自己的主张对，而认为您的观点是错误的。” 8：(1)我有幸得到您的照顾，(您)不因为我是远方异族的人而轻视我。(2)如果(我)死了，您能不能在最后也像当初那样待我? 9：（1）曾和皇甫文备一起审理案件，皇甫文备诬告徐有功放纵反叛朝廷的团伙。(2)你所说的是个人的私怨，我所坚持的是国家的公法，不应该为了私怨而损害公法。[参考译文]徐有功提拔为左司郎中，又调任司刑少卿。曾和皇甫文备一起审理案件，皇甫文备诬告徐有功放纵反叛朝廷的团伙。过了很长时间，皇甫文备因事获罪，被捕入狱，徐有功使他获免出狱。有人问：“他曾把你陷于死地，你现在反而救他的性命，这是为什么?”徐有功答道；“你所说的是个人的私怨，我所坚持的是国